NSG 318 EXAM 2 2026 ASSESSMENT SCRIPT
QUESTION DETAILED RESPONSES
◉ Alpha1 receptors.
Answer: Causes vasoconstriction which leads to an increase in blood
pressure; Dilates pupils, decreases salivary glands (dry mouth)
◉ Alpha2 receptors.
Answer: Inhibit the release of norepinephrine which causes a
decrease in vasoconstriction which leads to a decrease in blood
pressure; Decreased GI motility (constipation)
◉ Beta1 receptors.
Answer: Increase contractility and heart rate
◉ Beta2 receptors.
Answer: Causes relaxation of the smooth muscle in the lungs which
leads to bronchodilation
Increased blood glucose
Decrease in GI tone and motility (Constipation)
Relaxation of the uterine muscle (Stop premature labor)
,◉ Direct-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Directly stimulate the adrenergic receptor (epinephrine
and norepinephrine)
◉ Indirect-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the release of norepinephrine from the terminal
nerve endings (amphetamine)
◉ Mixed-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the adrenergic receptor sites and stimulate the
release of norepinephrine (ephedrine)
◉ Catecholamines.
Answer: Chemical structures of a substance that can produce a
sympathomimetic response; Quickly metabolized so must be given
by injection endogenous: epinephrine, norepinephrine, and
dopamine
Synthetic: Isoproterenol and dobutamine
◉ Noncatecholamines.
Answer: Stimulate the adrenergic receptors
Phenylephrine, albuterol, metaproterenol
Have a longer duration of action than endogenous and synthetic
, ◉ Nonselective.
Answer: Affects different adrenergic receptors
◉ Adrenergic antagonists, adrenergic blockers, sympatholytics.
Answer: Drugs that block the effects of adrenergic
neurotransmitters
Block by occupying the receptors or by inhibiting the release of
neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine
◉ Alpha-adrenergic antagonists.
Answer: Drugs that block or inhibit a response at the alpha-
adrenergic receptor sites
Selective:
◉ Cholinergic agonists, muscarinic agonists,
parasympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system by
mimicking the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
◉ Cholinergic antagonists, muscarinic antagonists,
parasympatholytics, anticholinergics.
Answer: Drugs that inhibit the actions of of acetylcholine by
occupying the acetylcholine receptors
QUESTION DETAILED RESPONSES
◉ Alpha1 receptors.
Answer: Causes vasoconstriction which leads to an increase in blood
pressure; Dilates pupils, decreases salivary glands (dry mouth)
◉ Alpha2 receptors.
Answer: Inhibit the release of norepinephrine which causes a
decrease in vasoconstriction which leads to a decrease in blood
pressure; Decreased GI motility (constipation)
◉ Beta1 receptors.
Answer: Increase contractility and heart rate
◉ Beta2 receptors.
Answer: Causes relaxation of the smooth muscle in the lungs which
leads to bronchodilation
Increased blood glucose
Decrease in GI tone and motility (Constipation)
Relaxation of the uterine muscle (Stop premature labor)
,◉ Direct-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Directly stimulate the adrenergic receptor (epinephrine
and norepinephrine)
◉ Indirect-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the release of norepinephrine from the terminal
nerve endings (amphetamine)
◉ Mixed-acting sympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the adrenergic receptor sites and stimulate the
release of norepinephrine (ephedrine)
◉ Catecholamines.
Answer: Chemical structures of a substance that can produce a
sympathomimetic response; Quickly metabolized so must be given
by injection endogenous: epinephrine, norepinephrine, and
dopamine
Synthetic: Isoproterenol and dobutamine
◉ Noncatecholamines.
Answer: Stimulate the adrenergic receptors
Phenylephrine, albuterol, metaproterenol
Have a longer duration of action than endogenous and synthetic
, ◉ Nonselective.
Answer: Affects different adrenergic receptors
◉ Adrenergic antagonists, adrenergic blockers, sympatholytics.
Answer: Drugs that block the effects of adrenergic
neurotransmitters
Block by occupying the receptors or by inhibiting the release of
neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine
◉ Alpha-adrenergic antagonists.
Answer: Drugs that block or inhibit a response at the alpha-
adrenergic receptor sites
Selective:
◉ Cholinergic agonists, muscarinic agonists,
parasympathomimetics.
Answer: Stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system by
mimicking the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
◉ Cholinergic antagonists, muscarinic antagonists,
parasympatholytics, anticholinergics.
Answer: Drugs that inhibit the actions of of acetylcholine by
occupying the acetylcholine receptors
