ACT SAT Math Formulas Study Guide 2026?2027 | Essential Equations & Practice Review
Cosecant (csc) hypotenuse/opposite
Area of a triangle A=1/2bh
Area of a rectangle A=lw
Area of a parallelogram A=bh
Perimeter of a rectangle P=2l+2w
Perimeter of a square P=4s
Area of a square A=s²
Volume of a sphere 4/3πr³
Volume of a cube V=s^3
Volume of a rectangular prism V=lwh
Area of a trapezoid A=1/2h(b1+b2)
Surface area of a sphere 4πr^2
Surface area of a cube formula 6s2 (squared)
circle equation (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2
ellipse equation (x-h)^2/a^2 + (y-k)^2/b^2 = 1
parabola y=ax^2+bx+c
vertex form f(x)=a(x-h)^2+k
, ACT SAT Math Formulas Study Guide 2026?2027 | Essential Equations & Practice Review
vertex formula x=-b/2a
power rule of exponents When taking a power to a power, multiply exponents
Permutation Formula n!/(n-r)!
Combination Formula n!/(n-r)!r!
Integers whole numbers and their opposites
rational number A number that can be written as a fraction
real numbers the set of all rational and irrational numbers
imaginary number the square root of a negative number
Compound Interest Formula A=P(1+r/n)^nt
i square root of -1
absolute value function a function written in the form y = /x/, and the graph is always in the shape of a v
vertical asymptote set denominator equal to zero
Horizontal Asymptote a horizontal line that the curve approaches but never reaches
slant asymptote -When the degrees of the numerator is ONE larger than the denominator
standard deviation a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
Mean average
Median the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are
below it
Mode the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
Range the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
prime number A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
counting numbers The numbers used to count; the members of the set {1,2,3,4,5,...}. Also called
natural numbers.
Cosecant (csc) hypotenuse/opposite
Area of a triangle A=1/2bh
Area of a rectangle A=lw
Area of a parallelogram A=bh
Perimeter of a rectangle P=2l+2w
Perimeter of a square P=4s
Area of a square A=s²
Volume of a sphere 4/3πr³
Volume of a cube V=s^3
Volume of a rectangular prism V=lwh
Area of a trapezoid A=1/2h(b1+b2)
Surface area of a sphere 4πr^2
Surface area of a cube formula 6s2 (squared)
circle equation (x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2
ellipse equation (x-h)^2/a^2 + (y-k)^2/b^2 = 1
parabola y=ax^2+bx+c
vertex form f(x)=a(x-h)^2+k
, ACT SAT Math Formulas Study Guide 2026?2027 | Essential Equations & Practice Review
vertex formula x=-b/2a
power rule of exponents When taking a power to a power, multiply exponents
Permutation Formula n!/(n-r)!
Combination Formula n!/(n-r)!r!
Integers whole numbers and their opposites
rational number A number that can be written as a fraction
real numbers the set of all rational and irrational numbers
imaginary number the square root of a negative number
Compound Interest Formula A=P(1+r/n)^nt
i square root of -1
absolute value function a function written in the form y = /x/, and the graph is always in the shape of a v
vertical asymptote set denominator equal to zero
Horizontal Asymptote a horizontal line that the curve approaches but never reaches
slant asymptote -When the degrees of the numerator is ONE larger than the denominator
standard deviation a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
Mean average
Median the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are
below it
Mode the most frequently occurring score(s) in a distribution
Range the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
prime number A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
counting numbers The numbers used to count; the members of the set {1,2,3,4,5,...}. Also called
natural numbers.
