Pathophysiology Final
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1. What is the most serious complication of a cer- Loss of phrenic nerve function and
vical spinal injury? ability to breathe
2. What are signs and symptoms of autonomic Pounding headache, sudden in-
dysreflexia? crease in BP, profuse diaphore-
sis, nausea, nasal congestion, and
bradycardia
3. What levels indicate recovery of acute kidney Urinary output, BUN, and creatinine
injury? return to normal levels
4. What is prostate-specific antigen? A protein produced by prostate cells
that can occur in high amounts when
prostate cancer is present
5. What PSA level leads to a biopsy? A level above 4 ng/mL
6. Describe lab findings in systemic lupus erythe- A positive ANA, positive anti-dsDNA
matous antibodies, positive antibodies to Sm
proteins in cell nucleus, low comple-
ment levels, high levels of C-reactive
protein, and high erythrocyte sedi-
mentation rate
7. Describe the pathophysiology of Sjörgen's Syn- An autoimmune disease where the
drome body attacks tear ducts in the eyes
and salivary glands
8. What lab findings are associated with Hashimo- Elevated TSH, low thyroid hormone
to's Thyroiditis? levels, and increased levels of an-
tithyroid peroxidase
9.