Real Estate U Final Exam Study Guide| Latest Updated 2026/2027 (Graded A+)
Article 12-A of the NYS Real Property Law ✔️The section of the New York Real Property Law
pertaining to real estate salespersons and brokers.
- Primary purpose is to "Protect the Public"
- Requires a salesperson to be at least 18 years of age
- Requires a broker to be at least 20 years of age
Sponsor ✔️A licensed real estate broker that holds the license of a salesperson.
"Summary of Your Submission" ✔️Obtained after your register for the New York State
Salesperson exam using eAccessNY. You must bring this with
you when taking the State exam.
Misdemeanor ✔️A crime punishable by up to a year in prison and/or a $1,000 fine.
Listing Agreement ✔️An employment contract between principal and agent, authorizing the
agent to perform services for the principle involving the latter's property.
Pocket Card ✔️A card issued by the Department of State to each licensee which contains the
photo, name and business address of the licensee, and, in the case of a real estate
salesperson, the name and business address of the broker with whom he or she is associated
and shall certify that the person whose name appears thereon is a licensed real estate broker or
salesperson.
- Must be carried by the agent at all times when serving as a salesperson.
Fiduciary ✔️A person who on behalf of or for the benefit of another transacts business or
handles money or property not the person's own; such relationship implies great confidence and
trust.
OLD CAR ✔️- Obedience
- Loyalty
- Disclosure
- Confidentiality
- Accountability
- Reasonable Care
Disclosure Regarding Real Estate Agency Relationships Form ✔️A written explanation, to
be signed by a prospective buyer or seller of real estate, explaining to the client the role that the
broker plays in the transaction.
- First document to be submitted to all prospective clients
Exclusive Agency ✔️An agreement of employment of a broker to the exclusion of all other
brokers; if sale is made by any other broker during term of employment, broker holding
, exclusive agency is entitled to commissions in addition to the commissions payable to the
broker who effected the transaction
- Made between a broker and a seller
Principal ✔️The employer of an agent or broker; the broker's or agent's client.
Price Fixing ✔️Conspiring to establish fixed fees or prices for services or products.
Market Allocation ✔️An agreement between members of a trade to refrain from competition in specific market areas.
Independent Contractor Relationship ✔️A person that provides services to another under
terms specified in a contract or within a verbal agreement. An independent contractor is not an
employee.
- The agent does not have to work in a specific location
- The broker cannot control the agent's work activities
Bundle of Rights ✔️The premise that the ownership of real estate consists of the ownership of
various rights associated with it. These rights include the right to use and/or occupy, the right to
sell in whole or in part, the right to lease, the right to bequeath and the right to do none of the
foregoing.
- Includes the right to quiet enjoyment
Littoral Rights ✔️The right of a property owner whose land borders on a body of water, such as a lake, ocean or sea, to reasonable use and
enjoyment of the shore and water the property borders on.
Riparian Rights ✔️The right of a property owner whose land borders a natural water course, such as a river, to reasonable use and enjoyment of
the water that flows past the property.
This term literally means "riverbank"
Specific Lien ✔️A lien that only binds to a specific asset or property (Example: mortgage).
Voluntary Lien ✔️A contractual or consensual lien that is created by an action taken by the debtor, such as a mortgage loan to buy real estate
(Example: mortgage).
Tax Lien ✔️A lien imposed by law upon a property to secure the payment of taxes
Easement ✔️A right to cross or otherwise use someone else's property for a specified purpose.
Encumbrance ✔️Any right to or interest in the land interfering with its use or transfer, or subjecting it to an obligation.
Affirmative Easement Appurtenant ✔️Parcels without access to a public way may have an
easement of access over adjacent land if crossing that land is absolutely necessary to reach the landlocked parcel and there has been some
original intent to provide the lot with access.
Full Covenant and Warranty Deed ✔️A type of deed where the grantor guarantees that he or
she holds clear title to a piece of real estate and has a right to sell it to the grantee. This type of deed contains the strongest guarantee of title.
Quitclaim Deed ✔️A deed which conveys simply the grantor's rights or interest in real estate,
without any agreement or covenant as to the nature or extent of that interest, or any other covenants; usually used to remove a cloud from the
title.
Habendum Clause ✔️A clause in a deed or lease that defines the type of interest and rights to be enjoyed by the grantee or lessee. Also known
as the "to have and to hold'" clause.
Article 12-A of the NYS Real Property Law ✔️The section of the New York Real Property Law
pertaining to real estate salespersons and brokers.
- Primary purpose is to "Protect the Public"
- Requires a salesperson to be at least 18 years of age
- Requires a broker to be at least 20 years of age
Sponsor ✔️A licensed real estate broker that holds the license of a salesperson.
"Summary of Your Submission" ✔️Obtained after your register for the New York State
Salesperson exam using eAccessNY. You must bring this with
you when taking the State exam.
Misdemeanor ✔️A crime punishable by up to a year in prison and/or a $1,000 fine.
Listing Agreement ✔️An employment contract between principal and agent, authorizing the
agent to perform services for the principle involving the latter's property.
Pocket Card ✔️A card issued by the Department of State to each licensee which contains the
photo, name and business address of the licensee, and, in the case of a real estate
salesperson, the name and business address of the broker with whom he or she is associated
and shall certify that the person whose name appears thereon is a licensed real estate broker or
salesperson.
- Must be carried by the agent at all times when serving as a salesperson.
Fiduciary ✔️A person who on behalf of or for the benefit of another transacts business or
handles money or property not the person's own; such relationship implies great confidence and
trust.
OLD CAR ✔️- Obedience
- Loyalty
- Disclosure
- Confidentiality
- Accountability
- Reasonable Care
Disclosure Regarding Real Estate Agency Relationships Form ✔️A written explanation, to
be signed by a prospective buyer or seller of real estate, explaining to the client the role that the
broker plays in the transaction.
- First document to be submitted to all prospective clients
Exclusive Agency ✔️An agreement of employment of a broker to the exclusion of all other
brokers; if sale is made by any other broker during term of employment, broker holding
, exclusive agency is entitled to commissions in addition to the commissions payable to the
broker who effected the transaction
- Made between a broker and a seller
Principal ✔️The employer of an agent or broker; the broker's or agent's client.
Price Fixing ✔️Conspiring to establish fixed fees or prices for services or products.
Market Allocation ✔️An agreement between members of a trade to refrain from competition in specific market areas.
Independent Contractor Relationship ✔️A person that provides services to another under
terms specified in a contract or within a verbal agreement. An independent contractor is not an
employee.
- The agent does not have to work in a specific location
- The broker cannot control the agent's work activities
Bundle of Rights ✔️The premise that the ownership of real estate consists of the ownership of
various rights associated with it. These rights include the right to use and/or occupy, the right to
sell in whole or in part, the right to lease, the right to bequeath and the right to do none of the
foregoing.
- Includes the right to quiet enjoyment
Littoral Rights ✔️The right of a property owner whose land borders on a body of water, such as a lake, ocean or sea, to reasonable use and
enjoyment of the shore and water the property borders on.
Riparian Rights ✔️The right of a property owner whose land borders a natural water course, such as a river, to reasonable use and enjoyment of
the water that flows past the property.
This term literally means "riverbank"
Specific Lien ✔️A lien that only binds to a specific asset or property (Example: mortgage).
Voluntary Lien ✔️A contractual or consensual lien that is created by an action taken by the debtor, such as a mortgage loan to buy real estate
(Example: mortgage).
Tax Lien ✔️A lien imposed by law upon a property to secure the payment of taxes
Easement ✔️A right to cross or otherwise use someone else's property for a specified purpose.
Encumbrance ✔️Any right to or interest in the land interfering with its use or transfer, or subjecting it to an obligation.
Affirmative Easement Appurtenant ✔️Parcels without access to a public way may have an
easement of access over adjacent land if crossing that land is absolutely necessary to reach the landlocked parcel and there has been some
original intent to provide the lot with access.
Full Covenant and Warranty Deed ✔️A type of deed where the grantor guarantees that he or
she holds clear title to a piece of real estate and has a right to sell it to the grantee. This type of deed contains the strongest guarantee of title.
Quitclaim Deed ✔️A deed which conveys simply the grantor's rights or interest in real estate,
without any agreement or covenant as to the nature or extent of that interest, or any other covenants; usually used to remove a cloud from the
title.
Habendum Clause ✔️A clause in a deed or lease that defines the type of interest and rights to be enjoyed by the grantee or lessee. Also known
as the "to have and to hold'" clause.
