WGU D426 DATA MANAGEMENT:
FOUNDATIONS OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
(OA) STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM REVIEW
First Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER -Every non-key column depends
on the primary key. Every primary key value appears in exactly one row,
and each non-key cell contains exactly one value. Each primary key is
related to exactly one non-key value.
Entity-Relationship Model - CORRECT ANSWER -An ______
__________________ ________ is a high-level representation of data
requirements, ignoring implementation details.
Entity - CORRECT ANSWER -A person, place, product, concept, or activity.
Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A statement about two entities.
Attribute - CORRECT ANSWER -A descriptive property of an entity.
Reflexive Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A _________
____________ relates an entity to itself.
,Entity-Relationship Diagram - CORRECT ANSWER -An _____________
______________, commonly called an ER diagram, is a schematic
picture of entities, relationships, and attributes. Entities are drawn as
rectangles.
Entity Type - CORRECT ANSWER -An ______ _______ is a set of things.
Ex: All employees in a company.
Relationship Type - CORRECT ANSWER -A _____________ _____ is a
set of related things.
Attribute Instance - CORRECT ANSWER -An attribute instance is an
individual value.
Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ develops an entity-
relationship model, capturing data requirements while ignoring
implementation details.
Logical - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ design converts the entity-
relationship model into tables, columns, and keys for a particular database
system.
Physical - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ design adds indexes and
specifies how tables are organized on storage media.
, Analysis Steps - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Discover entities, relationships, and
attributes
2. Determine cardinality
3. Distinguish strong and weak entities
4. Create supertype and subtype entities
Logical Design Steps - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Implement entities
2. Implement relationships
3. Implement attributes
4. Apply normal form
Cardinality - CORRECT ANSWER -Refers to maxima and minima of
relationships and attributes.
Relationship minimum - CORRECT ANSWER -______________
____________ is the least number of instances of one entity that can
relate to a single instance of another entity.
Subtype - CORRECT ANSWER -A _________ entity is a subset of another
entity type, called the supertype entity.
IsA relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A supertype entity identifies its
subtype entities. The identifying relationship is called an ____
________________.
FOUNDATIONS OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
(OA) STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM REVIEW
First Normal Form - CORRECT ANSWER -Every non-key column depends
on the primary key. Every primary key value appears in exactly one row,
and each non-key cell contains exactly one value. Each primary key is
related to exactly one non-key value.
Entity-Relationship Model - CORRECT ANSWER -An ______
__________________ ________ is a high-level representation of data
requirements, ignoring implementation details.
Entity - CORRECT ANSWER -A person, place, product, concept, or activity.
Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A statement about two entities.
Attribute - CORRECT ANSWER -A descriptive property of an entity.
Reflexive Relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A _________
____________ relates an entity to itself.
,Entity-Relationship Diagram - CORRECT ANSWER -An _____________
______________, commonly called an ER diagram, is a schematic
picture of entities, relationships, and attributes. Entities are drawn as
rectangles.
Entity Type - CORRECT ANSWER -An ______ _______ is a set of things.
Ex: All employees in a company.
Relationship Type - CORRECT ANSWER -A _____________ _____ is a
set of related things.
Attribute Instance - CORRECT ANSWER -An attribute instance is an
individual value.
Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ develops an entity-
relationship model, capturing data requirements while ignoring
implementation details.
Logical - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ design converts the entity-
relationship model into tables, columns, and keys for a particular database
system.
Physical - CORRECT ANSWER -__________ design adds indexes and
specifies how tables are organized on storage media.
, Analysis Steps - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Discover entities, relationships, and
attributes
2. Determine cardinality
3. Distinguish strong and weak entities
4. Create supertype and subtype entities
Logical Design Steps - CORRECT ANSWER -1. Implement entities
2. Implement relationships
3. Implement attributes
4. Apply normal form
Cardinality - CORRECT ANSWER -Refers to maxima and minima of
relationships and attributes.
Relationship minimum - CORRECT ANSWER -______________
____________ is the least number of instances of one entity that can
relate to a single instance of another entity.
Subtype - CORRECT ANSWER -A _________ entity is a subset of another
entity type, called the supertype entity.
IsA relationship - CORRECT ANSWER -A supertype entity identifies its
subtype entities. The identifying relationship is called an ____
________________.
