MN 553 Pharm Final Questions
With Complete Solutions
Course
MN 553 / MN553
1. A patient taking warfarin begins therapy with trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. What is the greatest concern?
A. Decreased INR and thrombosis
B. Increased INR and bleeding
C. Reduced warfarin absorption
D. Hypertension
Answer: B. Increased INR and bleeding
Solution:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibits warfarin metabolism, increasing
anticoagulant effects and bleeding risk. INR should be monitored closely, and
warfarin dosage may need adjustment.
2. Which antihypertensive medication is contraindicated during
pregnancy?
A. Labetalol
B. Nifedipine
C. Methyldopa
D. Lisinopril
Answer: D. Lisinopril
Solution:
ACE inhibitors are teratogenic and may cause fetal renal damage,
oligohydramnios, and fetal death. They should be discontinued immediately
if pregnancy occurs.
3. Which insulin has the fastest onset of action?
A. Glargine
,B. Lispro
C. NPH
D. Detemir
Answer: B. Lispro
Solution:
Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of approximately 15
minutes, making it ideal for mealtime glucose control.
4. A patient taking metformin develops severe renal impairment.
What should be done?
A. Increase the dose
B. Continue therapy unchanged
C. Discontinue metformin
D. Add glyburide
Answer: C. Discontinue metformin
Solution:
Metformin is contraindicated in significant renal impairment because of the
increased risk of lactic acidosis.
5. Which statin adverse effect requires immediate evaluation?
A. Mild headache
B. Myalgia with elevated creatine kinase
C. Dry mouth
D. Mild constipation
Answer: B. Myalgia with elevated creatine kinase
Solution:
Muscle pain accompanied by elevated CK may indicate myopathy or
rhabdomyolysis, a rare but serious adverse effect.
,6. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
A. Propranolol
B. Nadolol
C. Metoprolol
D. Timolol
Answer: C. Metoprolol
Solution:
Metoprolol primarily blocks β1 receptors, making it more cardioselective than
nonselective beta-blockers.
7. Which medication is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Naloxone
Solution:
Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression by
competitively blocking opioid receptors.
8. Which antibiotic should generally be avoided in children because
of tooth discoloration?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Cephalexin
Answer: C. Doxycycline
, Solution:
Tetracyclines may permanently discolor developing teeth and affect bone
growth in young children.
9. Which medication requires routine monitoring of serum lithium
levels?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Sertraline
C. Lithium
D. Buspirone
Answer: C. Lithium
Solution:
Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index. Regular serum level monitoring
helps prevent toxicity.
10. Which medication is classified as a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Famotidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Calcium carbonate
D. Sucralfate
Answer: B. Omeprazole
Solution:
Omeprazole irreversibly inhibits the gastric proton pump, significantly
reducing acid secretion.
11. Which diuretic commonly causes hypokalemia?
A. Spironolactone
B. Amiloride
C. Furosemide
With Complete Solutions
Course
MN 553 / MN553
1. A patient taking warfarin begins therapy with trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole. What is the greatest concern?
A. Decreased INR and thrombosis
B. Increased INR and bleeding
C. Reduced warfarin absorption
D. Hypertension
Answer: B. Increased INR and bleeding
Solution:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole inhibits warfarin metabolism, increasing
anticoagulant effects and bleeding risk. INR should be monitored closely, and
warfarin dosage may need adjustment.
2. Which antihypertensive medication is contraindicated during
pregnancy?
A. Labetalol
B. Nifedipine
C. Methyldopa
D. Lisinopril
Answer: D. Lisinopril
Solution:
ACE inhibitors are teratogenic and may cause fetal renal damage,
oligohydramnios, and fetal death. They should be discontinued immediately
if pregnancy occurs.
3. Which insulin has the fastest onset of action?
A. Glargine
,B. Lispro
C. NPH
D. Detemir
Answer: B. Lispro
Solution:
Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of approximately 15
minutes, making it ideal for mealtime glucose control.
4. A patient taking metformin develops severe renal impairment.
What should be done?
A. Increase the dose
B. Continue therapy unchanged
C. Discontinue metformin
D. Add glyburide
Answer: C. Discontinue metformin
Solution:
Metformin is contraindicated in significant renal impairment because of the
increased risk of lactic acidosis.
5. Which statin adverse effect requires immediate evaluation?
A. Mild headache
B. Myalgia with elevated creatine kinase
C. Dry mouth
D. Mild constipation
Answer: B. Myalgia with elevated creatine kinase
Solution:
Muscle pain accompanied by elevated CK may indicate myopathy or
rhabdomyolysis, a rare but serious adverse effect.
,6. Which beta-blocker is cardioselective?
A. Propranolol
B. Nadolol
C. Metoprolol
D. Timolol
Answer: C. Metoprolol
Solution:
Metoprolol primarily blocks β1 receptors, making it more cardioselective than
nonselective beta-blockers.
7. Which medication is the antidote for opioid overdose?
A. Flumazenil
B. Naloxone
C. Protamine
D. Vitamin K
Answer: B. Naloxone
Solution:
Naloxone rapidly reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression by
competitively blocking opioid receptors.
8. Which antibiotic should generally be avoided in children because
of tooth discoloration?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Doxycycline
D. Cephalexin
Answer: C. Doxycycline
, Solution:
Tetracyclines may permanently discolor developing teeth and affect bone
growth in young children.
9. Which medication requires routine monitoring of serum lithium
levels?
A. Fluoxetine
B. Sertraline
C. Lithium
D. Buspirone
Answer: C. Lithium
Solution:
Lithium has a narrow therapeutic index. Regular serum level monitoring
helps prevent toxicity.
10. Which medication is classified as a proton pump inhibitor?
A. Famotidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Calcium carbonate
D. Sucralfate
Answer: B. Omeprazole
Solution:
Omeprazole irreversibly inhibits the gastric proton pump, significantly
reducing acid secretion.
11. Which diuretic commonly causes hypokalemia?
A. Spironolactone
B. Amiloride
C. Furosemide
