SN 206 Hallmark Exam Foundations of
B
Nursing Fundamentals Nightingale College
Official Practice Exam Actual Exam 2026/2027
with Detailed Rationales | Complete
Exam-Style Questions | Pass Guaranteed – A+
Graded
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SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONAL NURSING CONCEPTS & PATIENT SAFETY Q1 – Q10
══════════════════════════════════════
Question 1 of 50
68-year-old patient in a medical-surgical unit has Clostridium difficile. The nurse is
A
reinforcing teaching with a nursing assistant about infection control precautions. The
nurse identifies that teaching has been effective when the nursing assistant states
which priority action?
. Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after care
A
B. Keeping the door closed at all times
C. Washing hands with soap and water after providing care ✓ CORRECT
D. Wearing a surgical mask when entering the room
orrect Answer: C
C
Rationale: Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective against the spores of
Clostridium difficile, so strict handwashing with soap and water is required to physically
remove the spores from the hands. Using an alcohol-based sanitizer creates a false
sense of security and does not break the chain of infection for this specific pathogen.
Always verify the specific pathogen transmission dynamics before delegating hygiene
tasks.
Question 2 of 50
72-year-old patient with a history of stroke requires assistance with ambulation. The
A
patient uses a walker but has moderate weakness on the right side. The nurse
, elegates ambulation to a nursing assistive personnel (NAP). Which instruction is most
d
appropriate for the nurse to provide to the NAP?
. Use a gait belt and stand on the patient's weaker right side ✓ CORRECT
A
B. Allow the patient to hold onto the nurse's arm for balance
C. Encourage the patient to look down at their feet while walking
D. Walk quickly to minimize the time the patient is on their feet
orrect Answer: A
C
Rationale: When delegating ambulation, the nurse must ensure the NAP uses a gait belt
for safety and stands on the patient's weaker side to provide immediate support if a
loss of balance occurs. Walking without a gait belt increases the risk of injury to both
the patient and the caregiver if the patient falls. Instructing the patient to look straight
ahead promotes proper posture and balance.
Question 3 of 50
55-year-old patient is scheduled for an elective cholecystectomy. The surgeon has
A
explained the procedure, risks, and benefits, and leaves the room. The patient turns to
the nurse and asks, "I'm not really sure what they're going to do, are they just removing
stones or the whole organ?" The nurse recognizes that obtaining informed consent is
the responsibility of the surgeon, so what is the best nursing action?
. Explain the surgical procedure in detail to the patient
A
B. Ask the family to sign the consent form on behalf of the patient
C. Witness the patient's signature and document the conversation
D. Notify the surgeon that the patient requires further clarification ✓ CORRECT
orrect Answer: D
C
Rationale: The nurse's role in informed consent is to witness the signature and ensure
the patient has been informed by the person performing the procedure; if the patient
expresses confusion, the nurse must notify the surgeon. Explaining the surgery exceeds
the nurse's scope of practice in the informed consent process and could lead to legal
complications. Never coerce a patient into signing a consent form if they do not fully
understand the procedure.
Question 4 of 50
n 88-year-old patient with advanced dementia is admitted to a medical-surgical unit for
A
dehydration. The patient is repeatedly trying to climb out of bed and pull at the IV line.
, he nurse implements the least restrictive interventions first. Which nursing action is
T
most appropriate to ensure patient safety?
. Apply soft wrist restraints to prevent IV removal
A
B. Move the patient to a room closer to the nurses' station ✓ CORRECT
C. Administer a PRN dose of lorazepam to sedate the patient
D. Instruct the family to stay with the patient around the clock
orrect Answer: B
C
Rationale: Moving the patient closer to the nurses' station increases direct observation
and is a least restrictive intervention that directly addresses patient safety before
considering physical restraints. Applying soft wrist restraints requires a prescription and
should only be used after all less restrictive alternatives have failed. Restraints can
increase agitation, risk of injury, and must be tied to the bed frame with a quick-release
knot.
Question 5 of 50
45-year-old patient is admitted to the emergency department with active pulmonary
A
tuberculosis. The patient is coughing profusely and is placed in a negative pressure
room. Which personal protective equipment is required for the nurse entering this
room?
. Surgical mask and sterile gloves
A
B. N95 respirator and eye protection
C. N95 respirator and non-sterile gloves ✓ CORRECT
D. Standard precautions with a face shield
orrect Answer: C
C
Rationale: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an airborne infection requiring an N95 respirator to
filter out small droplet nuclei, along with standard precautions including gloves. A
surgical mask does not provide a tight enough seal to filter out airborne pathogens
effectively. Negative pressure airflow is essential to prevent contaminated air from
entering the hallway.
Question 6 of 50
60-year-old patient with heart failure is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse identifies
A
the nursing diagnosis of "Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume." During the evaluation phase
of the nursing process, the nurse assesses the effectiveness of the care plan by
monitoring for which outcome?
B
Nursing Fundamentals Nightingale College
Official Practice Exam Actual Exam 2026/2027
with Detailed Rationales | Complete
Exam-Style Questions | Pass Guaranteed – A+
Graded
═════════════════════════════════════
═
SECTION 1: FOUNDATIONAL NURSING CONCEPTS & PATIENT SAFETY Q1 – Q10
══════════════════════════════════════
Question 1 of 50
68-year-old patient in a medical-surgical unit has Clostridium difficile. The nurse is
A
reinforcing teaching with a nursing assistant about infection control precautions. The
nurse identifies that teaching has been effective when the nursing assistant states
which priority action?
. Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after care
A
B. Keeping the door closed at all times
C. Washing hands with soap and water after providing care ✓ CORRECT
D. Wearing a surgical mask when entering the room
orrect Answer: C
C
Rationale: Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective against the spores of
Clostridium difficile, so strict handwashing with soap and water is required to physically
remove the spores from the hands. Using an alcohol-based sanitizer creates a false
sense of security and does not break the chain of infection for this specific pathogen.
Always verify the specific pathogen transmission dynamics before delegating hygiene
tasks.
Question 2 of 50
72-year-old patient with a history of stroke requires assistance with ambulation. The
A
patient uses a walker but has moderate weakness on the right side. The nurse
, elegates ambulation to a nursing assistive personnel (NAP). Which instruction is most
d
appropriate for the nurse to provide to the NAP?
. Use a gait belt and stand on the patient's weaker right side ✓ CORRECT
A
B. Allow the patient to hold onto the nurse's arm for balance
C. Encourage the patient to look down at their feet while walking
D. Walk quickly to minimize the time the patient is on their feet
orrect Answer: A
C
Rationale: When delegating ambulation, the nurse must ensure the NAP uses a gait belt
for safety and stands on the patient's weaker side to provide immediate support if a
loss of balance occurs. Walking without a gait belt increases the risk of injury to both
the patient and the caregiver if the patient falls. Instructing the patient to look straight
ahead promotes proper posture and balance.
Question 3 of 50
55-year-old patient is scheduled for an elective cholecystectomy. The surgeon has
A
explained the procedure, risks, and benefits, and leaves the room. The patient turns to
the nurse and asks, "I'm not really sure what they're going to do, are they just removing
stones or the whole organ?" The nurse recognizes that obtaining informed consent is
the responsibility of the surgeon, so what is the best nursing action?
. Explain the surgical procedure in detail to the patient
A
B. Ask the family to sign the consent form on behalf of the patient
C. Witness the patient's signature and document the conversation
D. Notify the surgeon that the patient requires further clarification ✓ CORRECT
orrect Answer: D
C
Rationale: The nurse's role in informed consent is to witness the signature and ensure
the patient has been informed by the person performing the procedure; if the patient
expresses confusion, the nurse must notify the surgeon. Explaining the surgery exceeds
the nurse's scope of practice in the informed consent process and could lead to legal
complications. Never coerce a patient into signing a consent form if they do not fully
understand the procedure.
Question 4 of 50
n 88-year-old patient with advanced dementia is admitted to a medical-surgical unit for
A
dehydration. The patient is repeatedly trying to climb out of bed and pull at the IV line.
, he nurse implements the least restrictive interventions first. Which nursing action is
T
most appropriate to ensure patient safety?
. Apply soft wrist restraints to prevent IV removal
A
B. Move the patient to a room closer to the nurses' station ✓ CORRECT
C. Administer a PRN dose of lorazepam to sedate the patient
D. Instruct the family to stay with the patient around the clock
orrect Answer: B
C
Rationale: Moving the patient closer to the nurses' station increases direct observation
and is a least restrictive intervention that directly addresses patient safety before
considering physical restraints. Applying soft wrist restraints requires a prescription and
should only be used after all less restrictive alternatives have failed. Restraints can
increase agitation, risk of injury, and must be tied to the bed frame with a quick-release
knot.
Question 5 of 50
45-year-old patient is admitted to the emergency department with active pulmonary
A
tuberculosis. The patient is coughing profusely and is placed in a negative pressure
room. Which personal protective equipment is required for the nurse entering this
room?
. Surgical mask and sterile gloves
A
B. N95 respirator and eye protection
C. N95 respirator and non-sterile gloves ✓ CORRECT
D. Standard precautions with a face shield
orrect Answer: C
C
Rationale: Pulmonary tuberculosis is an airborne infection requiring an N95 respirator to
filter out small droplet nuclei, along with standard precautions including gloves. A
surgical mask does not provide a tight enough seal to filter out airborne pathogens
effectively. Negative pressure airflow is essential to prevent contaminated air from
entering the hallway.
Question 6 of 50
60-year-old patient with heart failure is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse identifies
A
the nursing diagnosis of "Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume." During the evaluation phase
of the nursing process, the nurse assesses the effectiveness of the care plan by
monitoring for which outcome?
