Marketing research process - Answers define the problem/objective, design the research, collect the
data, analyze and interpret data, and write the report and describe the action plan
Secondary data - Answers information that already exists somewhere (internally or externally)
(Dis)advantages of secondary data - Answers obtained more quickly, lower cost, but may lack
accuracy
Primary data - Answers information collected by the company for the specific purpose on hand
(Dis)advantages of primary data - Answers relevant to the specific purpose on hand, usually
expensive and time consuming, alternative methods of data collection available
Observational research - Answers gathering data by observing people, actions, and situations
Survey research - Answers asking individuals about attitudes, preferences, buying behaviors, and
feelings
Experimental research - Answers select matched group of subjects, give them different treatments,
control related factors and check for differences in group responses
Focus group - Answers trained moderator discusses a topic with a group of 8-12 people; discussions
are usually videotaped and analyzed later
Data collection - Answers usually representative of samples not whole populations. if using
questionnaires, pay attention to design issues. objective is to increase response rate and decrease
measurement error. analyze data by using appropriate statistical techniques and prepare a research
report and action plan
Big data - Answers data sets that are too large and complex to analyze with traditional data
management software. e.g. data warehouses, data mining tools
Descriptive analytics tools - Answers summarize historical data to understand what's happening
Predictive analytics tools - Answers use historic data to forecast future
Prescriptive analytics tools - Answers use simulations and find the most effective strategy
Active analytics tools - Answers use AI algorithms to analyze data bases including the internet
Product - Answers anything that is of value to a customer and can be offered through a voluntary
exchange. is conceptualized at 3 levels: the core value, actual product, and augmented (additional)
product
Specialty products - Answers consumers are willing to make special efforts to obtain the product; will
not settle for substitutes
Shopping products - Answers bought only after making comparisons in competing stores
Convenience products - Answers bought quickly with minimum effort
Unsought products - Answers buyers do not normally think of buying or do not know about it
Product mix - Answers complete set of all products offered including product lines (a group of similar
products)
Best product mix - Answers creates efficiency in production, selling, promotion, and distribution.
depends on the firms engineering, production, marketing skills, etc.
Brand name - Answers part of the brand that can be spoken
Properties of a good brand name - Answers easy to pronounce and remember, suggest something
about the product's benefits, appropriate for the product category, and suggest positive images to the
consumer
Brand mark - Answers part of a brand not made of words; often a symbol, design, character, etc.
Trademark - Answers legal designation that the owner had exclusive use of a brand or part of a brand
Legal aspects of branding - Answers a brand can be too successful; if the brand name becomes too
descriptive of a product category it runs the risk of becoming public property and losing its trademark
position
Manufacturer's brands - Answers owned and managed by the manufacturers. producers are
identified at the point of purchase
Private labels - Answers developed and marketed by a retailer. e.g. cvs cough syrup, trader joes
peanut butter
Generic brand - Answers no frills unbranded products
Lisensed brand - Answers one firm allows another to use its brand name in exchange for a fee or
royalty, or both
Brand equity - Answers the marketing and financial value associated with a brand's strength in a
market