PCC2- Quiz 1- Electrolyte And Fluid Balance
Questions With Complete Answers
A 50-yr-old woman with hypertension has a serum potassium level that has
acutely risen to 6.2 mEq/L. Which type of order, if written by the health care
provider, should the nurse question?
A. Limit foods high in potassium.
B. Calcium gluconate IV piggyback.
C. Give a potassium-sparing diuretic daily.
D. Administer intravenous insulin and glucose. - ANSWER C
You are caring for a patient receiving calcium carbonate for the treatment of
osteopenia. Which serum laboratory result would you identify as an adverse
effect related to this therapy?
A. Sodium falling to 138 mEq/L
B. Potassium rising to 4.1 mEq/L
C. Magnesium rising to 2.9 mg/dL
D. Phosphorus falling to 2.1 mg/dL - ANSWER D
You receive a provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from 5% dextrose
in 0.45% saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline with 20 mEq
KCl/L. Which serum laboratory values best support the rationale for this IV order
change?
A. Sodium, 136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.6 mEq/L
B. Sodium, 145 mEq/L; potassium, 4.8 mEq/L
C. Sodium, 135 mEq/L; potassium, 4.5 mEq/L
D. Sodium, 144 mEq/L; potassium, 3.7 mEq/L - ANSWER C
Which action is most important for the nurse to take when caring for a patient
with a subclavian triple-lumen catheter?
A. Change the injection cap after the administration of IV medications.
B. Use a 5-mL syringe to flush the catheter between medications and after use.
C. During removal of the catheter, have the patient perform the Valsalva
maneuver.
, D. If resistance is met when flushing, use the push-pause technique to dislodge
the clot. - ANSWER C
A 22-yr-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a stab wound to
the abdomen. The patient's vital signs are blood pressure 82/56 mm Hg, pulse
132 beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min, and temperature 97.9° F (36.6° C).
Which fluid, if ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?
A. 0.45% saline
B. 0.9% saline
C. Packed red blood cells
D. Lactated Ringer's solution - ANSWER A
You are caring for a patient admitted with heart failure. The morning laboratory
results reveal a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. You should hold a
medication from which classification until you consult with the health care
provider?
A. Antibiotics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Bronchodilators
D. Antihypertensives - ANSWER B
While caring for a patient with metastatic bone cancer, which clinical
manifestations would alert the nurse to the possibility of hypercalcemia in this
patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weakness
B. Paresthesia
C. Facial spasms
D. Muscle tremors
E. Depressed reflexes - ANSWER A & E
Which serum potassium result best supports the rationale for administering a
stat dose of IV potassium chloride 20 mEq in 200 mL of normal saline over 2
hours?
A. 3.1 mEq/L
B. 3.5 mEq/L
C. 4.6 mEq/L
D. 5.3 mEq/L - ANSWER A
A patient with dehydration is receiving a hypertonic solution. Which
assessments must be done to avoid adverse risks associated with these
solutions? (Select all that apply.)
A. Lung sounds
B. Bowel sounds
C. Blood pressure
D. Serum sodium level
E. Serum potassium level - ANSWER A, C & D
Questions With Complete Answers
A 50-yr-old woman with hypertension has a serum potassium level that has
acutely risen to 6.2 mEq/L. Which type of order, if written by the health care
provider, should the nurse question?
A. Limit foods high in potassium.
B. Calcium gluconate IV piggyback.
C. Give a potassium-sparing diuretic daily.
D. Administer intravenous insulin and glucose. - ANSWER C
You are caring for a patient receiving calcium carbonate for the treatment of
osteopenia. Which serum laboratory result would you identify as an adverse
effect related to this therapy?
A. Sodium falling to 138 mEq/L
B. Potassium rising to 4.1 mEq/L
C. Magnesium rising to 2.9 mg/dL
D. Phosphorus falling to 2.1 mg/dL - ANSWER D
You receive a provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from 5% dextrose
in 0.45% saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to 5% dextrose in 0.9% saline with 20 mEq
KCl/L. Which serum laboratory values best support the rationale for this IV order
change?
A. Sodium, 136 mEq/L; potassium, 3.6 mEq/L
B. Sodium, 145 mEq/L; potassium, 4.8 mEq/L
C. Sodium, 135 mEq/L; potassium, 4.5 mEq/L
D. Sodium, 144 mEq/L; potassium, 3.7 mEq/L - ANSWER C
Which action is most important for the nurse to take when caring for a patient
with a subclavian triple-lumen catheter?
A. Change the injection cap after the administration of IV medications.
B. Use a 5-mL syringe to flush the catheter between medications and after use.
C. During removal of the catheter, have the patient perform the Valsalva
maneuver.
, D. If resistance is met when flushing, use the push-pause technique to dislodge
the clot. - ANSWER C
A 22-yr-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a stab wound to
the abdomen. The patient's vital signs are blood pressure 82/56 mm Hg, pulse
132 beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min, and temperature 97.9° F (36.6° C).
Which fluid, if ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?
A. 0.45% saline
B. 0.9% saline
C. Packed red blood cells
D. Lactated Ringer's solution - ANSWER A
You are caring for a patient admitted with heart failure. The morning laboratory
results reveal a serum potassium level of 2.9 mEq/L. You should hold a
medication from which classification until you consult with the health care
provider?
A. Antibiotics
B. Loop diuretics
C. Bronchodilators
D. Antihypertensives - ANSWER B
While caring for a patient with metastatic bone cancer, which clinical
manifestations would alert the nurse to the possibility of hypercalcemia in this
patient? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weakness
B. Paresthesia
C. Facial spasms
D. Muscle tremors
E. Depressed reflexes - ANSWER A & E
Which serum potassium result best supports the rationale for administering a
stat dose of IV potassium chloride 20 mEq in 200 mL of normal saline over 2
hours?
A. 3.1 mEq/L
B. 3.5 mEq/L
C. 4.6 mEq/L
D. 5.3 mEq/L - ANSWER A
A patient with dehydration is receiving a hypertonic solution. Which
assessments must be done to avoid adverse risks associated with these
solutions? (Select all that apply.)
A. Lung sounds
B. Bowel sounds
C. Blood pressure
D. Serum sodium level
E. Serum potassium level - ANSWER A, C & D
