NSG 3850 EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
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1. Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia - ANSWER ✔ A
2. What is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. insufficient ADH secretion
b. excess aldosterone secretion
c. administration of IV normal saline
d. frequent NG tube irrigation with water - ANSWER ✔ D
3. An increase int he resting membrane potential (hyperpolarizied) is
associated with
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - ANSWER ✔ A
4. Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular
production of ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia
b. hypocalcemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hypokalemia - ANSWER ✔ C
,5. The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular
space in adults is
a. three fourths
b. two thirds
c. one half
d. one third - ANSWER ✔ B
6. The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B12 (cobalamin) or
folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the
bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called
megaloblasts.
True or False - ANSWER ✔ True
7. Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete?
a. metabolic
b. carbonic
c. bicarbonate
d. ammonia - ANSWER ✔ B
8. The body compensates for metabolic alkalosis by
a. hypoventilation
b. decreasing arterial carbon dioxide
c. increasing bicarbonate ion excretion
d. hyperventilation - ANSWER ✔ A
9. The ABG pH = 7.52, PaCO2 = 30mmHg, HCO3- =24mmHg demonstrates
a. metabolic acidosis
b. respiratory acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. mixed alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ C
10.Diarrhea and other lower intestinal fluid losses will contribute to
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. mixed acid-base disorders - ANSWER ✔ B
11.Respiratory acidosis is associated with
a. increased carbonic acid
, b. hypokalemia
c. increased neuromuscular excitability
d. increased pH - ANSWER ✔ A
12.The arterial oxygen content (CaO2) for a patient with PaO2 100 mm Hg,
SaO2 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dL is - mL oxygen/dL.
a. 19.4
b. 1909.8
c. 210
d. 21.05 - ANSWER ✔ a. 19.4
13.Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as
a. carboxyhemoglobin.
b. bicarbonate ion.
c. dissolved carbon dioxide.
d. carbonic acid. - ANSWER ✔ b. bicarbonate ion
14.The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is
a. treatment of the underlying condition.
b. measures to improve oxygenation.
c. phlebotomy.
d. chemotherapy. - ANSWER ✔ b. measures to improve oxygenation.
15.A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-
deficiency anemia is
a. elevated total iron-binding capacity.
b. elevated MCHC and MCV.
c. elevated total and indirect bilirubin.
d. positive direct or indirect Coombs test. - ANSWER ✔ a. elevated
total iron-binding capacity.
16.Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum
a. hematocrit.
b. methemoglobin.
, c. bilirubin.
d. erythropoietin. - ANSWER ✔ c. Bilirubin
17.Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of
a. glucose.
b. fats.
c. proteins.
d. acetyl coenzyme A. - ANSWER ✔ a. glucose
18.What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?
a. Leukocytosis
b. Thrombocythemia
c. Neutrophilia
d. Pancytopenia - ANSWER ✔ d. Pancytopenia
19.The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is
a. iron administration.
b. high-protein diet.
c. erythropoietin administration.
d. vitamin B12 and folate administration. - ANSWER ✔ c.
erythropoietin administration.
20.Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of
a. iron.
b. intrinsic factor.
c. folate.
d. erythropoietin. - ANSWER ✔ b. intrinsic factor
21.The cause of the most common form of anemia is
a. acute bleeding.
b. iron deficiency.
c. protein malnutrition.
d. chronic disease. - ANSWER ✔ b. Iron deficiency
2026/2027 ACCURATE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED SOLUTIONS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. Decreased neuromuscular excitability is often the result of
a. hypercalcemia and hypermagnesemia
b. hypomagnesemia and hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
d. hypernatremia and hypomagnesemia - ANSWER ✔ A
2. What is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
a. insufficient ADH secretion
b. excess aldosterone secretion
c. administration of IV normal saline
d. frequent NG tube irrigation with water - ANSWER ✔ D
3. An increase int he resting membrane potential (hyperpolarizied) is
associated with
a. hypokalemia
b. hyperkalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - ANSWER ✔ A
4. Abnormalities in intracellular regulation of enzyme activity and cellular
production of ATP are associated with
a. hyponatremia
b. hypocalcemia
c. hypophosphatemia
d. hypokalemia - ANSWER ✔ C
,5. The fraction of total body water (TBW) volume contained in the intracellular
space in adults is
a. three fourths
b. two thirds
c. one half
d. one third - ANSWER ✔ B
6. The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B12 (cobalamin) or
folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the
bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called
megaloblasts.
True or False - ANSWER ✔ True
7. Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete?
a. metabolic
b. carbonic
c. bicarbonate
d. ammonia - ANSWER ✔ B
8. The body compensates for metabolic alkalosis by
a. hypoventilation
b. decreasing arterial carbon dioxide
c. increasing bicarbonate ion excretion
d. hyperventilation - ANSWER ✔ A
9. The ABG pH = 7.52, PaCO2 = 30mmHg, HCO3- =24mmHg demonstrates
a. metabolic acidosis
b. respiratory acidosis
c. respiratory alkalosis
d. mixed alkalosis - ANSWER ✔ C
10.Diarrhea and other lower intestinal fluid losses will contribute to
a. metabolic alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. mixed acid-base disorders - ANSWER ✔ B
11.Respiratory acidosis is associated with
a. increased carbonic acid
, b. hypokalemia
c. increased neuromuscular excitability
d. increased pH - ANSWER ✔ A
12.The arterial oxygen content (CaO2) for a patient with PaO2 100 mm Hg,
SaO2 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dL is - mL oxygen/dL.
a. 19.4
b. 1909.8
c. 210
d. 21.05 - ANSWER ✔ a. 19.4
13.Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as
a. carboxyhemoglobin.
b. bicarbonate ion.
c. dissolved carbon dioxide.
d. carbonic acid. - ANSWER ✔ b. bicarbonate ion
14.The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is
a. treatment of the underlying condition.
b. measures to improve oxygenation.
c. phlebotomy.
d. chemotherapy. - ANSWER ✔ b. measures to improve oxygenation.
15.A laboratory test finding helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-
deficiency anemia is
a. elevated total iron-binding capacity.
b. elevated MCHC and MCV.
c. elevated total and indirect bilirubin.
d. positive direct or indirect Coombs test. - ANSWER ✔ a. elevated
total iron-binding capacity.
16.Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring the serum
a. hematocrit.
b. methemoglobin.
, c. bilirubin.
d. erythropoietin. - ANSWER ✔ c. Bilirubin
17.Red blood cells obtain nearly all their energy from metabolism of
a. glucose.
b. fats.
c. proteins.
d. acetyl coenzyme A. - ANSWER ✔ a. glucose
18.What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?
a. Leukocytosis
b. Thrombocythemia
c. Neutrophilia
d. Pancytopenia - ANSWER ✔ d. Pancytopenia
19.The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is
a. iron administration.
b. high-protein diet.
c. erythropoietin administration.
d. vitamin B12 and folate administration. - ANSWER ✔ c.
erythropoietin administration.
20.Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of
a. iron.
b. intrinsic factor.
c. folate.
d. erythropoietin. - ANSWER ✔ b. intrinsic factor
21.The cause of the most common form of anemia is
a. acute bleeding.
b. iron deficiency.
c. protein malnutrition.
d. chronic disease. - ANSWER ✔ b. Iron deficiency
