APHY 102 Super Exam 3 (2026) – Nutrition and Metabolism Final Questions and Answers

Aphy 102 Super Exam 3 Nutrition and
Metabolic Final Questions and Answers
2026

(#1) Main parts of the nephron

Kidney contains about 1 million nephrons. It consistss of renal ______, renal ______,
and ____ duct. - CORRECT ANSWER-Renal Corpuscle
- Glomerulus
- Glomerular capsule

Renal tube
- Proximal convulted tubule
- Descending limb of nephron loop
- Ascending imb of nephron loop
- Distal convoluted tubule

Collecting duct

(#1) Renal Corpuscle contains filtering units composed of tangled clusters of blood
capillaries called _____. Also contains a surrounding thin-walled sac-like structure
called _____(___) capsule - CORRECT ANSWER-Glomerulus
Glomerular (Bowman's)

(#1) Renal corpuscle consists of Glomerulus what is it and what is the function of this?

- a knot of ____
-very _____
-Filtration due to ____ ____
-Filtrates not urine yet anything but _____,___, and large

function - Filtration of ___ and dissolved substances from the ____ - CORRECT
ANSWER-capillaries
permeable
bp

rbc wbc
proteins

,water m
mplasma m
m

(#1) mrenal mcorpuscle mconsists mof mGlomerular m(bowman's) mcapsule mwhich mis ma m_____-
____ m
m
sac-like
mstructure. m
m
m
Surround
m____


____/____
mcomponent m
m

afferent marterioles mgive mrise mto mthese mcapillaries mwhich mlead mto m_____ marterioles. m m
m

function m- mReceives mthe m____ mfiltrate m- mCORRECT mANSWER-thin-
walleed
m
glomerulus
mm
visceral/parietal
m

efferent m m
m

glomerular m
m

(#1) mrenal mtube mconsists mof m m
m

-m
-m
-m
- - mCORRECT mANSWER--Proximal mconvoluted mtubule m
-descending mlimb mof mnephron mloop m
- Ascending mlimb mof mnephron mloop m
-Distal mconvoluted mtubule m
m

(#1) mFiltered mfluid menter mthe mrenal mtube mwhich mlead maway mfrom mthe mglomerular
mcapsule mand mbecomes mhighly mcoils mportion mcalled m____ m______ m_____. mFollowing mit

mis mthe m_____ m____ maka mloop mof m_____. mThe mproximal mconvoluted mtubule mtips mtoward

mthe mrenal mpelvis mto mbecome mthe m_____ m_____ mof mthe mnephron mloop. mThe mtubule

mcurves mback mtoward mit mrenal mcorpuscle mand mforms mthe m______ m______ mof mthe

mnephron mloop. mThe mascneding mlimb mreturn mtoward mits mrenal mcorpuscle mof morgin, mwher

meit mbecome mthe m___ m___ m___. mThis mdistal mportion mis mshorter mand msomewhat mless

mcoiled mthan mproximal mtube. mFluid mfrom mthe mdistal mconvoluted mtubule mmerge min mthe

mrenal mcortex mto mform m____ m____ m. m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Proximal mconvoluted

mtubule m m

nephron mlook maka mloop mof mhenle m
m

,descending mlimb
mascending mlimb m m

distal mconsulted mtubule m m
m

collecting mducts m
m

(#1)Proximal mconvoluted mtubule m- mCORRECT mANSWER--Reabsorption mof
mglucose
m
amino
macids
mm
creatine
lactic m
mcitric m m

uric m mascorbic
macids

mphosphate m

sulfate m
mcalcium m

mpotassium m

sodium mion mby mactive mtransport m m
m

- mRe-absorption mof mproteins mby mendocytosis m m
m

-Re mabsorption mof mwater mby mosmosis m m
m

- mRe mabsorption mof mchloride mions mand mother mnegatively mcharges mions mby
melectrochemical m
mm
attraction
m

- mActive msecretion mof msubstances msuch mas mpenicillin mhistamine, mcreatinine, mand
mhydrogen m
m
ions
m

(#1)Descending mlimb mof mnephron mloop mfunction m
m

reabsorption mof m___ mby m___ m- mCORRECT mANSWER-reabsorption mof mwater mby
mosmosis m
m

(#1)Ascending mlimb mof mnephron mloop mfunction m
m

reabsorption mof m___, mchloride, mand m___ mions mby m___ mtransport m- mCORRECT
mANSWER-
m
Reabsorption mof msodium, mchloride, mand mpotassium mions mby mactive
mtransport
m

(#1)Distal mconvoluted mtubule mfunction m
m

reabsorption mof m___ mions mby m___ mtransport m m
m

reabsorption mof m___ mby m____ m

, m

active msecretion mof m___ mions m m
m

secretions mof mpotassium mion mboth mactively mand mby melectrochemical mattraction m-
mCORRECT m
mm
ANSWER-Re-absorption mof msodium mions mby mactive
mtransport
m

re-absorption mof mwater mby mosmosis m m
m

active msecretion mof mhydrogen mions m
m

secretion mof mpotassium mion mboth mactively mand mby melectrochemical mattraction
m(#1)Collecting mduct mfunction m- mCORRECT mANSWER-Reabsorption mof mwater mby

mosmosis m
m

Corticle mnephrons mcharacteristics m
m

___ mnephrons m m
m

__ mnephrons min mthe m___ m
m

short mloops mthat mextend monly mpat mway minto mthe mrenal m___ m- mCORRECT mANSWER-
most m
mm
nephrons
m
most mnephrons min mthe
mcortex
m
short mloops mthat mextend monly mpart mway minto mthe mrenal
mmedulla
m

Juxamedullary mnephrons m
m

-m
- most mof mthe mnephron mis min mthe m___ mbut mthe mloop mof mhenle mgoes mvery mdeeply minto
mthe m___ m

- significance? m- mCORRECT mANSWER-1. mFewer mnephrons m(20%) m
2. Most mof mthe mnephron mis min mthe mcortex mbut mthe mloop m(of mHenle) mgoes mvery mdeeply
minto mthe mmedulla m

3. Significance? m- mregulating mwater mbalance? m
m

(#2) mHow mis murine mformed? mWhat mare mthe m3 mprocesses? m(Main mfunction mof
mkidneys) m-
mm
CORRECT mANSWER-Glomerular

mfiltration
m

Tubular mreabsorption m m
m

Tubular msecretion m
m

(#2) mGlomerular mfiltration m
m