NBME SAMPLE CERTIFICATION SCRIPT
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Familial hyperchylomicronemia.
Answer: genetic lipid disorder caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency
increased serum concentrations of chylomicrons and triglycerides sxs:
abdominal pain following ingestion of fatty meals and steatosis, eruptive
xanthomas, lipemia retinalis, milky serum appearance, and increased
amylase
◍ Improper Insertion of internal jugual vein catheter.
Answer: can damage - lung and common carotid
◍ thiazides.
Answer: what do you give to reduce calcium in urine? increase calcium
reabsorption in distal tubule
◍ free amino acid are produced by.
Answer: digestion within the brush border of the intestinal mucosa
◍ anterior.
Answer: the ureter enters the pelvis and immediately crosses ______ to the
bifurcation of the common iliac artery
◍ Renal papillary necrosis.
Answer: occurs following ischemic, inflammatory, infectious, or
toxin-mediated damage to the renal papillae sloughing and loss of papillae
and DCTscan be triggered by infections, DM, sickle cell disease, or NSAID
usecommon in SCDsxs: gross hematuria, flank pain, and proteinuria
◍ salmonella.
, Answer: antibiotic therapy of _______ gastroenteritis can cause prolonged
fecal excretion of the organism even if asymptomatic
◍ superior mesenteric artery supply.
Answer: arises from the abdominal aorta inferior to the celiac trunk and
passes anteriorly over the third segment of the dudenum supplying blood to
the dudenum small intestine and proximal 2/3 of the large intestine
◍ Waardenburg Syndrome.
Answer: autosomal dominant syndrome of patchy depigmentation of the
skin, hair, irises, and cochlear dysfunction (sensorineural deafness)due to
abnormal neural crest development into melanoblasts --> white forelock and
eyelashes, depigmented skin patches, and iridic heterochromia
◍ Leukemoid reaction.
Answer: Exaggerated WBC response to infection, stress, or infarctioncauses
an abnormal blood smear with neutrophil precursors can be confused with
acute leukemia BUT leukocytes are MATURE, FUNCTIONAL, and
POLYCLONAL
◍ secondary polycythemia.
Answer: what is the most likely hematologic abnormality in pts with COPD?
◍ meningioma.
Answer: most common primary brain tumors in adults arise from meninges
pts may experience seizures or focal neurologic deficits; can cause increased
ICP (postural HA, nausea, papilledema)
◍ IL-1.
Answer: key cytokine (with TNF-alpha) in RApro-inflammatory
◍ Coccidoides immitis.
Answer: also called Valley Fever; affects respiratory (systemic);
arthrospores are highly infectious;mold phase- barrel shapedyeast
phase-spherule containing numerous endospores that can break open
◍ first order reaction.
, Answer: a reaction in which the reaction rate is proportional to the
concentration of only one reactant
◍ CCR5.
Answer: expressed on APCs such as macrophages, T lymphocytes (CD4+),
and dendritic cells HIV receptor
◍ secretory endometrium with decidualized stroma occurs during the.
Answer: luteal phase of the menstrual cycle governed by progesterone from
the corpus luteum
◍ in the setting of renal papillary necrosis ADH.
Answer: is unable to act on the collecting ducts of the nephron
◍ Aneurysm of PCOM causes.
Answer: compression of ipsilateral oculomotor nerve resulting in diplopia
mydriasis extropia hydrotropia (ptosis of eyelid, eyelid is raised manually,
eye is fixed in thte out position pupil is dilated)
◍ drugs work on the pct.
Answer: mannitol and acteazolamide
◍ esophageal varices.
Answer: dilation of submucosal venous plexus a/w portal hypertension
(inferior esophageal veins drain into the left gastric vein and then into the
portal vein)sxs: hematemesis followed by hemodynamic collapse
◍ tyrosine.
Answer: supplementation of _______ is necessary in patients with PKU
(deficiency of PAH --> Phe accumulation and tyrosine/catecholamine
deficiency)
◍ Polyribitol phosphate capsule.
Answer: Haemophilus influenzae type B
◍ pores of kohn.
Answer: small openings in the alveolar walls that allow gases and
macrophages to travel between the alveolicomposed of type 2 alveolar
, cellsallows for spread of bacteria between adjacent alveoli in the setting of
pneumonia
◍ sacral splanchnic nerves.
Answer: autonomic aspects of urinary GI and sexual organ within the pelvis
◍ Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Answer: block the metabolic breakdown of dopamine, norepinephrine, and
serotonin
◍ hyperplasia of the pancreatic islet cells.
Answer: in response to hyperglycemia in diabetic mother
◍ Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin.
Answer: SGLT2 inhibitors
◍ high capillary hydrostatic pressure low plasma oncotic pressure increase.
Answer: movement of fluid out of the capillaries and into interstitial space-
increase lymphatic flow
◍ 3 months.
Answer: normal milestones at _____ ____________ include holding head
up when prone, grasping toys, bringing hands to mouth, social smile, and
cooing/babbling
◍ supraoptic nucleus.
Answer: part of the hypothalamus that controls the release rate of
vasopressin (ADH)
◍ Pramlintide.
Answer: amylin analog
◍ HIV encephalopathy.
Answer: AIDS (nonadherent to ART), progressive memory loss, and motor
deficits classic triad: movement disorders, psychomotor impairment, and
memory deficits MRI: multiple, symmetric, poorly demarcated T2
hyperintense lesions scattered in the subcortical white matterHisto:
microglial nodules with multinucleated giant cellsVS PML which consists
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◍ Familial hyperchylomicronemia.
Answer: genetic lipid disorder caused by lipoprotein lipase deficiency
increased serum concentrations of chylomicrons and triglycerides sxs:
abdominal pain following ingestion of fatty meals and steatosis, eruptive
xanthomas, lipemia retinalis, milky serum appearance, and increased
amylase
◍ Improper Insertion of internal jugual vein catheter.
Answer: can damage - lung and common carotid
◍ thiazides.
Answer: what do you give to reduce calcium in urine? increase calcium
reabsorption in distal tubule
◍ free amino acid are produced by.
Answer: digestion within the brush border of the intestinal mucosa
◍ anterior.
Answer: the ureter enters the pelvis and immediately crosses ______ to the
bifurcation of the common iliac artery
◍ Renal papillary necrosis.
Answer: occurs following ischemic, inflammatory, infectious, or
toxin-mediated damage to the renal papillae sloughing and loss of papillae
and DCTscan be triggered by infections, DM, sickle cell disease, or NSAID
usecommon in SCDsxs: gross hematuria, flank pain, and proteinuria
◍ salmonella.
, Answer: antibiotic therapy of _______ gastroenteritis can cause prolonged
fecal excretion of the organism even if asymptomatic
◍ superior mesenteric artery supply.
Answer: arises from the abdominal aorta inferior to the celiac trunk and
passes anteriorly over the third segment of the dudenum supplying blood to
the dudenum small intestine and proximal 2/3 of the large intestine
◍ Waardenburg Syndrome.
Answer: autosomal dominant syndrome of patchy depigmentation of the
skin, hair, irises, and cochlear dysfunction (sensorineural deafness)due to
abnormal neural crest development into melanoblasts --> white forelock and
eyelashes, depigmented skin patches, and iridic heterochromia
◍ Leukemoid reaction.
Answer: Exaggerated WBC response to infection, stress, or infarctioncauses
an abnormal blood smear with neutrophil precursors can be confused with
acute leukemia BUT leukocytes are MATURE, FUNCTIONAL, and
POLYCLONAL
◍ secondary polycythemia.
Answer: what is the most likely hematologic abnormality in pts with COPD?
◍ meningioma.
Answer: most common primary brain tumors in adults arise from meninges
pts may experience seizures or focal neurologic deficits; can cause increased
ICP (postural HA, nausea, papilledema)
◍ IL-1.
Answer: key cytokine (with TNF-alpha) in RApro-inflammatory
◍ Coccidoides immitis.
Answer: also called Valley Fever; affects respiratory (systemic);
arthrospores are highly infectious;mold phase- barrel shapedyeast
phase-spherule containing numerous endospores that can break open
◍ first order reaction.
, Answer: a reaction in which the reaction rate is proportional to the
concentration of only one reactant
◍ CCR5.
Answer: expressed on APCs such as macrophages, T lymphocytes (CD4+),
and dendritic cells HIV receptor
◍ secretory endometrium with decidualized stroma occurs during the.
Answer: luteal phase of the menstrual cycle governed by progesterone from
the corpus luteum
◍ in the setting of renal papillary necrosis ADH.
Answer: is unable to act on the collecting ducts of the nephron
◍ Aneurysm of PCOM causes.
Answer: compression of ipsilateral oculomotor nerve resulting in diplopia
mydriasis extropia hydrotropia (ptosis of eyelid, eyelid is raised manually,
eye is fixed in thte out position pupil is dilated)
◍ drugs work on the pct.
Answer: mannitol and acteazolamide
◍ esophageal varices.
Answer: dilation of submucosal venous plexus a/w portal hypertension
(inferior esophageal veins drain into the left gastric vein and then into the
portal vein)sxs: hematemesis followed by hemodynamic collapse
◍ tyrosine.
Answer: supplementation of _______ is necessary in patients with PKU
(deficiency of PAH --> Phe accumulation and tyrosine/catecholamine
deficiency)
◍ Polyribitol phosphate capsule.
Answer: Haemophilus influenzae type B
◍ pores of kohn.
Answer: small openings in the alveolar walls that allow gases and
macrophages to travel between the alveolicomposed of type 2 alveolar
, cellsallows for spread of bacteria between adjacent alveoli in the setting of
pneumonia
◍ sacral splanchnic nerves.
Answer: autonomic aspects of urinary GI and sexual organ within the pelvis
◍ Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
Answer: block the metabolic breakdown of dopamine, norepinephrine, and
serotonin
◍ hyperplasia of the pancreatic islet cells.
Answer: in response to hyperglycemia in diabetic mother
◍ Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin.
Answer: SGLT2 inhibitors
◍ high capillary hydrostatic pressure low plasma oncotic pressure increase.
Answer: movement of fluid out of the capillaries and into interstitial space-
increase lymphatic flow
◍ 3 months.
Answer: normal milestones at _____ ____________ include holding head
up when prone, grasping toys, bringing hands to mouth, social smile, and
cooing/babbling
◍ supraoptic nucleus.
Answer: part of the hypothalamus that controls the release rate of
vasopressin (ADH)
◍ Pramlintide.
Answer: amylin analog
◍ HIV encephalopathy.
Answer: AIDS (nonadherent to ART), progressive memory loss, and motor
deficits classic triad: movement disorders, psychomotor impairment, and
memory deficits MRI: multiple, symmetric, poorly demarcated T2
hyperintense lesions scattered in the subcortical white matterHisto:
microglial nodules with multinucleated giant cellsVS PML which consists
