CMN 552 UNIT 3 CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ 3 Levels of Culture (Purnell)
Answer: - Tertiary: visible to outsiders; seen, worn
- Secondary: known only to members; behaviors
- Primary: known and observed by all; implicit, deepest level
◉ Ethnicity
Answer: - A culturally constructed group identity used to define
people and communities (DSM-V)
- Self identified race, tribe, or nation with which a person or group
identifies and greatly influences beliefs and behaviors (PMHNP)
◉ Culture in the Cultural Formation Interview refers to...
Answer: - Process by which individuals assign meaning to
experience
- Aspects of an individuals background and current social context
that affect their perspective
- Influence of family, friends, or community on the illness experience
,- Cultural background of health care providers
◉ Components of Culture
Answer: - Cultural identity of the individual
- Cultural concepts of distress
- Cultural features of vulnerability and resilience
- Cultural features of relationship between individual, clinical,
treatment team and institution
◉ Culture Syndromes
Answer: Concepts of distress within a culture that have a specific
clinical presentation and are bound to a cultural idiom
◉ Discuss the relationship between race and physiognomy
Answer: - Race is a concept by which human beings are grouped
primarily by physiognomy
- The scientific validity of this is highly questioned
- Refers to physical, biologic, and genetic characteristics (<1% of
total genetics)
◉ What factors comprise cultural identity?
Answer: - Identification as a member of defined groups
- Self identification may be different than ascribed
, - Influences social interaction, resource access
- Everyone has multiple cultural identities and these can change over
time
◉ Three concepts that assist in a culturally competent evaluation.
Answer: - Communication: low context (western, explicit) vs high
context (indirect, implied)
- Empathetic understanding
- Rapport
◉ Differentiate the potential outcomes of acculturative stress.
Answer: - Rejection/Separation: maintain own cultural identity
- Integration: maintain own culture while incorporating other
culture to also feel a member of that group (best mental health
outcomes)
- Assimilation: giving up own culture in favor of another
- Marginalization: progressive loss of own culture while also
rejecting other cultural group
◉ Describe the cultural effects on mental status exam findings
Answer: - Varied standards for dress, grooming, facial expressions,
body movements
- Varied meaning of hallucinations, speech and thought
disturbances, affect
EVALUATION 2026 STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ 3 Levels of Culture (Purnell)
Answer: - Tertiary: visible to outsiders; seen, worn
- Secondary: known only to members; behaviors
- Primary: known and observed by all; implicit, deepest level
◉ Ethnicity
Answer: - A culturally constructed group identity used to define
people and communities (DSM-V)
- Self identified race, tribe, or nation with which a person or group
identifies and greatly influences beliefs and behaviors (PMHNP)
◉ Culture in the Cultural Formation Interview refers to...
Answer: - Process by which individuals assign meaning to
experience
- Aspects of an individuals background and current social context
that affect their perspective
- Influence of family, friends, or community on the illness experience
,- Cultural background of health care providers
◉ Components of Culture
Answer: - Cultural identity of the individual
- Cultural concepts of distress
- Cultural features of vulnerability and resilience
- Cultural features of relationship between individual, clinical,
treatment team and institution
◉ Culture Syndromes
Answer: Concepts of distress within a culture that have a specific
clinical presentation and are bound to a cultural idiom
◉ Discuss the relationship between race and physiognomy
Answer: - Race is a concept by which human beings are grouped
primarily by physiognomy
- The scientific validity of this is highly questioned
- Refers to physical, biologic, and genetic characteristics (<1% of
total genetics)
◉ What factors comprise cultural identity?
Answer: - Identification as a member of defined groups
- Self identification may be different than ascribed
, - Influences social interaction, resource access
- Everyone has multiple cultural identities and these can change over
time
◉ Three concepts that assist in a culturally competent evaluation.
Answer: - Communication: low context (western, explicit) vs high
context (indirect, implied)
- Empathetic understanding
- Rapport
◉ Differentiate the potential outcomes of acculturative stress.
Answer: - Rejection/Separation: maintain own cultural identity
- Integration: maintain own culture while incorporating other
culture to also feel a member of that group (best mental health
outcomes)
- Assimilation: giving up own culture in favor of another
- Marginalization: progressive loss of own culture while also
rejecting other cultural group
◉ Describe the cultural effects on mental status exam findings
Answer: - Varied standards for dress, grooming, facial expressions,
body movements
- Varied meaning of hallucinations, speech and thought
disturbances, affect
