Renal And Urologic Advanced Patho Exam Updated Actual Questions And Correct Answers

RENAL AND UROLOGIC ADVANCED PATHO EXAM
UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS

Question:
The region of the kidneys that contains the glomeruli is called the:
A. columns.
B. medulla.
C. pyramids.
D. cortex.
Answer:
D

Question:
Which type of nephron determines the concentration of the urine?
A. Cortical
B. Juxtamedullary
C. Medullary
D. Midcortical
Answer:
B

Question:
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is primarily caused by:
A. inflammatory factors that stimulate cellular proliferation of epithelial cells.
B. swelling of mesangial cells in the Bowman space in response to the presence of
bacteria.
C. immune complex deposition in the glomerular capillaries and inflammatory damage.
D. accumulation of antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies.
Answer:
C

Question:
When a staff member asks which of the following substances is actively secreted by the
renal tubules, what is the nurse's best response?
A. Phosphate and calcium
B. Sodium and chlorine
C. Hydrogen and potassium
D. Bicarbonate and carbonic acid
Answer:
C

,Question:
A 75 year old reports loss of urine with cough, sneezing, or laughing. These symptoms
support which diagnosis?
A. Functional incontinence
B. Overflow incontinence
C. Urge incontinence
D. Stress incontinence
Answer:
D

Question:
When a 42 year old is diagnosed with chronic renal failure, which dietary restriction
will the nurse discuss with the patient?
A. Complex carbohydrates
B. Fats
C. Sugars
D. Proteins
Answer:
D

Question:
Which explains the purpose of Kussmaul respiration in the oliguric phase of AKI?
A. To compensate for the strain on the heart due to hyperkalemia
B. To compensate for changes in sodium levels
C. To compensate for acid-base imbalance
D. To compensate for lack of oxygen
Answer:
C

Question:
Which is the cause of polycystic kidney disease?
A. Trauma
B. Repeated episodes of dehydration
C. Recurrent infection
D. Genetic factor
Answer:
D

Question:
Which prerenal etiology is due to a lack of blood flow to the kidney?
A. Systemic vasodilation
B. Hypoperfusion
C. Afferent arteriole vasoconstriction
D. Hypovolemia
Answer:
B

, Question:
Which are ureteral obstructive causes in postrenal acute kidney injury? Select all that
apply
A. Kidney stones
B. Multiple sclerosis
C. Phimosis
D. Blood clots
E. Stenosis
Answer:
A, D, E

Question:
Which explains how hydronephrosis can result in acute kidney injury (AKI)?
A. A build-up of waste products in the blood causes failure of the nephrons to produce
enough urine.
B. A backflow of urine causes increased intrarenal pressure.
C. Obstruction of urinary flow in the nephron results in reduced urine output.
D. Direct damage to the kidneys causes sudden loss in kidney function.
Answer:
B

Question:
When the nurse discusses the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule together, it is referred
to as the renal:
A. Capsule
B. Corpuscle
C. Pyramid
D. Medulla
Answer:
B

Question:
Mechanisms for defense against urinary pathogens in men include: (Select all that
apply.)
A. the antimicrobial secretions from the prostate.
B. the alkaline pH of urine.
C. the long length of the urethra.
D. the implantation of the ureters in the bladder.
E. the secretion of mucus that traps bacteria.
Answer:
A, C