Nursing 176
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What is the term for the process of maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
through the balance between nutrient intake, hormone signaling, and glucose
uptake by cells?
Glucose regulation
2. What is the major form of stored glucose, found primarily in the liver and
muscle cells?
Glycogen
3. What is the term for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?
Glycogenolysis
4. What term describes glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone —
hormones that oppose the action of insulin?
Counter-regulatory hormones
5. Which hormone, produced and stored by the pancreas (or taken as
medication), brings blood sugar down?
Insulin
6. What term describes the inability of cells to respond to insulin?
Insulin resistance
7. What is the term for the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?
Gluconeogenesis
,8. What term describes a normal blood sugar level (within normal range)?
Euglycemia
9. What term describes high blood sugar?
Hyperglycemia
10. What term describes low blood sugar?
Hypoglycemia
11. What term describes an abnormality in the metabolism or deposition of fats
(abnormal fatty deposits)?
Lipodystrophy
12. What skin condition — thickening and darkening of skin near the axillary
region/creases, associated with Type II diabetes and gastric carcinoma — is called:
Acanthosis nigricans
13. Name the three classic "poly" symptoms of hyperglycemia (excessive urine,
excessive thirst, excessive hunger).
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
14. Which genetic metabolic disorder is characterized by diabetes, hypertension,
atherosclerosis, centrally distributed obesity, and elevated blood lipids?
Metabolic syndrome (Syndrome X)
15. Which class of medication can increase blood glucose levels even in patients
who are not diabetic?
Steroids (e.g., Prednisone)
16. What are the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, blurred vision, weakness, weight loss,
syncope, fruity breath, Kussmaul breathing, warm/moist skin
17. What term describes abnormal breathing with long, deep respirations
sometimes seen in hyperglycemia/DKA?
Kussmaul breathing
, 18. What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Nausea, nervousness, irritability, diaphoresis, pale cool skin, normal/shallow
respirations, tachycardia, palpitations, slurred speech, headache, blurred vision,
decreasing LOC, seizures leading to coma, change in emotional behavior, difficulty
thinking
19. What are the late signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Confusion, visual disturbances, LOC changes, seizures
20. Which antibody test, glutamic acid decarboxylase, is used to confirm Type 1
diabetes mellitus?
GAD
21. What are the normal HDL ("good cholesterol") values for males and females?
More than 45 mg/dL (male); more than 55 mg/dL (female)
22. What is the target LDL ("bad cholesterol") value?
Lower than 70 (per this set's note)
23. What is the target total cholesterol value?
Less than 200 mg/dL
24. What is the term for an early sign of renal disease involving the presence of
albumin in the urine at levels too low to detect by dipstick testing?
Microalbuminuria
25. Which type of diabetes mellitus is always insulin dependent?
Diabetes mellitus 1 (DM1)
26. Which type of diabetes has no blood sugar test used for confirmation (relies
on antibody testing instead)?
DM1
27. Which nonspecific liver-produced protein becomes elevated during episodes
of acute inflammation or infection?
C-reactive protein
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What is the term for the process of maintaining optimal blood glucose levels
through the balance between nutrient intake, hormone signaling, and glucose
uptake by cells?
Glucose regulation
2. What is the major form of stored glucose, found primarily in the liver and
muscle cells?
Glycogen
3. What is the term for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose?
Glycogenolysis
4. What term describes glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol, and growth hormone —
hormones that oppose the action of insulin?
Counter-regulatory hormones
5. Which hormone, produced and stored by the pancreas (or taken as
medication), brings blood sugar down?
Insulin
6. What term describes the inability of cells to respond to insulin?
Insulin resistance
7. What is the term for the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources?
Gluconeogenesis
,8. What term describes a normal blood sugar level (within normal range)?
Euglycemia
9. What term describes high blood sugar?
Hyperglycemia
10. What term describes low blood sugar?
Hypoglycemia
11. What term describes an abnormality in the metabolism or deposition of fats
(abnormal fatty deposits)?
Lipodystrophy
12. What skin condition — thickening and darkening of skin near the axillary
region/creases, associated with Type II diabetes and gastric carcinoma — is called:
Acanthosis nigricans
13. Name the three classic "poly" symptoms of hyperglycemia (excessive urine,
excessive thirst, excessive hunger).
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
14. Which genetic metabolic disorder is characterized by diabetes, hypertension,
atherosclerosis, centrally distributed obesity, and elevated blood lipids?
Metabolic syndrome (Syndrome X)
15. Which class of medication can increase blood glucose levels even in patients
who are not diabetic?
Steroids (e.g., Prednisone)
16. What are the signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia?
Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, blurred vision, weakness, weight loss,
syncope, fruity breath, Kussmaul breathing, warm/moist skin
17. What term describes abnormal breathing with long, deep respirations
sometimes seen in hyperglycemia/DKA?
Kussmaul breathing
, 18. What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Nausea, nervousness, irritability, diaphoresis, pale cool skin, normal/shallow
respirations, tachycardia, palpitations, slurred speech, headache, blurred vision,
decreasing LOC, seizures leading to coma, change in emotional behavior, difficulty
thinking
19. What are the late signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?
Confusion, visual disturbances, LOC changes, seizures
20. Which antibody test, glutamic acid decarboxylase, is used to confirm Type 1
diabetes mellitus?
GAD
21. What are the normal HDL ("good cholesterol") values for males and females?
More than 45 mg/dL (male); more than 55 mg/dL (female)
22. What is the target LDL ("bad cholesterol") value?
Lower than 70 (per this set's note)
23. What is the target total cholesterol value?
Less than 200 mg/dL
24. What is the term for an early sign of renal disease involving the presence of
albumin in the urine at levels too low to detect by dipstick testing?
Microalbuminuria
25. Which type of diabetes mellitus is always insulin dependent?
Diabetes mellitus 1 (DM1)
26. Which type of diabetes has no blood sugar test used for confirmation (relies
on antibody testing instead)?
DM1
27. Which nonspecific liver-produced protein becomes elevated during episodes
of acute inflammation or infection?
C-reactive protein
