BIOL 1407 WITH ACCURATE QUESTINS AND DETAILED SOLUTIONS|SURE TO PASS 100%|

1. Predation types ANSWER Carnivorous, herbivorous, parasitic 2. Interspecific species interactions ANSWER Between different species 3. Intraspecific species interactions ANSWER Between members of same species 4. Crypsis ANSWER Behavior/ trait that makes an organism deter/evade predators (ex. Camouflage, aposematic coloration, mimicry) 5. Aposematic coloration ANSWER Warning colors on an organism to indicate toxicity/danger to predators 6. Batesian mimicry ANSWER Harmless species copies dangerous species 7. Mullerian mimicry ANSWER Multiple dangerous species resemble each other 8. Niche ANSWER Set of physical/biological conditions a species needs to grow/thrive 9. Fundamental niche ANSWER Range of all usable resources 10. Realized niche ANSWER Resources a species actually uses 11. Competitive exclusion ANSWER One species prevents other from accessing/using a resource 12. Competitive coexistence ANSWER Resource partitioning between different species 13. Mutualism ANSWER (+,+) 14. Commensalism ANSWER (+,0) 15. Amensalism ANSWER (-,0) 16. Competition ANSWER (-,-) 17. Binary fission ANSWER Prokaryotic cell, asexual reproduction 18. Prokaryotes dna organization ANSWER Circular 19. Transformation ANSWER DNA of prokaryote 1 contacts cell surface of prokaryote 2. Prokaryote 2 incorporates DNA of 1 into its own DNA 20. Transduction ANSWER Bacteriophage transfers genes from one host to another to another (Viral reproduction) 21. Conjugation ANSWER DNA transfer via sex pilus between two prokaryotes 22. Types of gene transfer ANSWER Transformation, transduction, conjugation 23. Hadobacteria ANSWER Live in temps around boiling point of water. Some can withstand radiation 24. Hyperthermophilic bacteria ANSWER Live in volcanic vents and hot springs 25. Firmicutes ANSWER Highly resilient bacteria, endospores (time capsules with dna) 26. Cyanobacteria ANSWER First photosynthetic organisms, some of first nitrogen fixers, live in heteromorphic colonies 27. Spirochetes ANSWER Axial filaments, many parasites 28. Chlamydia ANSWER Obligate parasites 29. Proteobacteria ANSWER Nitrogen fixers, E. Coli, cholera, salmonella, bubonic plague 30. Archaea ANSWER Extremophiles, nonpeptidoglycan 31. Diversity ANSWER Species richness and relative abundance 32. Keystone species ANSWER small population, strong effects (trophic cascades) 33. Foundation species ANSWER Strong effect, abundant population. Ex: trees in a forest 34. Ecosystem engineers ANSWER Species that modify/maintain/create habitat 35. Supergroups - Protists ANSWER SAR, Excavata, Archaeplastida, Unikonta 36. SAR groups ANSWER Stramenophiles - Diatoms, brown alage, Alveolates - Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, Ciliates Rhizarians - Radiolarians, Forams, Cercozoans 37. Excavata groups ANSWER Diplomonads, parabasalids Euglenozoans - Kinetoplastids, Euglenids 38. Archaeplastida groups ANSWER Red algae, green algae, land plants 39. Unikonta groups ANSWER Amoebozoans - Slime molds, Tubulinids, Entamoebas Opisthokonts 40. All fungi have what in their cell walls? ANSWER Chitin 41. hyphae ANSWER The branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi 42. mycelium ANSWER densely branched network of the hyphae of a fungus 43. septate hyphae ANSWER hyphae whose cells are divided by septa 44. coenocytic ANSWER hyphae without septa, multinucleate 45. Mycorrhizae ANSWER A mutualistic association of plant roots and fungus 46. Ectomycorrhizal fungi ANSWER Sheaths of hyphae over plant root, grow into extracellular space 47. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ANSWER hyphae grow inside plant root cells 48. Microsporidia ANSWER unicellular parasites, no true mitochondria, polar tube 49. Chytridiomycota ANSWER Decomposers, parasites, flagellated zoospores 50. Zygomycota ANSWER Decomposers, molds, sexual and asexual repro, coenocytic hyphae 51. Glomeromycota ANSWER arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 52. Dikarya ANSWER Haploid nuclei, produces complex fruiting body 53. Ascomycota ANSWER sac fungi 54. Ascomycota sexual repro ANSWER Ascospores, asci 55. Ascomycota asexual repro ANSWER Conidiophores, conidia 56. Basidiomycota ANSWER Mushrooms, club fungi, karyogomy, basidiospores from basidiocarp, dikaryotic 57. Plant tissues ANSWER Dermal, vascular, ground 58. Plant vascular system ANSWER Xylem, phloem 59. Plant ground tissue ANSWER pith - inside vasc tissue cortex - outside vasc tissue 60. Plant dermal tissue ANSWER cuticle, bark