PSY 102 Exam 4 V3 | PSY 102 General
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSY102 Exam 4) | Grand Canyon
University
1. When an individual attributes their own success to internal factors but blames failures on
external situational factors, which bias are they demonstrating?
A. Fundamental Attribution Error
B. Confirmation Bias
C. Actor-Observer Bias
D. Self-Serving Bias
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The self-serving bias is a common habit of a person taking credit for positive
events or outcomes, but blaming outside factors for negative events. This cognitive bias
helps protect self-esteem by maintaining a positive self-image. Researchers have found that
this bias is prevalent across various cultures and age groups.
2. In Solomon Asch’s classic study on conformity, what was the primary factor that influenced
participants to provide an obviously incorrect answer?
A. The size of the unanimous majority
B. The presence of a dissenting partner
,C. The difficulty of the task
D. The gender of the participants
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asch discovered that individuals were highly likely to conform to a group’s
incorrect judgment if the group was unanimous and consisted of at least three people. The
pressure to fit in or the belief that the group is better informed leads to this normative
social influence. Even when the correct answer was obvious, participants often chose the
group’s consensus over their own perception.
3. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which component of the personality acts as
the moral watchdog and represents internalized ideals?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Libido
E. Persona
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The superego provides guidelines for making judgments and strives for
perfection according to societal standards. It internalizes the morals and values taught by
, parents and society, often conflicting with the primal desires of the id. The ego’s role is to
mediate between the demands of the id and the constraints of the superego.
4. Which of the following describes the ‘Bystander Effect’ in social psychology?
A. Individuals are more likely to help when in a large group.
B. Help is offered based on the perceived status of the victim.
C. People help others only when they expect something in return.
D. The presence of others decreases the likelihood of any single individual offering help.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bystander effect suggests that the probability of help is inversely related to
the number of bystanders. This phenomenon is often attributed to the diffusion of
responsibility, where each person assumes someone else will intervene. Studies show that
when alone, individuals are significantly more likely to take action in emergencies.
5. Which of the following are recognized symptoms or characteristics of Schizophrenia? Select
all that apply.
A. Hallucinations
B. Delusions
C. Disorganized speech
D. Multiple distinct personalities
E. Flat affect (diminished emotional expression)
Psychology | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(PSY102 Exam 4) | Grand Canyon
University
1. When an individual attributes their own success to internal factors but blames failures on
external situational factors, which bias are they demonstrating?
A. Fundamental Attribution Error
B. Confirmation Bias
C. Actor-Observer Bias
D. Self-Serving Bias
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The self-serving bias is a common habit of a person taking credit for positive
events or outcomes, but blaming outside factors for negative events. This cognitive bias
helps protect self-esteem by maintaining a positive self-image. Researchers have found that
this bias is prevalent across various cultures and age groups.
2. In Solomon Asch’s classic study on conformity, what was the primary factor that influenced
participants to provide an obviously incorrect answer?
A. The size of the unanimous majority
B. The presence of a dissenting partner
,C. The difficulty of the task
D. The gender of the participants
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asch discovered that individuals were highly likely to conform to a group’s
incorrect judgment if the group was unanimous and consisted of at least three people. The
pressure to fit in or the belief that the group is better informed leads to this normative
social influence. Even when the correct answer was obvious, participants often chose the
group’s consensus over their own perception.
3. According to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, which component of the personality acts as
the moral watchdog and represents internalized ideals?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Superego
D. Libido
E. Persona
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The superego provides guidelines for making judgments and strives for
perfection according to societal standards. It internalizes the morals and values taught by
, parents and society, often conflicting with the primal desires of the id. The ego’s role is to
mediate between the demands of the id and the constraints of the superego.
4. Which of the following describes the ‘Bystander Effect’ in social psychology?
A. Individuals are more likely to help when in a large group.
B. Help is offered based on the perceived status of the victim.
C. People help others only when they expect something in return.
D. The presence of others decreases the likelihood of any single individual offering help.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bystander effect suggests that the probability of help is inversely related to
the number of bystanders. This phenomenon is often attributed to the diffusion of
responsibility, where each person assumes someone else will intervene. Studies show that
when alone, individuals are significantly more likely to take action in emergencies.
5. Which of the following are recognized symptoms or characteristics of Schizophrenia? Select
all that apply.
A. Hallucinations
B. Delusions
C. Disorganized speech
D. Multiple distinct personalities
E. Flat affect (diminished emotional expression)
