NUR 176 Exam 3
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What are some things that affect cardiac output? - Correct Answer: heart rate
arrythmias
blood volume
contractility of muscle
heart attack
medications
cardiac disease.
2. Amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of diastole, if increased, can cause
increased cardiac output? - Correct Answer: Preload
increased in hypervolemia
regurgitation of cardiac valves
heart failure
3. The amount of pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject the blood volume to
circulation, is determined by pressure in arterial system, decreased with vasodilation,
increased with vasoconstriction is what? - Correct Answer: Afterload
this is increased in
hypertension
vasoconstriction increased afterload= increased cardiac workload.
4. How would a nurse tell what the patient cardiac output is/ what are signs and
symptoms, will the pt perfuse well? - Correct Answer: if your cardiac out is
decreased, you will not perfuse well
-Decreased LOC
, -pt will complain of chest pain
-wet, crackles
-cold, clammy skin
-decreased urinary output.
weak peripheral pulses
arrythmias (NOT a big deal until they affect Cardiac output(co)).
5. What 3 things are ALWAYS a big deal with cardiac output - Correct Answer: Pulseless
ventricular tachycardia
ventricular fibrillation
Asystole
6. What medications are used for preload? - Correct Answer: medications that
vasodilate or diuresis to decrease preload.
ex diuretics-furosemide, spironolactone
ace inhibitors- enalapril, captopril
7. What medications are used for Afterload - Correct Answer: we use medications to
vasodilate to decrease afterload
ARBS valsartan, losartan
nitrates
8. What are some other things that increase preload? - Correct Answer: -Iv fluids
-venous constriction
-lying flat
-more blood volume.
9. Medications that improve contractility? - Correct Answer: inotropes- drugs that alter
the force of heart muscle contractions, either increasing or decreasing cardiac
contractility.
-milrinone, dopamine, dobutamine
, 10. Medications that controls rate for cardiac output? - Correct Answer: -Beta-Blockers:
Propranolol, metoprolol, carvedilol, atenolol.
- calcium channel blockers: diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine, digoxin
11. Beta blockers does what - Correct Answer: slow down your heart rate and relax your
blood vessels.
12. Calcium channel blockers - Correct Answer: Calcium channel blockers are
medications that relax blood vessels and reduce heart workload by limiting calcium
entry into heart and blood vessel cells.
13. What medications control rhtym for cardiac output? - Correct Answer:
antiarrhythmics: amiodarone
14. Normal sinus rhythm has - Correct Answer: P-QRS-T complex
rate- 60-100
rhythm is regular
SA node is still in charge the heart is using the normal pathway.
15. Sinus bradycardia - Correct Answer: has P-QRS-T complex just slower.
rate is less than 60bpm
is Not treated unless pt symptomatic
16. Causes of sinus bradycardia/ symptoms - Correct Answer: medications digoxin,
betablockers
hyperkalemia
vagal simulation, frequently seen in athletes.
s/s- dizzy, syncope, chest pain, hypotension.
17. Sinus tachycardia - Correct Answer: has P-QRS-T complex just faster.
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. What are some things that affect cardiac output? - Correct Answer: heart rate
arrythmias
blood volume
contractility of muscle
heart attack
medications
cardiac disease.
2. Amount of blood remaining in a ventricle at the end of diastole, if increased, can cause
increased cardiac output? - Correct Answer: Preload
increased in hypervolemia
regurgitation of cardiac valves
heart failure
3. The amount of pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject the blood volume to
circulation, is determined by pressure in arterial system, decreased with vasodilation,
increased with vasoconstriction is what? - Correct Answer: Afterload
this is increased in
hypertension
vasoconstriction increased afterload= increased cardiac workload.
4. How would a nurse tell what the patient cardiac output is/ what are signs and
symptoms, will the pt perfuse well? - Correct Answer: if your cardiac out is
decreased, you will not perfuse well
-Decreased LOC
, -pt will complain of chest pain
-wet, crackles
-cold, clammy skin
-decreased urinary output.
weak peripheral pulses
arrythmias (NOT a big deal until they affect Cardiac output(co)).
5. What 3 things are ALWAYS a big deal with cardiac output - Correct Answer: Pulseless
ventricular tachycardia
ventricular fibrillation
Asystole
6. What medications are used for preload? - Correct Answer: medications that
vasodilate or diuresis to decrease preload.
ex diuretics-furosemide, spironolactone
ace inhibitors- enalapril, captopril
7. What medications are used for Afterload - Correct Answer: we use medications to
vasodilate to decrease afterload
ARBS valsartan, losartan
nitrates
8. What are some other things that increase preload? - Correct Answer: -Iv fluids
-venous constriction
-lying flat
-more blood volume.
9. Medications that improve contractility? - Correct Answer: inotropes- drugs that alter
the force of heart muscle contractions, either increasing or decreasing cardiac
contractility.
-milrinone, dopamine, dobutamine
, 10. Medications that controls rate for cardiac output? - Correct Answer: -Beta-Blockers:
Propranolol, metoprolol, carvedilol, atenolol.
- calcium channel blockers: diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine, digoxin
11. Beta blockers does what - Correct Answer: slow down your heart rate and relax your
blood vessels.
12. Calcium channel blockers - Correct Answer: Calcium channel blockers are
medications that relax blood vessels and reduce heart workload by limiting calcium
entry into heart and blood vessel cells.
13. What medications control rhtym for cardiac output? - Correct Answer:
antiarrhythmics: amiodarone
14. Normal sinus rhythm has - Correct Answer: P-QRS-T complex
rate- 60-100
rhythm is regular
SA node is still in charge the heart is using the normal pathway.
15. Sinus bradycardia - Correct Answer: has P-QRS-T complex just slower.
rate is less than 60bpm
is Not treated unless pt symptomatic
16. Causes of sinus bradycardia/ symptoms - Correct Answer: medications digoxin,
betablockers
hyperkalemia
vagal simulation, frequently seen in athletes.
s/s- dizzy, syncope, chest pain, hypotension.
17. Sinus tachycardia - Correct Answer: has P-QRS-T complex just faster.
