NSG 522 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

NSG 522 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
Epidemiology is defined as?
Answer:
The STUDY of the DISTRIBUTION and DETERMI- NANTS of HEALTH-RELATED STATES
OR EVENTS in specified POPULATIONS and the application of this knowledge to the
CONTROL OF HEALTH PROBLEMS

Question:
What are the core Epidemiological Functions?
Answer:
Surveillance Field Investigations Analytic Studies Evaluation Linkages Policy

Question:
What type of science is Epidemiology?
Answer:
Quantitative

Question:
What does measurement focus on in Epidemiology?
Answer:
Distribution and Determinants of health-related states and events

Question:
What can be said about the nature of epidemiology?
Answer:
Epidemiology is a story about health related states and events supported by data.

Question:
5 W's of Epidemiology?
Answer:
What When Where Who Why

Question:
What are the two components of Epidemiology?
Answer:
Analytic and Descriptive

Question:
Descriptive Epidemiology Describes which elements?
Answer:
WHEN, WHERE, WHO Time, Place, Person

,Question:
Which elements does Descriptive Epidemiology study?
Answer:
The DISTRIBUTION, FREQUENCY, and PATTERN of health related states and events

Question:
Analytic Epidemiology describes which elements?
Answer:
WHY AND HOW

Question:
Analytic Epidemiology studies the?
Answer:
Determinants of health-related events. The WHY, the Causes

Question:
What are the four general categories to Determinants of Health?
Answer:
Biological, Environmental, Social, Health Behaviors

Question:
What makes up the social determinants of health?
Answer:
Economic Stability, Neighborhood/Built Environment, Health/Health Care,
Social/Community Context, Education

Question:
What are examples of Health Behaviors?
Answer:
Nutrition, Physical Activity, Rest/Relaxation, Tobacco Use, Alcohol use, Illicit substance
use, immunizations.

Question:
Describe Multi-causality
Answer:
Etiology of all diseases is multifactoral.

Question:
What is the 'Causal Pie' Model made up of?
Answer:
Causative agent or event, characteristics of the person, characteristics of the
environment, presence of preventative factors, action of catalysts or additive factors,
mediating and moderating factors, interaction between the factors.

, Question:
What does the Bradford Hill Criteria for Causation tell us?
Answer:
Several criteria are listed that help us determine if causal association is reasonable.

Question:
What does the Bradford Hill Criteria for causation not tell us?
Answer:
Statistical or clinical significance.

Question:
Occurrence of disease can be understood using which 3 models?
Answer:
Epidemiological Triad or Triangle, BEINGS Model, Web of causation.

Question:
What three aspects make up the Epidemiological Triad/Triangle?
Answer:
Agent, Host, Environment

Question:
acronmyn BEINGS Model of Disease Causation, what does it mean?
Answer:
Biological, Behavioral Environmental Immunological Nutritional Genetic Services,
Social, Spiritual

Question:
What does the Web of Causation tell us?
Answer:
There are many different factors that make up chronic diseases and negative health
conditions. Risk factors do not guarantee someone will get a disease.

Question:
What does Spectrum of Disease describe?
Answer:
The Severity of Disease

Question:
the severity of disease can vary from?
Answer:
Mild to fatal

Question:
What does the natural history of disease describe?
Answer:
The progression of the disease process over time in an untreated individual. Describes
the STAGES of Disease