Questions and Answers | Complete Nursing Process
Review | Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, and Evaluation (ADPIE) | Critical Thinking
in Nursing | Comprehensive Health Assessment |
Subjective and Objective Data | Nursing Health History |
Therapeutic Communication | Nurse–Client Relationship |
Interview Techniques | Orientation, Working, and
Termination Phases | Clinical Judgment | Data Collection |
Sources of Patient Data | Cultural Competence and
Cultural Humility | Physical Assessment | Clinical
Documentation | Nursing Fundamentals | NCLEX Review
Latest Updated 2026
the nursing process
central to your ability to provide timely and appropriate care to your patients
steps of the nursing process
1. Assessment
2. Diagnosis
3. Planning
4. Implementation
5. Evaluation
,assessment
the gathering and analysis of information about the patient's health status
diagnosis
making clinical judgements from the assessment to identify the patient's response to health
problems in the form of nursing diagnoses
planning
includes setting goals and expected outcomes for your care and selecting interventions
(nursing and collaborative) individualized to each of the patient's nursing diagnoses
implementation
performing the planned interventions
evaluation
evaluating the patient's response and determine whether the interventions were effective
critical thinking in assessment of clients
1. knowledge base
2. environment
3. experience
4. standards
,5. attitudes
knowledge base
basic nursing and science; nursing and healthcare theory (health promotion); patient data
(assessment findings)
environment
time pressure (nurses are always short on time), setting (where you perform assessment),
task complexity (physical condition, numerous procedures), interruptions (phone calls, other
providers walking in, family talking to you)
standards
ANA scope of practice, clinical practice guidelines, intellectual, professional (standards of care,
ethical standards)
attitudes
perseverance, curiosity, confidence, discipline, responsibility, intellectual, professional
developing the nurse-client relationship for data collection
- client (interview, observation, physical examination) - BEST source of info
- family and significant others (obtain clients agreement first)
- health care team
, - medical records
- scientific literature
source of data: client
- BEST source of information
- establish nurse-client therapeutic relationship, mobilizes hope for client and allows client to
use support for fears, illness, pain, and anxiety
- show interest in client's healthcare problems that help you collect a relevant database
- rounding is vital opportunity to build trust with clients to help gain more info
source of data: family and significant others
- primary source of information for infants, children, and patients who are critically ill,
mentally handicapped, or have cognitive impairment
- supply info about client's current health status and can tell when a the status has changed
sources of data: health care team
- frequent communication with other health care team members
- change-of-shift report, bedside rounds, client hand-off
- every member of team is a source of information for identifying and verifying essential
information about the client
source of data: medical records