Evolve HESI Pediatrics Exam | Comprehensive Practice
Examination | 160+ Questions, Answers & Rationales |
Ultimate Exam Mastery Guide | Premium Revision Collection
| High-Yield Pediatrics Study Companion | Latest Edition
1. A mother brings her 9-month-old infant to the clinic and expresses concern that
the baby cries whenever she leaves him with a sitter. What is the best response
by the nurse?
A) "Have you noticed whether your baby is teething?"
B) "Crying when you leave him is a healthy sign of attachment."
C) "Consider taking the baby to the doctor because he may be ill."
D) "You should leave the infant more often so he can adjust."
Answer: B
Rationale: Stranger anxiety typically emerges around 8-10 months of age and is a
normal developmental milestone indicating healthy attachment to the primary
caregiver. Teething pain would not manifest only when the mother leaves.
Suggesting illness is unnecessary without other symptoms. Leaving the infant
more frequently would increase anxiety rather than help adjustment .
,2. The nurse hides a block under a blanket during a well-baby visit, and the 9-
month-old infant looks for it. This behavior demonstrates development of which
milestone?
A) Associative play
B) Object prehension
C) Object permanence
D) Separation anxiety
Answer: C
Rationale: Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist
even when out of sight. This cognitive milestone typically develops between 8-12
months of age. The infant searching for the hidden block demonstrates this
concept. Associative play occurs in older children, while object prehension refers
to grasping ability .
3. A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parent, who
reports the child has been pointing at his stomach and saying, "It hurts so bad."
Which pain-assessment tool should the nurse use?
A) Descriptor Scale
B) Brief Pain Inventory
C) Numeric rating scale
D) Wong-Baker FACES Scale
Answer: D
,Rationale: The Wong-Baker FACES Scale is developmentally appropriate for
children aged 3-7 years who may not have the cognitive ability to use numeric
scales. The Brief Pain Inventory and Descriptor Scale are better suited for older
children and adults .
4. A 14-year-old adolescent is brought to the emergency room after a biking
accident. How should the nurse best interact with this client?
A) Furnish rewards for cooperation during procedures
B) Have the parents remain with the adolescent at all times
C) Provide clear explanations while encouraging questions
D) Limit the number of choices to be made by the adolescent
Answer: C
Rationale: Adolescents value autonomy and respect. Providing clear explanations
and encouraging questions supports their developing cognitive abilities and need
for independence. Parents should not be required to remain at all times. Limiting
choices undermines adolescent development .
5. The parents of a 14-year-old girl express concern that their daughter dresses as
a tomboy one day and very feminine the next. What information should guide the
nurse's response?
A) Teenagers need a strong role model to emulate
B) Adolescents try on different roles while seeking their identity
, C) Such erratic behavior needs further investigation
D) Fourteen-year-olds often try to please parents with their role choices
Answer: B
Rationale: Role exploration is a normal part of adolescent identity formation
according to Erikson's theory. Trying different personas helps adolescents
discover their authentic selves. This behavior is developmentally appropriate and
does not require investigation .
6. During a parenting class, the nurse explains why discipline and limit setting are
important for toddlers. Which statement best describes this rationale?
A) Limits help parents maintain control over the child
B) Consistent discipline provides the child with a sense of security
C) Setting limits prevents the child from becoming spoiled
D) Discipline teaches toddlers to follow rules
Answer: B
Rationale: Consistent discipline and limit setting provide toddlers with a sense of
security and predictability. When children know what to expect, they feel safer
exploring their environment. Other options represent less comprehensive or less
accurate rationales .
7. A 2-year-old is admitted with possible encephalitis, and a lumbar puncture is
scheduled. What information should the nurse provide about the procedure?
Examination | 160+ Questions, Answers & Rationales |
Ultimate Exam Mastery Guide | Premium Revision Collection
| High-Yield Pediatrics Study Companion | Latest Edition
1. A mother brings her 9-month-old infant to the clinic and expresses concern that
the baby cries whenever she leaves him with a sitter. What is the best response
by the nurse?
A) "Have you noticed whether your baby is teething?"
B) "Crying when you leave him is a healthy sign of attachment."
C) "Consider taking the baby to the doctor because he may be ill."
D) "You should leave the infant more often so he can adjust."
Answer: B
Rationale: Stranger anxiety typically emerges around 8-10 months of age and is a
normal developmental milestone indicating healthy attachment to the primary
caregiver. Teething pain would not manifest only when the mother leaves.
Suggesting illness is unnecessary without other symptoms. Leaving the infant
more frequently would increase anxiety rather than help adjustment .
,2. The nurse hides a block under a blanket during a well-baby visit, and the 9-
month-old infant looks for it. This behavior demonstrates development of which
milestone?
A) Associative play
B) Object prehension
C) Object permanence
D) Separation anxiety
Answer: C
Rationale: Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist
even when out of sight. This cognitive milestone typically develops between 8-12
months of age. The infant searching for the hidden block demonstrates this
concept. Associative play occurs in older children, while object prehension refers
to grasping ability .
3. A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parent, who
reports the child has been pointing at his stomach and saying, "It hurts so bad."
Which pain-assessment tool should the nurse use?
A) Descriptor Scale
B) Brief Pain Inventory
C) Numeric rating scale
D) Wong-Baker FACES Scale
Answer: D
,Rationale: The Wong-Baker FACES Scale is developmentally appropriate for
children aged 3-7 years who may not have the cognitive ability to use numeric
scales. The Brief Pain Inventory and Descriptor Scale are better suited for older
children and adults .
4. A 14-year-old adolescent is brought to the emergency room after a biking
accident. How should the nurse best interact with this client?
A) Furnish rewards for cooperation during procedures
B) Have the parents remain with the adolescent at all times
C) Provide clear explanations while encouraging questions
D) Limit the number of choices to be made by the adolescent
Answer: C
Rationale: Adolescents value autonomy and respect. Providing clear explanations
and encouraging questions supports their developing cognitive abilities and need
for independence. Parents should not be required to remain at all times. Limiting
choices undermines adolescent development .
5. The parents of a 14-year-old girl express concern that their daughter dresses as
a tomboy one day and very feminine the next. What information should guide the
nurse's response?
A) Teenagers need a strong role model to emulate
B) Adolescents try on different roles while seeking their identity
, C) Such erratic behavior needs further investigation
D) Fourteen-year-olds often try to please parents with their role choices
Answer: B
Rationale: Role exploration is a normal part of adolescent identity formation
according to Erikson's theory. Trying different personas helps adolescents
discover their authentic selves. This behavior is developmentally appropriate and
does not require investigation .
6. During a parenting class, the nurse explains why discipline and limit setting are
important for toddlers. Which statement best describes this rationale?
A) Limits help parents maintain control over the child
B) Consistent discipline provides the child with a sense of security
C) Setting limits prevents the child from becoming spoiled
D) Discipline teaches toddlers to follow rules
Answer: B
Rationale: Consistent discipline and limit setting provide toddlers with a sense of
security and predictability. When children know what to expect, they feel safer
exploring their environment. Other options represent less comprehensive or less
accurate rationales .
7. A 2-year-old is admitted with possible encephalitis, and a lumbar puncture is
scheduled. What information should the nurse provide about the procedure?
