1|Page
BIOLOGY 1322 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE
QUESTION BANK NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE - BLINN
COLLEGE CHAPTERS 1-16 | 200 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS & RATIONALES
Which foods do the 2015 Dietary Guidelines encourage?
......ANSWER......more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, fat-free dairy,
lean meats, seafood, oils instead of solid fats (potassium, vitamin D,
fiber, calcium)
Which foods do the 2015 Dietary Guidelines discourage?
......ANSWER......sodium, saturated fat, trans fat, sugars, refined grains,
alcohol
What is the functions of the mouth? ......ANSWER......ingestion,
mechanical digestion, chemical digestion (salivary glands; chews food)
What is the function of the pharynx and esophagus?
......ANSWER......propulsion (swelling and peristalsis move the bolus
from mouth to stomach)
Define gastrin ......ANSWER......a hormone that stimulates digestive
activities and increases gastric motility and emptying
,2|Page
What is the function of the stomach? ......ANSWER......mechanical
digestion, chemical digestion, absorption
(mix with acid and enzymes, stomach enzymes begin to digest proteins,
fat-soluble substances are absorbed)
What is the function of the small intestine? ......ANSWER......mechanical
digestion and propulsion, chemical digestion, absorption
(segmentation mixes with digestive juices, pancreatic and small
intestinal enzymes digest food, nutrients are absorbed into blood and
lymph)
What is the function of the large intestine? ......ANSWER......chemical
digestion, absorption, propulsion (remaining residues digested by
bacteria, reabsorbs salts, water, and vitamins, compacts waste to feces)
What if the function of the rectum ......ANSWER......elimination
(temporarily stores stool before voluntary release through anus)
What is the function of the liver? ......ANSWER......produces bile to
digest fats
What is the function of the gallbladder? ......ANSWER......stores bile
,3|Page
What is the function of the pancreas? ......ANSWER......produces
digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions that are released into the small
intestine via the pancreatic duct
Where are carbohydrates digested? ......ANSWER......mouth and
intestines
What is the function of the salivary amylase enzyme?
......ANSWER......starts breaking down amylose and amylopectin into
smaller starch units and maltose
Where is the salivary amylase enzyme found? ......ANSWER......saliva
What enzyme digests carbohydrates? ......ANSWER......Amylase
What is the function of the pancreatic amylase enzyme?
......ANSWER......breaks down remaining starch into maltose
Where is the pancreatic amylase enzyme found? ......ANSWER......small
intesine
What enzyme digests fats? ......ANSWER......Lipase
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Where does most digestion and absorption occur?
......ANSWER......small intestine
What are the three functions of the pancreas? ......ANSWER......1.
produces hormones
2. produces and secretes digestive enzymes
3. produce and secrete bicarbonate
What two hormones regulate blood glucose? ......ANSWER......insulin
and glucagon
What if the function of bile? ......ANSWER......helps digest fat
Where is bile produced and stored? ......ANSWER......liver and
gallbladder (respectively)
How and why is bile recycled? ......ANSWER......it can be reused by
recycling through the liver
Define peristalsis ......ANSWER......the forward, rhythmic motion that
moves chyme through the digestive system
Define chyme ......ANSWER......semiliquid substance of partially digested
food and digestive juices
BIOLOGY 1322 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE PRACTICE
QUESTION BANK NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE - BLINN
COLLEGE CHAPTERS 1-16 | 200 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS & RATIONALES
Which foods do the 2015 Dietary Guidelines encourage?
......ANSWER......more fruits and vegetables, whole grains, fat-free dairy,
lean meats, seafood, oils instead of solid fats (potassium, vitamin D,
fiber, calcium)
Which foods do the 2015 Dietary Guidelines discourage?
......ANSWER......sodium, saturated fat, trans fat, sugars, refined grains,
alcohol
What is the functions of the mouth? ......ANSWER......ingestion,
mechanical digestion, chemical digestion (salivary glands; chews food)
What is the function of the pharynx and esophagus?
......ANSWER......propulsion (swelling and peristalsis move the bolus
from mouth to stomach)
Define gastrin ......ANSWER......a hormone that stimulates digestive
activities and increases gastric motility and emptying
,2|Page
What is the function of the stomach? ......ANSWER......mechanical
digestion, chemical digestion, absorption
(mix with acid and enzymes, stomach enzymes begin to digest proteins,
fat-soluble substances are absorbed)
What is the function of the small intestine? ......ANSWER......mechanical
digestion and propulsion, chemical digestion, absorption
(segmentation mixes with digestive juices, pancreatic and small
intestinal enzymes digest food, nutrients are absorbed into blood and
lymph)
What is the function of the large intestine? ......ANSWER......chemical
digestion, absorption, propulsion (remaining residues digested by
bacteria, reabsorbs salts, water, and vitamins, compacts waste to feces)
What if the function of the rectum ......ANSWER......elimination
(temporarily stores stool before voluntary release through anus)
What is the function of the liver? ......ANSWER......produces bile to
digest fats
What is the function of the gallbladder? ......ANSWER......stores bile
,3|Page
What is the function of the pancreas? ......ANSWER......produces
digestive enzymes and bicarbonate ions that are released into the small
intestine via the pancreatic duct
Where are carbohydrates digested? ......ANSWER......mouth and
intestines
What is the function of the salivary amylase enzyme?
......ANSWER......starts breaking down amylose and amylopectin into
smaller starch units and maltose
Where is the salivary amylase enzyme found? ......ANSWER......saliva
What enzyme digests carbohydrates? ......ANSWER......Amylase
What is the function of the pancreatic amylase enzyme?
......ANSWER......breaks down remaining starch into maltose
Where is the pancreatic amylase enzyme found? ......ANSWER......small
intesine
What enzyme digests fats? ......ANSWER......Lipase
, 4|Page
Where does most digestion and absorption occur?
......ANSWER......small intestine
What are the three functions of the pancreas? ......ANSWER......1.
produces hormones
2. produces and secretes digestive enzymes
3. produce and secrete bicarbonate
What two hormones regulate blood glucose? ......ANSWER......insulin
and glucagon
What if the function of bile? ......ANSWER......helps digest fat
Where is bile produced and stored? ......ANSWER......liver and
gallbladder (respectively)
How and why is bile recycled? ......ANSWER......it can be reused by
recycling through the liver
Define peristalsis ......ANSWER......the forward, rhythmic motion that
moves chyme through the digestive system
Define chyme ......ANSWER......semiliquid substance of partially digested
food and digestive juices
