NP EXAM|VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS|RATED
AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
Primary prevention - ANSWER✔ prevent the onset or acquisition of a given disease.
education and counseling
the most effective form of healthcare.
Secondary prevention - ANSWER✔ to identify and treat asymptomatic persons who have risk factors
for a given disease or in preclinical disease.
screening,
BP for HTN
Lipid Profile for HLD
Tertiary prevention - ANSWER✔ management of an established disease.
minimize disease
medications and lifestyle modification to normalize
aimed at improving or minimizing disease-related symptoms.
Active immunity is defined as - ANSWER✔ resistance developed in response to an antigen.
Which of the following statements best describes zanamivir (Relenza) or oseltamivir (Tamiflu) use in the
care of patients with or at risk for influenza? - ANSWER✔ Initiation of therapy early in acute influenza
illness can help minimize the severity of disease when the illness is caused by a nonresistant viral strain.
Preventive Services Recommended by the USPSTF - ANSWER✔
,Preventive Services Recommended by the USPSTF 2 - ANSWER✔
In an immunocompetent adult, the length of incubation for the influenza virus is on average: -
ANSWER✔ 1-4 days
Adults pass the illness on 1 day before the onset of symptoms and continue to remain infectious for
approximately 5 days after the onset of the illness. Children remain infectious for 10 or more days after
the onset of symptoms and can shed the virus before the onset of symptoms. People who are
immunocompromised can remain infectious for up to 3 weeks.
Influenza protection options for a 62-year-old man with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes
mellitus include receiving: - ANSWER✔ trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in standard dose via
intramuscular injection.
This is the typical "flu shot." A quadrivalent inactivated vaccine is also available.
injected is not live but the nasal spray is
Which of the following should not receive vaccination against influenza?
A. a 19 year-old with a history of hive-form reaction to eating eggs
B. a 24-year-old woman who is 8 weeks pregnant
C. a 4-month-old infant who was born at 32 weeks of gestation
D. a 28-year-old woman who is breastfeeding a 2 week old. - ANSWER✔ c
all members of the population age 6 months and older should receive annual immunization against
seasonal influenza.
those with an egg allergy that is only hives should be given the vax
,A healthy 6-year-old girl presents for care. Her parents request that she receive vaccination for influenza
and report that she has not received this vaccine in the past. How many doses of influenza vaccine
should she receive this flu season?
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 - ANSWER✔ b
All children aged 6 months to 8 years who receive a seasonal influenza vaccine for the first time should
receive 2 doses spaced ≥4 weeks apart.
high risk populations that need flu vax - ANSWER✔ • All children aged 6 through 59 months.
• Adults and children who have chronic pulmonary (including asthma) or cardiovascular (except isolated
hypertension), renal, hepatic, neurological, hematologic, or metabolic disorders (including diabetes
mellitus). Individuals age 50 years of age and older.
• Persons who have immunosuppression (including immunosuppression caused by medications or by
HIV infection).
• Women who are or will be pregnant during the influenza season.
• Children and adolescents (aged 6 months - 18 years) who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy and
who might be
at risk for experiencing Reye's syndrome after influenza virus infection.
• Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities.
• American Indians/Alaska Natives.
• Persons who are morbidly obese (BMI ≥40) kg/m2.
• People who live with or care for those at high risk for complications from flu, including:
• Healthcare workers.
• Household contacts of persons with medical conditions that put them at high risk for complications
from the flu.
• Household contacts and out of home caregivers of children aged ≤59 months and adults aged ≥50
years, with par-
ticular emphasis on vaccinating contacts of children less than 6 months of age. (These children are too
young to be vaccinated.)
LAIV is approved for___ - ANSWER✔ LAIV is approved for use in healthy people ages 2 to 49 years old
, It is not for patients with a health condition that places them at high risk for complications from
influenza, including chronic heart disease, chronic lung dis- ease such as asthma or reactive airways
disease, diabetes or kidney failure, and immunosuppression; children or adolescents receiving long-term
high-dose aspirin therapy; people with a history of Guillain-Barré syndrome; pregnant women; and
people with a history of allergy to any of the components of LAIV. Adverse effects of LAIV include nasal
irritation and discharge, muscle aches, sore throat, and fever.
FDA approved antiviral drugs for flu - ANSWER✔ In the United States, four antiviral drugs are
approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use against influenza: amantadine
(Symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine), zanamivir (Relenza), and oseltamivir (Tamiflu).
which flu drugs are only for influenza A and what are the new reccs for them - ANSWER✔
amantadine (Symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine)
high levels of resistance of influenza A viruses to amantadine and similar medications. Because of this
significant level of resistance, amantadine and rimantadine are no longer recommended by the CDC for
the treatment of influenza.
adverse affects of the 2 main flu antiviral drugs - ANSWER✔ Zanamivir is inhaled and can cause
bronchospasm, especially in patients with asthma or other chronic lung disease.
The adverse effects of oseltamivir are largely gastrointestinal; the risk of nausea and vomiting is
significantly reduced if the medication is taken with food.
When considering an adult's risk for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), the NP considers the
following: A. Patients born before 1957 have a high likelihood of
immunity against these diseases because of a history
of natural infection.
B. Considerable mortality and morbidity occur with all
three diseases.
C. Most cases in the United States occur in infants.
D. The use of the MMR vaccine is often associated with protracted arthralgia. - ANSWER✔ A
AND GRADED A+ NEW UPDATE| 2026/2027
Primary prevention - ANSWER✔ prevent the onset or acquisition of a given disease.
education and counseling
the most effective form of healthcare.
Secondary prevention - ANSWER✔ to identify and treat asymptomatic persons who have risk factors
for a given disease or in preclinical disease.
screening,
BP for HTN
Lipid Profile for HLD
Tertiary prevention - ANSWER✔ management of an established disease.
minimize disease
medications and lifestyle modification to normalize
aimed at improving or minimizing disease-related symptoms.
Active immunity is defined as - ANSWER✔ resistance developed in response to an antigen.
Which of the following statements best describes zanamivir (Relenza) or oseltamivir (Tamiflu) use in the
care of patients with or at risk for influenza? - ANSWER✔ Initiation of therapy early in acute influenza
illness can help minimize the severity of disease when the illness is caused by a nonresistant viral strain.
Preventive Services Recommended by the USPSTF - ANSWER✔
,Preventive Services Recommended by the USPSTF 2 - ANSWER✔
In an immunocompetent adult, the length of incubation for the influenza virus is on average: -
ANSWER✔ 1-4 days
Adults pass the illness on 1 day before the onset of symptoms and continue to remain infectious for
approximately 5 days after the onset of the illness. Children remain infectious for 10 or more days after
the onset of symptoms and can shed the virus before the onset of symptoms. People who are
immunocompromised can remain infectious for up to 3 weeks.
Influenza protection options for a 62-year-old man with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes
mellitus include receiving: - ANSWER✔ trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in standard dose via
intramuscular injection.
This is the typical "flu shot." A quadrivalent inactivated vaccine is also available.
injected is not live but the nasal spray is
Which of the following should not receive vaccination against influenza?
A. a 19 year-old with a history of hive-form reaction to eating eggs
B. a 24-year-old woman who is 8 weeks pregnant
C. a 4-month-old infant who was born at 32 weeks of gestation
D. a 28-year-old woman who is breastfeeding a 2 week old. - ANSWER✔ c
all members of the population age 6 months and older should receive annual immunization against
seasonal influenza.
those with an egg allergy that is only hives should be given the vax
,A healthy 6-year-old girl presents for care. Her parents request that she receive vaccination for influenza
and report that she has not received this vaccine in the past. How many doses of influenza vaccine
should she receive this flu season?
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4 - ANSWER✔ b
All children aged 6 months to 8 years who receive a seasonal influenza vaccine for the first time should
receive 2 doses spaced ≥4 weeks apart.
high risk populations that need flu vax - ANSWER✔ • All children aged 6 through 59 months.
• Adults and children who have chronic pulmonary (including asthma) or cardiovascular (except isolated
hypertension), renal, hepatic, neurological, hematologic, or metabolic disorders (including diabetes
mellitus). Individuals age 50 years of age and older.
• Persons who have immunosuppression (including immunosuppression caused by medications or by
HIV infection).
• Women who are or will be pregnant during the influenza season.
• Children and adolescents (aged 6 months - 18 years) who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy and
who might be
at risk for experiencing Reye's syndrome after influenza virus infection.
• Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care facilities.
• American Indians/Alaska Natives.
• Persons who are morbidly obese (BMI ≥40) kg/m2.
• People who live with or care for those at high risk for complications from flu, including:
• Healthcare workers.
• Household contacts of persons with medical conditions that put them at high risk for complications
from the flu.
• Household contacts and out of home caregivers of children aged ≤59 months and adults aged ≥50
years, with par-
ticular emphasis on vaccinating contacts of children less than 6 months of age. (These children are too
young to be vaccinated.)
LAIV is approved for___ - ANSWER✔ LAIV is approved for use in healthy people ages 2 to 49 years old
, It is not for patients with a health condition that places them at high risk for complications from
influenza, including chronic heart disease, chronic lung dis- ease such as asthma or reactive airways
disease, diabetes or kidney failure, and immunosuppression; children or adolescents receiving long-term
high-dose aspirin therapy; people with a history of Guillain-Barré syndrome; pregnant women; and
people with a history of allergy to any of the components of LAIV. Adverse effects of LAIV include nasal
irritation and discharge, muscle aches, sore throat, and fever.
FDA approved antiviral drugs for flu - ANSWER✔ In the United States, four antiviral drugs are
approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use against influenza: amantadine
(Symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine), zanamivir (Relenza), and oseltamivir (Tamiflu).
which flu drugs are only for influenza A and what are the new reccs for them - ANSWER✔
amantadine (Symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine)
high levels of resistance of influenza A viruses to amantadine and similar medications. Because of this
significant level of resistance, amantadine and rimantadine are no longer recommended by the CDC for
the treatment of influenza.
adverse affects of the 2 main flu antiviral drugs - ANSWER✔ Zanamivir is inhaled and can cause
bronchospasm, especially in patients with asthma or other chronic lung disease.
The adverse effects of oseltamivir are largely gastrointestinal; the risk of nausea and vomiting is
significantly reduced if the medication is taken with food.
When considering an adult's risk for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), the NP considers the
following: A. Patients born before 1957 have a high likelihood of
immunity against these diseases because of a history
of natural infection.
B. Considerable mortality and morbidity occur with all
three diseases.
C. Most cases in the United States occur in infants.
D. The use of the MMR vaccine is often associated with protracted arthralgia. - ANSWER✔ A
