Renal Physiology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvp3cr
1. What are the major renal 1. Regulation of water and electrolyte balances
functions? 2. Regulation of arterial pressure
3. Regulation of acid-base balance
4. Erythrocyte production
5. Secretion, metabolism, and excretion of hormones
2. How do the kidneys regulate By secreting erythropoietin
erythrocyte production?
3. Surgical stress, ischemia, Vasoconstrictor system
and sepsis can activate
which system?
4. What is the primary function They are salt-retaining systems
of vasoconstrictor systems?
5. Hypervolemia can activate Vasodilation system
which system?
6. What is the primary function They are salt-losing systems
of vasodilator systems?
7. Do the following cause vaso- 1. Dopamine ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
constriction with salt re-
absorption or vasodilation 2. Catecholamines ’Vasoconstriction & salt reabsorption
with salt excretion:
3. Prostaglandins ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
1. Dopamine
2. Catecholamines
4. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) ’Vasoconstric-
3. Prostaglandins
tion & salt reabsorption
4. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldos-
terone System (RAAS) 5. Vasopressin ’Vasoconstriction & salt reabsorption
5. Vasopressin
6. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
, Renal Physiology
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6. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
(ANP)
8. Normal laboratory values: 1. Calcium ’8.6-10.5 mg/dL
1. Calcium 2. Magnesium ’1.6-2.6 mg/dL
2. Magnesium 3. Phosphate ’2.5-4.5 mg/dL
3. Phosphate
9. Two types of nephrons 1. Cortical
2. Juxtamedullary
10. Blood flow starting from the Renal Artery/Vein ’Interlobar Arteries/Veins ’Arcuate Arter-
renal artery + vein ies/Veins
11. True or false: Renal arteries True
and veins are highly variable
in anatomy, which can affect
surgical procedures
12. What percentage of CO is di- 20%
rected to renal blood flow? ’~ 1 L/min
How much in L/min?
13. What is the functional unit of Nephron
the kidney?
14. 1. About how many 1. 1,000,000
nephrons does each kidney 2. Gradually decrease with age
contain?
2. What happens to the
number of nephrons over
time?
15. Glomerulus
, Renal Physiology
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A tuft of capillaries with a
large surface area for filtra-
tion
16. What structure encases the Bowman's capsule
glomerulus?
17. Where does the filtered fluid 1. Glomerulus
go after entering Bowman's
capsule? 2. Bowman's capsule
3. Proximal tubule
4. Loop of Henle
’Thin descending tubule
’Thin ascending tubule
’Thick ascending tubule
5. Distal tubule
6. Cortical collecting tubule
7. Medullary collecting tubule
8. Collecting duct
18. What is the renal corpuscle? Glomerulus + Bowman's capsule
19. What structure sur- Vasa recta: A network of capillaries
rounds the juxtamedullary
nephrons' loop of Henle in Function: Stave off hypovolemia by holding onto blood
the medulla? Function?
20. Juxtamedullary nephrons
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvp3cr
1. What are the major renal 1. Regulation of water and electrolyte balances
functions? 2. Regulation of arterial pressure
3. Regulation of acid-base balance
4. Erythrocyte production
5. Secretion, metabolism, and excretion of hormones
2. How do the kidneys regulate By secreting erythropoietin
erythrocyte production?
3. Surgical stress, ischemia, Vasoconstrictor system
and sepsis can activate
which system?
4. What is the primary function They are salt-retaining systems
of vasoconstrictor systems?
5. Hypervolemia can activate Vasodilation system
which system?
6. What is the primary function They are salt-losing systems
of vasodilator systems?
7. Do the following cause vaso- 1. Dopamine ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
constriction with salt re-
absorption or vasodilation 2. Catecholamines ’Vasoconstriction & salt reabsorption
with salt excretion:
3. Prostaglandins ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
1. Dopamine
2. Catecholamines
4. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) ’Vasoconstric-
3. Prostaglandins
tion & salt reabsorption
4. Renin-Angiotensin-Aldos-
terone System (RAAS) 5. Vasopressin ’Vasoconstriction & salt reabsorption
5. Vasopressin
6. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) ’Vasodilation & salt excretion
, Renal Physiology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvp3cr
6. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
(ANP)
8. Normal laboratory values: 1. Calcium ’8.6-10.5 mg/dL
1. Calcium 2. Magnesium ’1.6-2.6 mg/dL
2. Magnesium 3. Phosphate ’2.5-4.5 mg/dL
3. Phosphate
9. Two types of nephrons 1. Cortical
2. Juxtamedullary
10. Blood flow starting from the Renal Artery/Vein ’Interlobar Arteries/Veins ’Arcuate Arter-
renal artery + vein ies/Veins
11. True or false: Renal arteries True
and veins are highly variable
in anatomy, which can affect
surgical procedures
12. What percentage of CO is di- 20%
rected to renal blood flow? ’~ 1 L/min
How much in L/min?
13. What is the functional unit of Nephron
the kidney?
14. 1. About how many 1. 1,000,000
nephrons does each kidney 2. Gradually decrease with age
contain?
2. What happens to the
number of nephrons over
time?
15. Glomerulus
, Renal Physiology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvp3cr
A tuft of capillaries with a
large surface area for filtra-
tion
16. What structure encases the Bowman's capsule
glomerulus?
17. Where does the filtered fluid 1. Glomerulus
go after entering Bowman's
capsule? 2. Bowman's capsule
3. Proximal tubule
4. Loop of Henle
’Thin descending tubule
’Thin ascending tubule
’Thick ascending tubule
5. Distal tubule
6. Cortical collecting tubule
7. Medullary collecting tubule
8. Collecting duct
18. What is the renal corpuscle? Glomerulus + Bowman's capsule
19. What structure sur- Vasa recta: A network of capillaries
rounds the juxtamedullary
nephrons' loop of Henle in Function: Stave off hypovolemia by holding onto blood
the medulla? Function?
20. Juxtamedullary nephrons
