NUR 330 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | COMPLETE NURSING
EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Anemia - ✔✔deficiency in the number of RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit
- can lead to tissue hypoxia
Mild state anemia - ✔✔10-12 g/dL
- may exist without causing symptoms, symptoms include palpitations, dyspnea, and mild fatigue
Moderate state anemia - ✔✔6-10 g/dL
- cardiopulmonary symptoms increased, experienced during rest and with an activity, bounding pulse,
fatigue, "roaring in the ears
Severe state anemia - ✔✔less than 6 g/dL
- many manifestations involving multiple body systems; pallor, jaundice, pruritus, blurred vision,
tachycardia, glossitis, smooth tongue, headache, vertigo, anorexia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, weight
loss, lethargy
13.2 - 17.3 - ✔✔What is the normal hemoglobin for males?
11.7 - 15.5 - ✔✔What is the normal hemoglobin for females?
12 - 18 - ✔✔What is the generalized normal level for hemoglobin?
39 - 50% - ✔✔What is the normal hematocrit for males?
35 - 47% - ✔✔What is the normal hematocrit for females?
4-6 - ✔✔What is the normal RBC count?
150-400 - ✔✔What is the normal platelet count?
4-11 - ✔✔What is the normal WBC count?
Liver and muscle meats, eggs, dried fruits, legumes, dark green leafy veggies, whole-grain, enriched
bread and cereals, potatoes - ✔✔What foods are high in iron?
Fatigue
Imbalanced nutrition
Ineffective health management - ✔✔What are the nursing diagnoses for patients with anemia?
Blood or blood product transfusions
, Drug therapy
Volume replacement
Oxygen therapy
Patient teaching
- (Nutrition & Compliance w/ safety precautions to prevent falls/injuries) - ✔✔What are some
implementations for anemia?
Acute blood loss, sideroblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia - ✔✔Normocytic,
Normochromic Anemia = normal size and color.
(MCV 80-100, MCH 27-34) is caused by what?
Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B6 deficiency - ✔✔Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia = small size, pale
color
(MCV < 80, MCH < 27) is caused by what?
Vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency - ✔✔Macrocytic (megaloblastic), normochromic Anemia =
large size, normal color
(MCV > 100, MCH > 34) is caused by what?
Ferrous sulfate - ✔✔Best form of iron absorption - absorbed in duodenum
Should be taken an hour before meals
Taken with Vitamin C or orange juice enhances absorption
*SE = heartburn, constipation, diarrhea*
Patient needs to drink through a straw
Alcohol
A adrenergic agonists and antagonists
ACE inhibitors
Anticholinergic
Tricyclic antidepressants
B adrenergic antagonists (Beta blockers)
Calcium channel blockers
Opioids
Sedatives
Loop diuretics
Methylxanthines
Anti-seizure - ✔✔What drugs increase risk of urinary incontinence?
Urinary incontinence - ✔✔Occurs when bladder pressure exceeds urethral closure pressure
Lifestyle modifications, scheduled toileting (every 2 hours), pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, and
containment devices. - ✔✔What are some interventions to help patients with incontinent urine?
Stress incontinence - ✔✔Sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure causes involuntary passage of
urine, *can occur when coughing, sneezing, laughing, or physical activity*; normally small amounts of
urine
EXAM 4 STUDY GUIDE 2026/2027
Anemia - ✔✔deficiency in the number of RBC, hemoglobin, and hematocrit
- can lead to tissue hypoxia
Mild state anemia - ✔✔10-12 g/dL
- may exist without causing symptoms, symptoms include palpitations, dyspnea, and mild fatigue
Moderate state anemia - ✔✔6-10 g/dL
- cardiopulmonary symptoms increased, experienced during rest and with an activity, bounding pulse,
fatigue, "roaring in the ears
Severe state anemia - ✔✔less than 6 g/dL
- many manifestations involving multiple body systems; pallor, jaundice, pruritus, blurred vision,
tachycardia, glossitis, smooth tongue, headache, vertigo, anorexia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, weight
loss, lethargy
13.2 - 17.3 - ✔✔What is the normal hemoglobin for males?
11.7 - 15.5 - ✔✔What is the normal hemoglobin for females?
12 - 18 - ✔✔What is the generalized normal level for hemoglobin?
39 - 50% - ✔✔What is the normal hematocrit for males?
35 - 47% - ✔✔What is the normal hematocrit for females?
4-6 - ✔✔What is the normal RBC count?
150-400 - ✔✔What is the normal platelet count?
4-11 - ✔✔What is the normal WBC count?
Liver and muscle meats, eggs, dried fruits, legumes, dark green leafy veggies, whole-grain, enriched
bread and cereals, potatoes - ✔✔What foods are high in iron?
Fatigue
Imbalanced nutrition
Ineffective health management - ✔✔What are the nursing diagnoses for patients with anemia?
Blood or blood product transfusions
, Drug therapy
Volume replacement
Oxygen therapy
Patient teaching
- (Nutrition & Compliance w/ safety precautions to prevent falls/injuries) - ✔✔What are some
implementations for anemia?
Acute blood loss, sideroblastic anemia, aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia - ✔✔Normocytic,
Normochromic Anemia = normal size and color.
(MCV 80-100, MCH 27-34) is caused by what?
Iron deficiency anemia, vitamin B6 deficiency - ✔✔Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia = small size, pale
color
(MCV < 80, MCH < 27) is caused by what?
Vitamin B12 deficiency, folic acid deficiency - ✔✔Macrocytic (megaloblastic), normochromic Anemia =
large size, normal color
(MCV > 100, MCH > 34) is caused by what?
Ferrous sulfate - ✔✔Best form of iron absorption - absorbed in duodenum
Should be taken an hour before meals
Taken with Vitamin C or orange juice enhances absorption
*SE = heartburn, constipation, diarrhea*
Patient needs to drink through a straw
Alcohol
A adrenergic agonists and antagonists
ACE inhibitors
Anticholinergic
Tricyclic antidepressants
B adrenergic antagonists (Beta blockers)
Calcium channel blockers
Opioids
Sedatives
Loop diuretics
Methylxanthines
Anti-seizure - ✔✔What drugs increase risk of urinary incontinence?
Urinary incontinence - ✔✔Occurs when bladder pressure exceeds urethral closure pressure
Lifestyle modifications, scheduled toileting (every 2 hours), pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, and
containment devices. - ✔✔What are some interventions to help patients with incontinent urine?
Stress incontinence - ✔✔Sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure causes involuntary passage of
urine, *can occur when coughing, sneezing, laughing, or physical activity*; normally small amounts of
urine
