Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language,
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which glial cell type is primarily responsible for myelinating
axons in the peripheral nervous system?
A. Oligodendrocyte
B. Schwann cell
C. Astrocyte
D. Ependymal cell
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schwann cells are the myelinating cells of the PNS.
Oligodendrocytes myelinate CNS axons, not peripheral ones.
Astrocytes provide support and regulate the extracellular
environment in the CNS, but do not form myelin. Ependymal
cells line ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid, not myelin.
Thus, only Schwann cells create the myelin sheath around PNS
axons.
Question 2
Gray matter of the brain is distinguished by its high
concentration of which component?
A. Myelinated axonal tracts
B. Neuronal cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers
C. Clusters of oligodendrocytes
D. Cerebrospinal fluid
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gray matter appears gray due to the presence of
many neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers. This
contrasts with white matter, which contains heavily myelinated
axons. Option A (myelinated tracts) describes white matter, not
gray. Option C is incorrect because clusters of oligodendrocytes
are not what give gray matter its color (oligodendrocytes
myelinate CNS axons in white matter). Option D (CSF) is found
in ventricles and subarachnoid space, not in cortical gray matter.
Therefore, neuronal cell bodies predominate in gray matter.
Question 3
Fibers that connect corresponding cortical areas in the left and
right cerebral hemispheres (e.g. via the corpus callosum) are
classified as which type of tract?
A. Association fibers
B. Commissural fibers
C. Projection fibers
D. Spinocerebellar fibers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Commissural fibers connect the two hemispheres of
the brain; the largest example is the corpus callosum.
Association fibers (Option A) connect regions within the same
hemisphere. Projection fibers (Option C) connect the cortex to
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which glial cell type is primarily responsible for myelinating
axons in the peripheral nervous system?
A. Oligodendrocyte
B. Schwann cell
C. Astrocyte
D. Ependymal cell
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schwann cells are the myelinating cells of the PNS.
Oligodendrocytes myelinate CNS axons, not peripheral ones.
Astrocytes provide support and regulate the extracellular
environment in the CNS, but do not form myelin. Ependymal
cells line ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid, not myelin.
Thus, only Schwann cells create the myelin sheath around PNS
axons.
Question 2
Gray matter of the brain is distinguished by its high
concentration of which component?
A. Myelinated axonal tracts
B. Neuronal cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers
C. Clusters of oligodendrocytes
D. Cerebrospinal fluid
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gray matter appears gray due to the presence of
many neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers. This
contrasts with white matter, which contains heavily myelinated
axons. Option A (myelinated tracts) describes white matter, not
gray. Option C is incorrect because clusters of oligodendrocytes
are not what give gray matter its color (oligodendrocytes
myelinate CNS axons in white matter). Option D (CSF) is found
in ventricles and subarachnoid space, not in cortical gray matter.
Therefore, neuronal cell bodies predominate in gray matter.
Question 3
Fibers that connect corresponding cortical areas in the left and
right cerebral hemispheres (e.g. via the corpus callosum) are
classified as which type of tract?
A. Association fibers
B. Commissural fibers
C. Projection fibers
D. Spinocerebellar fibers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Commissural fibers connect the two hemispheres of
the brain; the largest example is the corpus callosum.
Association fibers (Option A) connect regions within the same
hemisphere. Projection fibers (Option C) connect the cortex to
