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ATI PN Fundamentals 2023 Proctored Exam: 180+ High-Yield
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Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed Rationales for
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NGN Success #
High-Yield ATI PN Fundamentals Questions & Rationales
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Safety & Infection Control
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1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
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Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
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• A. Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
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• B. Insert the catheter during exhalation.
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• C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter.
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• D. Apply suction for no more than 15 seconds.
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☑ Correct Answer-: A # #
Rationale: The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyperoxygenate
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the client for several minutes prior to suctioning to prevent hypoxemia. Suction
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should be applied only during withdrawal, not insertion, and for no more than 10
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seconds . #
2. A nurse is preparing to perform nasal tracheal suctioning for a client. Which
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of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
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• A. Hold the suction catheter with the clean non-dominant hand.
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• B. Apply suctioning for 20 to 30 seconds.
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• C. Place the catheter in a location that is clean and dry for later use.
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• D. Use surgical asepsis when performing the procedure.
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☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Surgical aseptic (sterile) technique is required for all types of
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suctioning to prevent introducing pathogens into the respiratory tract. Suctioning
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should be limited to 10-15 seconds, and catheters are single-use only .
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3. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has active tuberculosis.
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Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
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• A. Restrict the client's visitors to immediate family only.
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• B. Assign the client to a negative-pressure airflow room.
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• C. Discard personal protective equipment outside the client's room.
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• D. Have the client wear a HEPA mask during transport.
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☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. The client should be
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placed in a negative-pressure airflow room to ensure contaminated air is not
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circulated to other areas. A HEPA mask should be worn by the client during
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transport . #
4. A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client. The nurse notes sparks
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when plugging in the IV pump. Which of the following actions should the nurse
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take first?
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• A. Label the pump with a defective equipment sticker.
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• B. Unplug the pump.
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• C. Obtain a replacement pump.
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• D. Notify the biomedical department.
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☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: This is a prioritization question using safety principles. The nurse
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should FIRST unplug the IV pump to avoid causing a fire or electrical injury.
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Assessment and removal of the hazard take priority over documentation and
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notification . #
5. The nurse should use which type of precautions for a client being admitted
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with suspected tuberculosis?
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• A. Hand hygiene only
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• B. Contact precautions
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• C. Droplet precautions
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• D. Airborne precautions
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☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplets that remain
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suspended in the air. Airborne precautions require a negative pressure room and
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N95 respirator .
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Medication Administration & Dosage Calculations
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6. A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 20 mg orally to a 6-year-
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old child who has difficulty swallowing pills. Available is diphenhydramine 12.5
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mg/5 mL oral syrup. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the
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nearest whole number.)# #
• A. 5 mL
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• B. 6 mL
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• C. 8 mL
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• D. 10 mL
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☑ Correct Answer-: C # #
Rationale: Use the formula: Desired dose (20 mg) ÷ Available dose (12.5 mg) ×
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Volume (5 mL) = 20 ÷ 12.5 = 1.6 × 5 = 8 mL .
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7. A nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who has a new prescription for
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cefoxitin 80 mg/kg/day administered IV every 6 hours. The child weighs 20 kg.
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How much cefoxitin should the nurse administer with each dose?
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• A. 200 mg
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• B. 400 mg
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• C. 600 mg
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• D. 800 mg # #
☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: Calculate total daily dose: 80 mg × 20 kg = 1,600 mg/day. Divide by
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number of doses per day (every 6 hours = 4 doses): 1,600 mg ÷ 4 = 400 mg per
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dose . #
8. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication from an ampule. Which of the
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following is an appropriate action?
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• A. Inject air into the ampule prior to drawing medication.
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• B. Add 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication.
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• C. Cleanse the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening.
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• D. Use a filter needle to aspirate the medication.
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☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: A filter needle is required when drawing medication from a glass
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ampule to prevent any tiny glass particles from being drawn into the syringe.
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9. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for morphine 5 mg IM but
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accidentally administers the entire 10 mg from the single-dose vial. Which
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action should the nurse take first?
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• A. Notify the client's provider.
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• B. Report the incident to the pharmacy.
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• C. Complete an incident report.
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• D. Measure the client's respiratory rate.
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☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Morphine can cause respiratory depression. When a medication error
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occurs, the nurse should FIRST assess the client to ensure the error does not
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1
ATI PN Fundamentals 2023 Proctored Exam: 180+ High-Yield
# # # # # # #
Questions with Verified Answers and Detailed Rationales for
# # # # # # #
NGN Success #
High-Yield ATI PN Fundamentals Questions & Rationales
# # # # # #
Safety & Infection Control
# # #
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy and requires suctioning.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
# # # # # # # #
• A. Hyperoxygenate the client before suctioning.
# # # # #
• B. Insert the catheter during exhalation.
# # # # #
• C. Apply suction during insertion of the catheter.
# # # # # # #
• D. Apply suction for no more than 15 seconds.
# # # # # # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: A # #
Rationale: The nurse should use a manual resuscitation bag to hyperoxygenate
# # # # # # # # # #
the client for several minutes prior to suctioning to prevent hypoxemia. Suction
# # # # # # # # # # #
should be applied only during withdrawal, not insertion, and for no more than 10
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
seconds . #
2. A nurse is preparing to perform nasal tracheal suctioning for a client. Which
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
# # # # # # # # # # #
• A. Hold the suction catheter with the clean non-dominant hand.
# # # # # # # # #
• B. Apply suctioning for 20 to 30 seconds.
# # # # # # #
• C. Place the catheter in a location that is clean and dry for later use.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
• D. Use surgical asepsis when performing the procedure.
# # # # # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Surgical aseptic (sterile) technique is required for all types of
# # # # # # # # # #
suctioning to prevent introducing pathogens into the respiratory tract. Suctioning
# # # # # # # # #
should be limited to 10-15 seconds, and catheters are single-use only .
# # # # # # # # # # #
,#
2
3. A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has active tuberculosis.
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
# # # # # # # # # #
• A. Restrict the client's visitors to immediate family only.
# # # # # # # #
• B. Assign the client to a negative-pressure airflow room.
# # # # # # # #
• C. Discard personal protective equipment outside the client's room.
# # # # # # # #
• D. Have the client wear a HEPA mask during transport.
# # # # # # # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: Tuberculosis requires airborne precautions. The client should be
# # # # # # # #
placed in a negative-pressure airflow room to ensure contaminated air is not
# # # # # # # # # # #
circulated to other areas. A HEPA mask should be worn by the client during
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
transport . #
4. A nurse is preparing to administer IV fluids to a client. The nurse notes sparks
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
when plugging in the IV pump. Which of the following actions should the nurse
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
take first?
#
• A. Label the pump with a defective equipment sticker.
# # # # # # # #
• B. Unplug the pump.
# # #
• C. Obtain a replacement pump.
# # # #
• D. Notify the biomedical department.
# # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: This is a prioritization question using safety principles. The nurse
# # # # # # # # # #
should FIRST unplug the IV pump to avoid causing a fire or electrical injury.
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
Assessment and removal of the hazard take priority over documentation and
# # # # # # # # # #
notification . #
5. The nurse should use which type of precautions for a client being admitted
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
with suspected tuberculosis?
# #
,#
3
• A. Hand hygiene only
# # #
• B. Contact precautions
# #
• C. Droplet precautions
# #
• D. Airborne precautions
# #
☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplets that remain
# # # # # # # #
suspended in the air. Airborne precautions require a negative pressure room and
# # # # # # # # # # #
N95 respirator .
# #
Medication Administration & Dosage Calculations
# # # #
6. A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 20 mg orally to a 6-year-
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
old child who has difficulty swallowing pills. Available is diphenhydramine 12.5
# # # # # # # # # #
mg/5 mL oral syrup. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
nearest whole number.)# #
• A. 5 mL
# #
• B. 6 mL
# #
• C. 8 mL
# #
• D. 10 mL
# #
☑ Correct Answer-: C # #
Rationale: Use the formula: Desired dose (20 mg) ÷ Available dose (12.5 mg) ×
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
Volume (5 mL) = 20 ÷ 12.5 = 1.6 × 5 = 8 mL .
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
7. A nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who has a new prescription for
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
cefoxitin 80 mg/kg/day administered IV every 6 hours. The child weighs 20 kg.
# # # # # # # # # # # #
How much cefoxitin should the nurse administer with each dose?
# # # # # # # # #
• A. 200 mg
# #
• B. 400 mg
# #
,#
4
• C. 600 mg
# #
• D. 800 mg # #
☑ Correct Answer-: B # #
Rationale: Calculate total daily dose: 80 mg × 20 kg = 1,600 mg/day. Divide by
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
number of doses per day (every 6 hours = 4 doses): 1,600 mg ÷ 4 = 400 mg per
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
dose . #
8. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication from an ampule. Which of the
# # # # # # # # # # # # # #
following is an appropriate action?
# # # #
• A. Inject air into the ampule prior to drawing medication.
# # # # # # # # #
• B. Add 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication.
# # # # # # # #
• C. Cleanse the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening.
# # # # # # # # # # # #
• D. Use a filter needle to aspirate the medication.
# # # # # # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: A filter needle is required when drawing medication from a glass
# # # # # # # # # # #
ampule to prevent any tiny glass particles from being drawn into the syringe.
# # # # # # # # # # # #
9. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for morphine 5 mg IM but
# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #
accidentally administers the entire 10 mg from the single-dose vial. Which
# # # # # # # # # #
action should the nurse take first?
# # # # #
• A. Notify the client's provider.
# # # #
• B. Report the incident to the pharmacy.
# # # # # #
• C. Complete an incident report.
# # # #
• D. Measure the client's respiratory rate.
# # # # #
☑ Correct Answer-: D # #
Rationale: Morphine can cause respiratory depression. When a medication error
# # # # # # # # #
occurs, the nurse should FIRST assess the client to ensure the error does not
# # # # # # # # # # # # #
