Rasmussen Patho Exam 2
Rasmussen Patho Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers |
100% Verified
What is GERD and what are the complications?
o -Acid reflux
o -gastric content are entering the esophagus
o -Resulting in heartburn, irritation, dysphagia
o -can cause esophagus ulcers, difficulty breathing
What is Hiatal Hernia and what are the complications?
o Part of the stomach push through the diaphragm
o -increased intraabdominal pressure
o -Cause pain GERD
What is gastritis?
o Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
o -Stomach will appear red and irritated
What are some of the causes of Gastritis?
o -Ingestion of irritating substances
o -Heart burn
o -Bleeding
o -Etoh
o -NSAID (tylenol, aspirin, ibuprofen)
o -H. Pylori
o -Viral
What are some complications of Gastritis?
Bleeding
o -Dehydration
o -Weight loss,
o -GI cancer (chronic gastritis
What is peptic ulcer disease and what are sign and symptoms?
o -Sore( ULCERS) in the stomach
o -Similar to gastritis
o -Epigastric burning pain that is only relieved by food or antacids
o -Usually present on an empty stomach but can be after eating
pg. 1
,Rasmussen Patho Exam 2
o -Duodenal ulcers present 2-6 hours after food and is relieved by food
o -May cause GI bleeding (tarry stool)
What are some complication of PUD
o -Major GI bleed
What is H. pylori? and what is the role it play in peptic ulcer disease?
o -Bacteria that enters the GI tract and may cause PUD or gastritis
o -a common cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers
o -Promotes both gastric and duodenal ulcer formation and thrive in acidic locations
o -Slows down the healing process of ulcers, and causes an ulcer to reoccur frequently.
-CAUSES PUD BY DISRUPTING THE SECRETION OF MUCOUS-
How does stress contributes to GI disorder?
o -Stress response triggers the SNS which result in decreased blood flow to the GI system
What are sign and symptoms of appendicitis and how do we assess for it?
o -Periumblicial pain, RLQ pain
o -Presence of a positive MCBurneys point with pain, Nausea, and vomiting
o -Use the Mcburneys technique when pressing down on the belly button and RLQ, If movement
the pressure causes intense pain then that indicates a positive sign
What are some major complication to watch out for with a patient with Appendicitis
o -PERITONITIS (inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall)
o -pain
o -high wbc
o -Distended & FIRM/RIGID ABDOMEN
What is Peritonitis?
o -Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall
o Cause of Emergency
What causes intestinal obstruction?
o Mechanical or Functional obstruction
What are some of the causes of Intestinal/bowel obstructions?
pg. 2
, Rasmussen Patho Exam 2
o -Necrosis of the Bowel
o -Bowel Perforation
o -Sepsis, gangrene
o -PERITONITIS (inflammation of the lining of the abdomen)
o -Previous surgery of the intestines
o -Congenital abnormalities of the bowel
What is the cause of Mechanical obstruction?
o -Caused by constipation
o -Fecal obstruction, volvulus
o -Intussusception
o -Partial or complete blockage in the intestine
What is the cause of Functional Obstruction?
Caused by Opiates, Paralytics, etc...
o -Lack of peristalsis, GI tract dysfunction
o -There is no physical blockage
o -PARALYTIC ILUEUSES
What is the difference between Hepatitis and Cirrhosis?
o Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver due to viral hepatitis A,B,C,D,E
o Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver due to hepatitis, EtOH use etc
What are the S/SX of hepatitis and Cirrhosis?
o -Portal HTN, Esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, jaundice
➢ AST, ALT
o -Hepatic Encephalopathy (confusion due to increased ammonia)
What is cystitis and what are some risk factors??
inflammation of the bladder
o -Cause by UTI (E.coli)
o -female gender, BPH
What is Enuresis?
o night wetting/ bed wetting
What is some chronic disease that causes incontinence?
Diabetes, kidney disease
What is Stress and Urge incontinence?
pg. 3
Rasmussen Patho Exam 2 Questions with Correct Answers |
100% Verified
What is GERD and what are the complications?
o -Acid reflux
o -gastric content are entering the esophagus
o -Resulting in heartburn, irritation, dysphagia
o -can cause esophagus ulcers, difficulty breathing
What is Hiatal Hernia and what are the complications?
o Part of the stomach push through the diaphragm
o -increased intraabdominal pressure
o -Cause pain GERD
What is gastritis?
o Inflammation of the lining of the stomach
o -Stomach will appear red and irritated
What are some of the causes of Gastritis?
o -Ingestion of irritating substances
o -Heart burn
o -Bleeding
o -Etoh
o -NSAID (tylenol, aspirin, ibuprofen)
o -H. Pylori
o -Viral
What are some complications of Gastritis?
Bleeding
o -Dehydration
o -Weight loss,
o -GI cancer (chronic gastritis
What is peptic ulcer disease and what are sign and symptoms?
o -Sore( ULCERS) in the stomach
o -Similar to gastritis
o -Epigastric burning pain that is only relieved by food or antacids
o -Usually present on an empty stomach but can be after eating
pg. 1
,Rasmussen Patho Exam 2
o -Duodenal ulcers present 2-6 hours after food and is relieved by food
o -May cause GI bleeding (tarry stool)
What are some complication of PUD
o -Major GI bleed
What is H. pylori? and what is the role it play in peptic ulcer disease?
o -Bacteria that enters the GI tract and may cause PUD or gastritis
o -a common cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers
o -Promotes both gastric and duodenal ulcer formation and thrive in acidic locations
o -Slows down the healing process of ulcers, and causes an ulcer to reoccur frequently.
-CAUSES PUD BY DISRUPTING THE SECRETION OF MUCOUS-
How does stress contributes to GI disorder?
o -Stress response triggers the SNS which result in decreased blood flow to the GI system
What are sign and symptoms of appendicitis and how do we assess for it?
o -Periumblicial pain, RLQ pain
o -Presence of a positive MCBurneys point with pain, Nausea, and vomiting
o -Use the Mcburneys technique when pressing down on the belly button and RLQ, If movement
the pressure causes intense pain then that indicates a positive sign
What are some major complication to watch out for with a patient with Appendicitis
o -PERITONITIS (inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall)
o -pain
o -high wbc
o -Distended & FIRM/RIGID ABDOMEN
What is Peritonitis?
o -Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal wall
o Cause of Emergency
What causes intestinal obstruction?
o Mechanical or Functional obstruction
What are some of the causes of Intestinal/bowel obstructions?
pg. 2
, Rasmussen Patho Exam 2
o -Necrosis of the Bowel
o -Bowel Perforation
o -Sepsis, gangrene
o -PERITONITIS (inflammation of the lining of the abdomen)
o -Previous surgery of the intestines
o -Congenital abnormalities of the bowel
What is the cause of Mechanical obstruction?
o -Caused by constipation
o -Fecal obstruction, volvulus
o -Intussusception
o -Partial or complete blockage in the intestine
What is the cause of Functional Obstruction?
Caused by Opiates, Paralytics, etc...
o -Lack of peristalsis, GI tract dysfunction
o -There is no physical blockage
o -PARALYTIC ILUEUSES
What is the difference between Hepatitis and Cirrhosis?
o Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver due to viral hepatitis A,B,C,D,E
o Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver due to hepatitis, EtOH use etc
What are the S/SX of hepatitis and Cirrhosis?
o -Portal HTN, Esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, jaundice
➢ AST, ALT
o -Hepatic Encephalopathy (confusion due to increased ammonia)
What is cystitis and what are some risk factors??
inflammation of the bladder
o -Cause by UTI (E.coli)
o -female gender, BPH
What is Enuresis?
o night wetting/ bed wetting
What is some chronic disease that causes incontinence?
Diabetes, kidney disease
What is Stress and Urge incontinence?
pg. 3
