AVIT 309 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

AVIT 309 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 What is the primary purpose of pressurization? - Answers To protect occupants from hypoxia and DCS What are the two types of pressurization systems? - Answers Sealed cabins and pressurized cabins What are the two pressurized cabin schedules? - Answers Isobaric control and isobaric differential True or false - a pilot never has to wear an oxygen mask if the cabin is pressurized? - Answers False What physiological issues are minimized when using pressurization? - Answers Hypoxia, Trapped gas, Evolved gas, Fatigue, Thermal stress, Noise and Vibration What makes an aircraft susceptible to decompressions? - Answers Improper inspections and maintenance, age and cycles of aircraft, higher differentials What are the three types of decompressions? - Answers Slow Rapid Explosive Which type of decompression has caused the most fatalities in recent history? - Answers Slow What is arguably the most reliable "alarm" for slow decompressions? - Answers The popping and clicking of the ears on ascent What is normally the most prolific sign of rapid decompressions? - Answers Explosive noise What is a pilot's most immediate need following a decompression? - Answers 100% oxygen According to FAA regulations, a quick-don oxygen mask should be able to be donned, sealed and properly configured with one hand in how many seconds? - Answers Five seconds What is one of the main problems in self-identifying fatigue in oneself? - Answers No biomarkers What are the three types of fatigue? - Answers Transient Cumulative Circadian What is the problem with instrument scanning when affected by channelized attention? - Answers Scan discipline breaks down What stages of sleep are the most refreshing for humans? - Answers Stage I and REM What is one of the main intellectual markers of fatigue in yourself? - Answers Distraction Based on studies, what is the percentage of professional pilots who have had to cope with fatigue? - Answers 85-92% What percentage of pilots who experienced fatigue-related problems in flight actually filed reports? - Answers 20% With regards to circadian rhythms, what are the two periods of maximum sleepiness called? - Answers Windows of circadian lows (WOCL) How many milligrams of caffeine per day is considered relatively harmless? - Answers Less than 500 mg How much caffeine should be consumed every two-three hours for maximum effectiveness? - Answers 100-150 mg NASA research indicates stress negatively affects core cognitive mechanisms of ________________ and ________________. - Answers Attention and Memory What are the three recognized types of stress? - Answers Physical Physiological Physchological True or false: Hypoxia may be a physiological stressor - Answers True True or false: Boredom may be a psychological stressor - Answers True True or false: Stress may be good for maximum performance - Answers True What are examples of self-imposed stressors? - Answers Alcohol, drugs, tobacco, circadian rhythm What are the four phases of decreasing the effects of stress on team performance? - Answers Academic Procedure refinement Cross-training Practical training What is considered the most important component of individual stress management? - Answers Resilience What are the four core components of individual resilience-building characteristics? - Answers Connection Wellness Healthy thinking Meaning What are environmental factors to consider when calculating the effects of thermal stress? - Answers Temperature, wind, water (precipitation) What do the acute effects of thermal stress include? - Answers Perceptual, physical, environmnetal What percentage of expended energy actually goes towards performing the actual work? - Answers 25% What are the three heat transfer mechanisms? - Answers Conduction Convection Radiation What is our average body core temperature range? - Answers 95-103.9 degrees At what core body temperature may organ damage and loss of neural function occur? - Answers 104 degrees An elevation in one's core body temperature in an effort to destroy a viral species is known as a ________. - Answers Fever What do humans suffer from when they enter a deficit of bodily fluids? - Answers Dehydration Under the right environmental conditions, humans may become dehydrated in as fast as ______ minutes. - Answers 30 What is the body's primary intial response to cold environmental exposure? - Answers Vasoconstriction What are the three methods humans generate heat? - Answers Metabolic Shivering Physical activity Hypothermia occurs when core body temperature drops below _______ degrees F. - Answers 95 How fast could a human become frostbitten at a temperature of -25 degrees F with 20 mph winds? - Answers 10 minutes or less What is the most important component in successful mitigation of survival situations? - Answers Mental state/attitude Can one's fear help in survival situations? - Answers Yes Why is panic worse than fear? - Answers Panic leads to irrational decisions What is paramount in preparing for the elements? - Answers Knowledge of thermal preparation With regards to survival travel, what is the best option? - Answers Stay with the vehicle How long may one last without water? - Answers 3 days How long may one last without food? - Answers 3 weeks What is considered one's best option for neutralizing a survival situation? - Answers Signaling What is one first layer of shelter protection? - Answers Clothing What can a pilot do to provide the quickest and most accurate opportunity for rescue crews to find a downed pilot? - Answers File a flight plan Extensive research has shown optimized diet and exercise programs provide major __________ benefits. - Answers Medicinal What are the three behaviors responsible for the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases in the world today? - Answers Smoking, Unhealthy diet, Physical inactivity Practicing adequate ____________ ensures the food one eats will be safe - Answers Food hygiene Aerobic exercise targets the __________________ system of the body - Answers Cardiovascular Anaerobic exercise targets the __________________ system of the body - Answers Musculoskeletal A pilot falsifying their medical application may be fined up to ___________________. - Answers $250k Which of the following factors could personally affect your respiration rate? - Answers Fever Fatigue Anxiety Which of the following is responsible for the diffusion of oxygen from the bloodstream to body tissue? - Answers Capillaries Nutrients flow through the bloodstream in which of the following mediums? - Answers Red Blood Cells Which of the following is necessary to maintain complete homeostasis? - Answers Oxygen Hydration Most individuals (70%) who develop decompression sickness initially have symptoms of which presentation of the disease? - Answers Bends Mental confusion is a symptom of what type of hypoxia? - Answers All types True or False: Flying with a light cold is considered safe if you are not exhibiting symptoms. - Answers False The defining factor in explosive decompressions is: - Answers Lung Tissue Damage Prior to the development of pressurized aircraft, decompression sickness (DCS): - Answers DCS was an accepted part of high-altitude flight Decompression sickness typically presents itself when the risk (R) factor exceeds: - Answers 1.5% True or False: Type 2 DCS is the more probable form of DCS - Answers False When treating for suspected decompression sickness, you must first place the individual: - Answers On a tight-fitting (crew) oxygen mask In humans, angular acceleration is sensed: - Answers By the semi-circular canals A sub-threshold turn (less than 3 degrees per second) often contributes to which of the following spatial disorientation illusions? - Answers Graveyard Spiral True or False: Colors at the low end of the EM wavelength spectrum are the hardest focus on - Answers False True or False: An Enhanced-Vision System assists pilot seeing through thick, moist clouds - Answers False When experiencing high sustained G-forces in an aircraft, those forces affect the following molecules in the body: - Answers Ocular Blood Fatty body tissue Which of the following G vectors is rarely, if ever, experienced in normal flight conditions? - Answers Negative Gy Experiencing Zero-G environments for long periods of time may result in which of the following? - Answers "Moon-face" and Excess intestinal gas (BOTH A AND C) True or False: Hand-flying maneuvers generally produces more spatial disorientation events than flying on autopilot - Answers True You are descending into a fog layer, as you enter the fog you get the sensation the nose of the aircraft is pitching up. You are experiencing a: - Answers Somatogravic Illusion You are on a visual approach to an airport, but even though the PAPI says you are on glideslope, you feel the approach is too steep. The most likely cause is because: - Answers The runway has an upslope You are on cruise flight on heading 090, when you are instructed to enter a left turn to 360. During the turn, you drop your phone on the floor and you feel out-of-control. The first thing you should do is: - Answers Cross-check your instruments to see what the aircraft is doing You are flying from Grand Forks to Atlanta. Where do you find out how much oxygen you need for you, your crew and passengers for that flight? - Answers POH Is it permissible to use medical oxygen instead of aviators breathing oxygen? - Answers No, because the moisture content is higher and would freeze at altitude What oxygen system device lets you know if you have oxygen flowing? - Answers Flowmeter What would happen if you completely drained your oxygen cylinder? - Answers Contamination will get into the tank True or False: OBOGS is a popular civilian oxygen generating system - Answers False True or False: Continuous flow masks provide adequate protection from smoke and fumes - Answers False True or False: Is it acceptable to mix pressure-demand regulators with diluter demand masks? - Answers False Why is your hearing muffled after you leave a concert or other loud event? - Answers There has been a Threshold shift in your hearing Which direction is vibration least tolerated in humans? - Answers Up/Down Which airplane configuration is easiest to control? - Answers Side-stick Which of the heat-transfer mechanisms is most effective? - Answers Conduction When I run in the summer, why does my face turn red? - Answers Vasodilation How do I interfere with a natural body-cooling mechanism? - Answers Wipe sweat off as it appears Every cell in your body continuously requires - Answers Oxygen Water Sugar True or False: In the winter, it's not socks that keep your feet warm, it's blood flow - Answers True The mental health of people today is in danger mostly due to: - Answers Overwork schedule and lack of adequate, quality, sleep When you fall asleep, what happens to your physical body? - Answers Becomes an antenna looking for danger and reasons to wake you up When your surroundings become dark at the end of circadian rhythm, what happens to your physical body? - Answers The pineal gland secretes melatonin, inducing sleepiness; Your core temperature begins to drop; Digestion begins to slow (ALL OF THE ABOVE) If you can slow the airplane from 45 to 40 knots, how much less impact force is felt, even with the small reduction in speed? - Answers Nearly one-fifth less impact force Why should water-ditching never be considered, if you have another choice? - Answers Water is colder than your skin temperature, sucking the warmth out; Water is as hard as concerted when at speed; Water induces a whip-like reaction once airplane parts touch the surface, often rendering the occupants unconscious while sinking (ALL OF THE ABOVE) To keep the deceleration less than 9 G's, and thus probably survivable, the minimum stopping distance from 50 mph needs to be at least: - Answers 12 feet What is the most sensitive organ to altered temperatures? - Answers Brain Name the two methods our bodies use to cool itself: - Answers Vasodilation, Sweating What gas content of the blood influences the primary control of the respiratory rate in normal humans the majority of the time? - Answers Carbon dioxide Ear protection works primarily to decrease the noise: - Answers Intensity What are the three ways heat transfers from one object to another? - Answers Convection, Radiation, Touch Rhodopsin is a chemical produced by the eye that improves what type of vision? - Answers Night Vision The Human overlapping visual field is how many degrees across? - Answers 120 True or False: The Forward-Looking Infrared Devices (FLIR) we demonstrate in the vision lab can see objects through a pane of glass - Answers False The process of denitrogenating aids the aviator in hypobaric conditions by? - Answers Removing some of the nitrogen in the body According to FAA experts, what percentage of aviation accidents are caused by human influence? - Answers 60-80% When the US military first invested time and resources into aviation training, what number of pilots died from pilot error in the first 100 fatalities? - Answers 90 What civilian aviation safety organization was the first, and when were they established? - Answers Royal Aeronautical Society in 1866 According to NASA's studies on loss of control inflight (LOC-I) accidents, what percentage occurred from the from the aircrew's "inappropriate response or interaction with aircraft equipment"? - Answers 46% How much temperature decrease per 1000 feet as we ascend into the atmosphere? - Answers 3.5 degrees Where does temperature stabilize in the atmosphere? - Answers The top of the Troposphere Where is atmospheric pressure the densest? - Answers Below 10000 ft How long does a human take to fully physiologically acclimatize to a given altitude? - Answers 18.4 days per mile of altitude To what altitude can humans fully physiologically acclimatize? - Answers 10000 ft What is percentage of oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere? - Answers O2 21%/ N2 78% What altitudes apply to the Zone of Physiology Efficiency? - Answers Sea level- 10000 ft What altitudes apply to Physiological Deficient Zone? - Answers ft Where does the Space Equivalent Zone begin? - Answers 50000 ft What is the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen at Sea Level? - Answers 159 mmHg What physiological issue does Boyle's Law apply to? - Answers Trapped Gas What physiological issue does Henry's Law apply to? - Answers Evolved Gas