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1. D Which of the following statements describe truncus arteriosus?
A. The pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle, and the aorta stems from the
right ventricle.
B. A large VSD allows total mixing of blood from the two ventricles.
C. If SVR decreases relative to PVR, blood flow will be shunted from right to left,
bypassing the lungs. D. All of the above
2. B 2. What factor is responsible for closure of the foramen ovale?
A. Increased PaO2
B. Increased pressure on the left side of the heart
C. Blood flowing through the lungs
D. High pulmonary vascular resistance
3. C 3. What is the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among infants
born at less than 28 weeks of gestation?
A. 30% to 40%
B. 40% to 50%
C. 60% to 80%
D. >80%
4. D 4. What radiographic features is the therapist likely to see on a typical chest X-ray
of an infant with MAS?
A. Ground-glass appearance
B. Complete whiteout C. Decreased lung volume
D. Patchy areas of atelectasis
5. D 5. The therapist is treating a child with TOF who appears to be having a "tet" spell.
What should the therapist suggest to treat this event?
A. Beta blockers
B. Knee-chest position to increase SVR
C. Morphine sulfate
D. All of the above
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6. A 6. The therapist is setting pulse oximetry to determine the presence of right-to-left
shunt in an infant suspected of having a heart defect. Where should the therapist
place the pulse ox probe to obtain the most accurate measure of preductal oxygen
saturation?
A. Any finger of the right hand
B. Any finger of the left hand
C. Left earlobe
D. Lower extremities
7. D 7. Which of the following physiologic mechanisms need to be in place to en-
sure adequate systemic perfusion in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
(HLHS)?
A. Presence of an ASD
B. Presence of a mitral regurgitation
C. Adequate left atrial function
D. Presence of a PDA
8. A 8. Blood samples are simultaneously obtained from both the right radial artery and
the umbilical artery, and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) value from
the right radial artery is 20 mm Hg greater than that analyzed from the umbilical
artery sample. On the basis of this finding, which of the following conditions does
the neonate likely have?
A. PPHN
B. MAS
C. Neonatal pneumonia
D. RDS
9. B 9. What ventilator settings should a therapist select for a newborn with respiratory
distress syndrome?
A. PIP 25-30 cm H2O B. PEEP 3-6 cm H2O
C. VT 5-6 mL/kg
D. Frequency 60 breaths per minute
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10. C 10. Why does meconium staining occur predominantly in infants older than 36
weeks of gestational age?
A. Because these infants can generate strong inspiratory efforts
B. Because infants this age have significant cardiac outputs
C. Because these infants demonstrate strong peristalsis
D. Because these newborns have weak anal sphincter tone
11. B 11. Which of the following clinical manifestations is consistent with an atrial septal
defect (ASD)?
A. An ASD often causes congestive heart failure (because of decreased pulmonary
blood flow).
B. The right ventricle may become hypertrophic (right ventricular hypertrophy).
C. Most patients with an ASD are symptomatic in the neonatal intensive care unit,
presenting with right atrial enlargement.
D. Chest radiographs are usually abnormal.
12. A 12. What is the typical type of airway obstruction that occurs with MAS?
A. Ball valve
B. Complete
C. No obstruction
D. Airway inflammation
13. B 13. How should the therapist interpret a preductal-to-postductal PaO2 difference
of 8 mm Hg in a neonate?
A. Unreliable data
B. Absence of ductal shunting
C. Presence of ductal shunting
D. Inconclusive data
14. A 14. Which of the following congenital cardiac anomalies is classified as conotrun-
cal, associated with a "boot-shaped" appearance of the heart?
A. Tetralogy of Fallot
B. Transposition of the great vessels
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwpcld
1. D Which of the following statements describe truncus arteriosus?
A. The pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle, and the aorta stems from the
right ventricle.
B. A large VSD allows total mixing of blood from the two ventricles.
C. If SVR decreases relative to PVR, blood flow will be shunted from right to left,
bypassing the lungs. D. All of the above
2. B 2. What factor is responsible for closure of the foramen ovale?
A. Increased PaO2
B. Increased pressure on the left side of the heart
C. Blood flowing through the lungs
D. High pulmonary vascular resistance
3. C 3. What is the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among infants
born at less than 28 weeks of gestation?
A. 30% to 40%
B. 40% to 50%
C. 60% to 80%
D. >80%
4. D 4. What radiographic features is the therapist likely to see on a typical chest X-ray
of an infant with MAS?
A. Ground-glass appearance
B. Complete whiteout C. Decreased lung volume
D. Patchy areas of atelectasis
5. D 5. The therapist is treating a child with TOF who appears to be having a "tet" spell.
What should the therapist suggest to treat this event?
A. Beta blockers
B. Knee-chest position to increase SVR
C. Morphine sulfate
D. All of the above
, NEO PEDIA TEST BANKS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwpcld
6. A 6. The therapist is setting pulse oximetry to determine the presence of right-to-left
shunt in an infant suspected of having a heart defect. Where should the therapist
place the pulse ox probe to obtain the most accurate measure of preductal oxygen
saturation?
A. Any finger of the right hand
B. Any finger of the left hand
C. Left earlobe
D. Lower extremities
7. D 7. Which of the following physiologic mechanisms need to be in place to en-
sure adequate systemic perfusion in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome
(HLHS)?
A. Presence of an ASD
B. Presence of a mitral regurgitation
C. Adequate left atrial function
D. Presence of a PDA
8. A 8. Blood samples are simultaneously obtained from both the right radial artery and
the umbilical artery, and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) value from
the right radial artery is 20 mm Hg greater than that analyzed from the umbilical
artery sample. On the basis of this finding, which of the following conditions does
the neonate likely have?
A. PPHN
B. MAS
C. Neonatal pneumonia
D. RDS
9. B 9. What ventilator settings should a therapist select for a newborn with respiratory
distress syndrome?
A. PIP 25-30 cm H2O B. PEEP 3-6 cm H2O
C. VT 5-6 mL/kg
D. Frequency 60 breaths per minute
, NEO PEDIA TEST BANKS
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cwpcld
10. C 10. Why does meconium staining occur predominantly in infants older than 36
weeks of gestational age?
A. Because these infants can generate strong inspiratory efforts
B. Because infants this age have significant cardiac outputs
C. Because these infants demonstrate strong peristalsis
D. Because these newborns have weak anal sphincter tone
11. B 11. Which of the following clinical manifestations is consistent with an atrial septal
defect (ASD)?
A. An ASD often causes congestive heart failure (because of decreased pulmonary
blood flow).
B. The right ventricle may become hypertrophic (right ventricular hypertrophy).
C. Most patients with an ASD are symptomatic in the neonatal intensive care unit,
presenting with right atrial enlargement.
D. Chest radiographs are usually abnormal.
12. A 12. What is the typical type of airway obstruction that occurs with MAS?
A. Ball valve
B. Complete
C. No obstruction
D. Airway inflammation
13. B 13. How should the therapist interpret a preductal-to-postductal PaO2 difference
of 8 mm Hg in a neonate?
A. Unreliable data
B. Absence of ductal shunting
C. Presence of ductal shunting
D. Inconclusive data
14. A 14. Which of the following congenital cardiac anomalies is classified as conotrun-
cal, associated with a "boot-shaped" appearance of the heart?
A. Tetralogy of Fallot
B. Transposition of the great vessels
