Bio 163 Exam 1 (Lecture) With
Complete Solutions
Anatomy - ANSWER the study of the structures of the human body
Physiology - ANSWER the study of the functions of the human body
Cytology - ANSWER the study of cells and their structures
Histology - ANSWER the study of tissues and their structures
Gross, Regional, Systemic, and Surface anatomies - ANSWER Gross: visible
structures
Regional: body areas
Systemic: group of organs working together
Surface: exterior features
Microscopic, Cytology and Histology anatomies - ANSWER Microscopic: cells &
molecules
Cytology: cells
Histology: tissues
Developmental (embryology) anatomy - ANSWER study of structural changes
from fertilization to maturity
Name the levels of organization from lowest to highest - ANSWER Chemical
(molecular)
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
, List the 11 organ systems of the body and briefly state their function - ANSWER
Integulentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphoid
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
M/F Reproductive
What is homeostasis? What will result when homeostatic regulation fails? -
ANSWER All body systems working together to maintain a stable internal
environment. Failure results in illness/disease.
What is meant by positive feedback? Negative feedback? Give an example of
each. - ANSWER Positive: speeds up processes. Body is moved away from
homeostasis. The response of the effector increases the change of the stimulus.
Normal range is lost. Examples: blood clotting, hormones during childbirth.
Negative: Body is brought back to homeostasis. The response of the effector
negates the stimulus. Normal range is achieved. Examples: thermoregulation
(body temp)
Review the regions of the human body - ANSWER Cephalic, Cervical, Thoracic,
Brachial, Antebrachial, Carpal, Manual, Abdominal, Lumbar, Gluteal, Pelvic,
Pubic, inguinal, Femoral, Crural, Sural, Tarsal, Pedal, Plantar
Review the abdominopelvic quadrants and regions. What might be the cause of
epigastric pain? - ANSWER See diagrams in lab or textbook. Epigastric pain -
stomach ulcers
Review the directional terms. - ANSWER Anterior/Posterior
Dorsa/Ventral
Cranial (Cephalic)
Superior/Inferior
Caudal
Medial/Lateral
Proximal/Distal
Superficial/Deep
Review the sectional planes of the body. - ANSWER Saggital, Transverse,
Frontal (Coronal)
Complete Solutions
Anatomy - ANSWER the study of the structures of the human body
Physiology - ANSWER the study of the functions of the human body
Cytology - ANSWER the study of cells and their structures
Histology - ANSWER the study of tissues and their structures
Gross, Regional, Systemic, and Surface anatomies - ANSWER Gross: visible
structures
Regional: body areas
Systemic: group of organs working together
Surface: exterior features
Microscopic, Cytology and Histology anatomies - ANSWER Microscopic: cells &
molecules
Cytology: cells
Histology: tissues
Developmental (embryology) anatomy - ANSWER study of structural changes
from fertilization to maturity
Name the levels of organization from lowest to highest - ANSWER Chemical
(molecular)
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
, List the 11 organ systems of the body and briefly state their function - ANSWER
Integulentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphoid
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
M/F Reproductive
What is homeostasis? What will result when homeostatic regulation fails? -
ANSWER All body systems working together to maintain a stable internal
environment. Failure results in illness/disease.
What is meant by positive feedback? Negative feedback? Give an example of
each. - ANSWER Positive: speeds up processes. Body is moved away from
homeostasis. The response of the effector increases the change of the stimulus.
Normal range is lost. Examples: blood clotting, hormones during childbirth.
Negative: Body is brought back to homeostasis. The response of the effector
negates the stimulus. Normal range is achieved. Examples: thermoregulation
(body temp)
Review the regions of the human body - ANSWER Cephalic, Cervical, Thoracic,
Brachial, Antebrachial, Carpal, Manual, Abdominal, Lumbar, Gluteal, Pelvic,
Pubic, inguinal, Femoral, Crural, Sural, Tarsal, Pedal, Plantar
Review the abdominopelvic quadrants and regions. What might be the cause of
epigastric pain? - ANSWER See diagrams in lab or textbook. Epigastric pain -
stomach ulcers
Review the directional terms. - ANSWER Anterior/Posterior
Dorsa/Ventral
Cranial (Cephalic)
Superior/Inferior
Caudal
Medial/Lateral
Proximal/Distal
Superficial/Deep
Review the sectional planes of the body. - ANSWER Saggital, Transverse,
Frontal (Coronal)
