REPRODUCTIVE PATHOPHYS FEMALE EXAM UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
bartholins glands
Answer:
located on both sides of vaginal opening
- Secrete fluid to lubricate vagina
Question:
bartholin's cyst
Answer:
Ducts on glands can become obstructed, causing fluid to be blocked & swelling
Question:
internal female structures
Answer:
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina
Question:
the egg
Answer:
largest cell in human body; when girl is born, her complete egg supply is born with her
- At birth, girl has 2 million eggs
- By puberty, there are only 400,000 left of which fewer than 500 are actually released
Question:
ovulation
Answer:
release of an egg from ovary (usually 1); every 28 days on average
Question:
egg travel
Answer:
down fallopian tube from ovary toward uterus, being moved by cilia; occurs over a
course of approx. 30 hours
Question:
pregnancy
Answer:
occurs if sperm fertilizes egg & egg implants into thickened uterine lining
(endometrium)
, Question:
if egg is not implanted...
Answer:
uterine lining is shed during menstruation
Question:
uterine wall layer- endometrium
Answer:
inner layer; most active wall layer
- Essential to menstrual & reproductive function
- Provides environment for embryo implantation
Question:
uterine wall layer- myometrium
Answer:
middle layer; makes most of uterine volume
- Muscular layer made up of smooth muscle cells
- Expels menstrual blood & endometrial tissue during menses
Question:
uterine wall layer- perimetrium
Answer:
outer layer/external boundary of uterus; made of epithelial cells
- Forms barrier to protect uterus from infections from spreading from peritoneal cavity
Question:
female hormones- follicle stimulating hormone
Answer:
produced in anterior pituitary; stimulates growth of follicles in ovary
- Due to this hormone, increasing amt of estrogen are produced by developing follicles
Question:
female hormones- luteinizing hormone
Answer:
produced in anterior pituitary; acts on ovary to cause ovulation
- Transforms ruptured follicle into corpus luteum which produces progesterone &
estrogen
Question:
corpus luteum
Answer:
continues producing hormones for the 1st 10-12 weeks of pregnancy until placenta
develops sufficiently to take over hormone production
- If pregnancy doesn't occur, it degenerates about 14 days (corpus albicans) causing
progesterone levels to drop; hormone withdrawal triggers menstruation & beginning of
a new cycle
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
bartholins glands
Answer:
located on both sides of vaginal opening
- Secrete fluid to lubricate vagina
Question:
bartholin's cyst
Answer:
Ducts on glands can become obstructed, causing fluid to be blocked & swelling
Question:
internal female structures
Answer:
ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina
Question:
the egg
Answer:
largest cell in human body; when girl is born, her complete egg supply is born with her
- At birth, girl has 2 million eggs
- By puberty, there are only 400,000 left of which fewer than 500 are actually released
Question:
ovulation
Answer:
release of an egg from ovary (usually 1); every 28 days on average
Question:
egg travel
Answer:
down fallopian tube from ovary toward uterus, being moved by cilia; occurs over a
course of approx. 30 hours
Question:
pregnancy
Answer:
occurs if sperm fertilizes egg & egg implants into thickened uterine lining
(endometrium)
, Question:
if egg is not implanted...
Answer:
uterine lining is shed during menstruation
Question:
uterine wall layer- endometrium
Answer:
inner layer; most active wall layer
- Essential to menstrual & reproductive function
- Provides environment for embryo implantation
Question:
uterine wall layer- myometrium
Answer:
middle layer; makes most of uterine volume
- Muscular layer made up of smooth muscle cells
- Expels menstrual blood & endometrial tissue during menses
Question:
uterine wall layer- perimetrium
Answer:
outer layer/external boundary of uterus; made of epithelial cells
- Forms barrier to protect uterus from infections from spreading from peritoneal cavity
Question:
female hormones- follicle stimulating hormone
Answer:
produced in anterior pituitary; stimulates growth of follicles in ovary
- Due to this hormone, increasing amt of estrogen are produced by developing follicles
Question:
female hormones- luteinizing hormone
Answer:
produced in anterior pituitary; acts on ovary to cause ovulation
- Transforms ruptured follicle into corpus luteum which produces progesterone &
estrogen
Question:
corpus luteum
Answer:
continues producing hormones for the 1st 10-12 weeks of pregnancy until placenta
develops sufficiently to take over hormone production
- If pregnancy doesn't occur, it degenerates about 14 days (corpus albicans) causing
progesterone levels to drop; hormone withdrawal triggers menstruation & beginning of
a new cycle
