UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA 2025 TO 2026
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS REVIEW NOTES AND DETAILED
RATIONALES
What is assessed during the pupillary light reflex test?
Pupil size, shape, and response to light.
What is the expected pupil size in millimeters?
Expected size is 3, 4, or 5 mm.
What does an abnormal pupillary response include?
Dilated pupils, fixed pupils, or unequal responses.
What is the structure and function of the tympanic membrane?
Also called the eardrum, it separates the external and middle ear and is
translucent with a pearly gray color.
What are the three functions of the middle ear?
,Conducts sound vibrations, protects the inner ear from loud sounds, and
equalizes air pressure via the eustachian tube.
What is the role of the cochlea in the inner ear?
It contains the central hearing apparatus.
What is the significance of inspecting the external ear?
To assess size, shape, skin condition, and tenderness.
What does Darwin's tubercle signify?
A small painless nodule at the helix, a congenital variation with no clinical
significance.
What should be noted during the inspection of the sclera?
Look for redness, icterus (yellowing), tenderness, foreign bodies, or
discharge.
What does exophthalmos indicate?
Protruding eyes, which may suggest underlying health issues.
What is the expected appearance of the tympanic membrane (TM)?
, Shiny and translucent with a pearl-gray color.
What does a red tympanic membrane indicate?
Otitis media (ear infection).
What is the purpose of the whispered voice test?
To assess hearing acuity by testing one ear at a time.
What should be done if a patient reports hearing difficulties?
Perform audiometric testing or refer for audiometric testing.
What is rhinorrhea?
A runny nose, often occurring with colds, allergies, or sinus infections.
What is epistaxis?
A bloody nose, which can occur spontaneously or due to trauma.
What does dysphagia refer to?
Difficulty swallowing.