Chamberlain University NR 449 Exam 1 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | EBP Q&A |
Evidence-Based Practice
1. Which of the following best defines evidence-based practice (EBP) in
nursing?
A) Using intuition and personal experience to make clinical decisions
B) Integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
values
C) Following institutional policies and procedures without question
D) Relying solely on randomized controlled trials for all decisions
Correct Answer: Integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise
and patient values
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem-solving approach that
integrates the best available research evidence, the nurse's clinical
expertise, and the patient's unique preferences and values to make informed
clinical decisions. It is a conscientious and judicious use of current best
evidence in making decisions about patient care.
2. What is the primary purpose of nursing research?
A) To confirm existing nursing practices
B) To generate new knowledge to inform and improve nursing practice
C) To satisfy accreditation requirements for hospitals
D) To promote nursing as a profession
Correct Answer: To generate new knowledge to inform and improve nursing
practice
Rationale: Nursing research is a systematic process of inquiry that uses
rigorous guidelines to produce unbiased, trustworthy answers to questions
,about nursing practice. Its primary purpose is to generate new knowledge
that can be used to improve patient care and outcomes.
3. Which historical figure is most credited with introducing scientific inquiry
into nursing?
A) Clara Barton
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is known for introducing scientific inquiry into
nursing. She used data collection and analysis to improve sanitation and
patient outcomes during the Crimean War, laying the foundation for
evidence-based practice.
4. What is the role of peer review in nursing research?
A) To provide financial support for research studies
B) To provide an objective, third-party review to ensure the quality of
research
C) To assist researchers in data collection
D) To promote research findings to the public
Correct Answer: To provide an objective, third-party review to ensure the
quality of research
Rationale: Peer review provides an objective, third-party review to ensure
quality, often in a blinded manner. This process helps to validate research
,findings and ensure that published studies meet rigorous scientific
standards.
5. Which of the following is considered research misconduct?
A) Using a small sample size
B) Publishing research findings that contradict previous studies
C) Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism of data
D) Conducting research without a control group
Correct Answer: Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism of data
Rationale: Research misconduct includes fabrication (making up data),
falsification (manipulating data), plagiarism (using others' work without
credit), undisclosed conflicts of interest, misleading authorship, and duplicate
publication.
6. What is the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)?
A) A private organization that funds nursing research
B) An institute within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) focused on
nursing research
C) A regulatory body that licenses nurses
D) A professional organization for nurse researchers
Correct Answer: An institute within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
focused on nursing research
Rationale: The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) is an institute
established within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to focus on nursing
research. It supports research on health and illness across the lifespan.
, 7. What is the primary goal of evidence-based nursing practice?
A) Reducing the need for clinical expertise
B) Eliminating the need for patient preferences
C) Improving the quality and consistency of patient care
D) Reducing the number of nurses needed on a unit
Correct Answer: Improving the quality and consistency of patient care
Rationale: The primary goal of EBP is to provide the highest quality, most
effective care possible by using current best evidence, leading to improved
patient outcomes and more consistent care across settings.
8. Which of the following is the first step in the evidence-based practice
process?
A) Appraising the evidence
B) Implementing the intervention
C) Formulating a clinical question
D) Searching the literature
Correct Answer: Formulating a clinical question
Rationale: The EBP process begins with formulating a clear, focused clinical
question, typically using the PICOT format. This initial step is crucial because
it guides the subsequent literature search and determines which evidence
will be relevant.
9. What does the acronym PICOT stand for in evidence-based practice?
A) Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
Evidence-Based Practice
1. Which of the following best defines evidence-based practice (EBP) in
nursing?
A) Using intuition and personal experience to make clinical decisions
B) Integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
values
C) Following institutional policies and procedures without question
D) Relying solely on randomized controlled trials for all decisions
Correct Answer: Integrating the best research evidence with clinical expertise
and patient values
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a problem-solving approach that
integrates the best available research evidence, the nurse's clinical
expertise, and the patient's unique preferences and values to make informed
clinical decisions. It is a conscientious and judicious use of current best
evidence in making decisions about patient care.
2. What is the primary purpose of nursing research?
A) To confirm existing nursing practices
B) To generate new knowledge to inform and improve nursing practice
C) To satisfy accreditation requirements for hospitals
D) To promote nursing as a profession
Correct Answer: To generate new knowledge to inform and improve nursing
practice
Rationale: Nursing research is a systematic process of inquiry that uses
rigorous guidelines to produce unbiased, trustworthy answers to questions
,about nursing practice. Its primary purpose is to generate new knowledge
that can be used to improve patient care and outcomes.
3. Which historical figure is most credited with introducing scientific inquiry
into nursing?
A) Clara Barton
B) Lillian Wald
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Dorothea Dix
Correct Answer: Florence Nightingale
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is known for introducing scientific inquiry into
nursing. She used data collection and analysis to improve sanitation and
patient outcomes during the Crimean War, laying the foundation for
evidence-based practice.
4. What is the role of peer review in nursing research?
A) To provide financial support for research studies
B) To provide an objective, third-party review to ensure the quality of
research
C) To assist researchers in data collection
D) To promote research findings to the public
Correct Answer: To provide an objective, third-party review to ensure the
quality of research
Rationale: Peer review provides an objective, third-party review to ensure
quality, often in a blinded manner. This process helps to validate research
,findings and ensure that published studies meet rigorous scientific
standards.
5. Which of the following is considered research misconduct?
A) Using a small sample size
B) Publishing research findings that contradict previous studies
C) Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism of data
D) Conducting research without a control group
Correct Answer: Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism of data
Rationale: Research misconduct includes fabrication (making up data),
falsification (manipulating data), plagiarism (using others' work without
credit), undisclosed conflicts of interest, misleading authorship, and duplicate
publication.
6. What is the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)?
A) A private organization that funds nursing research
B) An institute within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) focused on
nursing research
C) A regulatory body that licenses nurses
D) A professional organization for nurse researchers
Correct Answer: An institute within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
focused on nursing research
Rationale: The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) is an institute
established within the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to focus on nursing
research. It supports research on health and illness across the lifespan.
, 7. What is the primary goal of evidence-based nursing practice?
A) Reducing the need for clinical expertise
B) Eliminating the need for patient preferences
C) Improving the quality and consistency of patient care
D) Reducing the number of nurses needed on a unit
Correct Answer: Improving the quality and consistency of patient care
Rationale: The primary goal of EBP is to provide the highest quality, most
effective care possible by using current best evidence, leading to improved
patient outcomes and more consistent care across settings.
8. Which of the following is the first step in the evidence-based practice
process?
A) Appraising the evidence
B) Implementing the intervention
C) Formulating a clinical question
D) Searching the literature
Correct Answer: Formulating a clinical question
Rationale: The EBP process begins with formulating a clear, focused clinical
question, typically using the PICOT format. This initial step is crucial because
it guides the subsequent literature search and determines which evidence
will be relevant.
9. What does the acronym PICOT stand for in evidence-based practice?
A) Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
