Nursing Care and Pathophysiology of ARF, ARDS, SARS- Exam Questions
with Correct Answers
Question 1:
What are the two main jobs of oxygenation and gas exchange?
Answer:
Oxygenation: Getting oxygen (O2) from the air into the blood; Gas Exchange: Getting carbon
dioxide (CO2) out of the blood and into the air.
Question 2:
What is Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF)?
Answer:
ARF is when the body fails at one or both jobs of oxygenation and gas exchange.
Question 3:
What is a key consideration for older adult clients regarding lung function?
Answer:
Older adults have decreased pulmonary reserves, less elastic lungs, and thicker alveoli, making
them more susceptible to rapid decompensation.
Question 4:
What are the two types of Acute Respiratory Failure?
Answer:
Oxygenation Failure (Type 1) and Ventilatory Failure (Type 2).
Question 5:
What characterizes Oxygenation Failure (Type 1)?
Answer:
The lungs are unable to pick up O2 due to conditions like pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or
pulmonary embolism.
, Question 6:
What are the risk factors for Oxygenation Failure?
Answer:
Conditions that damage lung tissue such as
Question 7:
What are some causes of Ventilatory Failure?
Answer:
COPD, asthma, neuromuscular disorders, opioid overdose, head injury, and stroke.
Question 8:
What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Answer:
ARDS is a catastrophic inflammatory reaction in the lungs resulting from a massive insult like
sepsis or trauma.
Question 9:
What happens to the alveoli in ARDS?
Answer:
The alveoli fill with fluid, protein, and debris, making gas exchange impossible.
Question 10:
What is the primary cause of ARDS?
Answer:
Sepsis is the number one cause of ARDS.
Question 11:
What are common cues of Acute Respiratory Failure?
Answer:
Restlessness, irritability, agitation, confusion, dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, and use of
accessory muscles.
with Correct Answers
Question 1:
What are the two main jobs of oxygenation and gas exchange?
Answer:
Oxygenation: Getting oxygen (O2) from the air into the blood; Gas Exchange: Getting carbon
dioxide (CO2) out of the blood and into the air.
Question 2:
What is Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF)?
Answer:
ARF is when the body fails at one or both jobs of oxygenation and gas exchange.
Question 3:
What is a key consideration for older adult clients regarding lung function?
Answer:
Older adults have decreased pulmonary reserves, less elastic lungs, and thicker alveoli, making
them more susceptible to rapid decompensation.
Question 4:
What are the two types of Acute Respiratory Failure?
Answer:
Oxygenation Failure (Type 1) and Ventilatory Failure (Type 2).
Question 5:
What characterizes Oxygenation Failure (Type 1)?
Answer:
The lungs are unable to pick up O2 due to conditions like pneumonia, pulmonary edema, or
pulmonary embolism.
, Question 6:
What are the risk factors for Oxygenation Failure?
Answer:
Conditions that damage lung tissue such as
Question 7:
What are some causes of Ventilatory Failure?
Answer:
COPD, asthma, neuromuscular disorders, opioid overdose, head injury, and stroke.
Question 8:
What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Answer:
ARDS is a catastrophic inflammatory reaction in the lungs resulting from a massive insult like
sepsis or trauma.
Question 9:
What happens to the alveoli in ARDS?
Answer:
The alveoli fill with fluid, protein, and debris, making gas exchange impossible.
Question 10:
What is the primary cause of ARDS?
Answer:
Sepsis is the number one cause of ARDS.
Question 11:
What are common cues of Acute Respiratory Failure?
Answer:
Restlessness, irritability, agitation, confusion, dyspnea, orthopnea, tachycardia, and use of
accessory muscles.
