Psych 3325 Exam 1 with 100% Correct
Answers
Social Psychology - ANS-the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
ABC - ANS-Affect (feelings)
Behavior
Cognition (thoughts)
Drives (motivations)
Variable - ANS-Anything that can hold more than one value
Theory - ANS-Abstract or general idea about a phenomena
Hypothesis - ANS-A specific, testable prediction
Conceptual variables - ANS-broad, theoretical, abstract variables
operational variables - ANS-specific, observable, concrete
Observational research - ANS-describes a phenomenon
records observable behavior
Correlational research - ANS-examines the relationship between two or more variables
-1 truly negative (computer age goes up speed goes down)
0 no correlation
1 truly positive (shoe size increases so does height)
CORRELATION ≠ CAUSATION
self-fulfilling prophecy - ANS-the tendency for people to act in ways that bring about the
very thing they expect to happen.
priming - ANS-To momentarily activate a concept, and hence, make it accessible
Heuristic - ANS-mental shortcuts (rules) people use to make judgments quickly and
efficiently
, Availability heuristic - ANS-Basing a judgment on the ease with which you can
retrieve/simulate something
representative heuristic - ANS-judge something's likelihood or probability by
how similar it is to its prototype
Planning fallacy - ANS-The tendency for people to be unrealistically optimistic about
how quickly they can complete a project
counterfactual thinking - ANS-imagining how things could have been, either for better or
for worse.
attribution - ANS-an inference about the cause of behavior
automatic attribution - ANS-We attribute causes quickly.
thin slicing - ANS-the ability to find patterns in events based only on "thin slices," or
narrow windows, of experience
Which couples will get divorced years later
• Personality ratings like
trustworthiness
• Teaching
performance
dispositional attribution - ANS-A behavior is based on internal characteristics
Caused by something about the person (internal)
HI LO LO
situational attribution - ANS-A behavior reflects external circumstances
Caused by something about the situation
HI HI HI
Correspondent Inference Theory - ANS-Focus on when people will infer dispositions
• Free Choice - how voluntary is the behavior?
• Expectedness-is it unusual for someone to act that way?
• Effects-is the out come positive or negative?
covariation theory - ANS-causes and effects must co-occur
1) consistency (whether this person usually acts the same in the same situation)
2) consensus (whether other people usually act this way in the same situation)
3) distinctiveness (whether this person usually acts the same in other situations)
Fundamental Attribution Error - ANS-Overestimating impact of dispositional influences
Underestimating impact of situational influences
Answers
Social Psychology - ANS-the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
ABC - ANS-Affect (feelings)
Behavior
Cognition (thoughts)
Drives (motivations)
Variable - ANS-Anything that can hold more than one value
Theory - ANS-Abstract or general idea about a phenomena
Hypothesis - ANS-A specific, testable prediction
Conceptual variables - ANS-broad, theoretical, abstract variables
operational variables - ANS-specific, observable, concrete
Observational research - ANS-describes a phenomenon
records observable behavior
Correlational research - ANS-examines the relationship between two or more variables
-1 truly negative (computer age goes up speed goes down)
0 no correlation
1 truly positive (shoe size increases so does height)
CORRELATION ≠ CAUSATION
self-fulfilling prophecy - ANS-the tendency for people to act in ways that bring about the
very thing they expect to happen.
priming - ANS-To momentarily activate a concept, and hence, make it accessible
Heuristic - ANS-mental shortcuts (rules) people use to make judgments quickly and
efficiently
, Availability heuristic - ANS-Basing a judgment on the ease with which you can
retrieve/simulate something
representative heuristic - ANS-judge something's likelihood or probability by
how similar it is to its prototype
Planning fallacy - ANS-The tendency for people to be unrealistically optimistic about
how quickly they can complete a project
counterfactual thinking - ANS-imagining how things could have been, either for better or
for worse.
attribution - ANS-an inference about the cause of behavior
automatic attribution - ANS-We attribute causes quickly.
thin slicing - ANS-the ability to find patterns in events based only on "thin slices," or
narrow windows, of experience
Which couples will get divorced years later
• Personality ratings like
trustworthiness
• Teaching
performance
dispositional attribution - ANS-A behavior is based on internal characteristics
Caused by something about the person (internal)
HI LO LO
situational attribution - ANS-A behavior reflects external circumstances
Caused by something about the situation
HI HI HI
Correspondent Inference Theory - ANS-Focus on when people will infer dispositions
• Free Choice - how voluntary is the behavior?
• Expectedness-is it unusual for someone to act that way?
• Effects-is the out come positive or negative?
covariation theory - ANS-causes and effects must co-occur
1) consistency (whether this person usually acts the same in the same situation)
2) consensus (whether other people usually act this way in the same situation)
3) distinctiveness (whether this person usually acts the same in other situations)
Fundamental Attribution Error - ANS-Overestimating impact of dispositional influences
Underestimating impact of situational influences
