Anatomy & Physiology for Speech, Language,
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which glial cell is primarily responsible for myelinating axons in
the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Schwann cell
B. Oligodendrocyte
C. Astrocyte
D. Microglia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells in the CNS that
extend processes to wrap around axons and form myelin
sheaths, which increase conduction velocity of neural signals.
Schwann cells (Option A) myelinate axons in the peripheral
nervous system (PNS), not the CNS. Astrocytes (Option C)
support and nourish neurons and maintain the blood-brain
barrier but do not form myelin. Microglia (Option D) are the
immune cells of the CNS that remove debris and pathogens;
they do not produce myelin. Thus, Oligodendrocyte is correct.
Question 2
The medulla oblongata is located ______ relative to the
midbrain in the brainstem.
A. Superior
B. Inferior
, C. Anterior
D. Lateral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The brainstem is organized from superior (top) to
inferior (bottom) as midbrain → pons → medulla. Therefore,
the medulla oblongata is inferior to the midbrain. "Superior"
(Option A) is incorrect because the midbrain is above the pons
and medulla. "Anterior" (Option C) and "Lateral" (Option D) are
incorrect spatial terms; the medulla is ventral (anterior) to the
fourth ventricle but that does not make it anterior to the
midbrain, and it is midline rather than lateral. So “inferior” is
correct.
Question 3
Which cranial nerve carries auditory (hearing) information from
the ear to the brain?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D. Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) has
two components: the cochlear nerve for hearing and the
vestibular nerve for balance. It transmits auditory signals from
and Hearing
7th Edition
• Author(s)J. Anthony Seikel, David G.
Drumright, Daniel J. Hudock
TEST BANK
Chapter 11. Neuroanatomy
Overview
Sense, Sensor, and Stimulation
Divisions of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems
Development Divisions
Anatomy of the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons……..
,
,Question 1
Which glial cell is primarily responsible for myelinating axons in
the central nervous system (CNS)?
A. Schwann cell
B. Oligodendrocyte
C. Astrocyte
D. Microglia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oligodendrocytes are the glial cells in the CNS that
extend processes to wrap around axons and form myelin
sheaths, which increase conduction velocity of neural signals.
Schwann cells (Option A) myelinate axons in the peripheral
nervous system (PNS), not the CNS. Astrocytes (Option C)
support and nourish neurons and maintain the blood-brain
barrier but do not form myelin. Microglia (Option D) are the
immune cells of the CNS that remove debris and pathogens;
they do not produce myelin. Thus, Oligodendrocyte is correct.
Question 2
The medulla oblongata is located ______ relative to the
midbrain in the brainstem.
A. Superior
B. Inferior
, C. Anterior
D. Lateral
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The brainstem is organized from superior (top) to
inferior (bottom) as midbrain → pons → medulla. Therefore,
the medulla oblongata is inferior to the midbrain. "Superior"
(Option A) is incorrect because the midbrain is above the pons
and medulla. "Anterior" (Option C) and "Lateral" (Option D) are
incorrect spatial terms; the medulla is ventral (anterior) to the
fourth ventricle but that does not make it anterior to the
midbrain, and it is midline rather than lateral. So “inferior” is
correct.
Question 3
Which cranial nerve carries auditory (hearing) information from
the ear to the brain?
A. Trigeminal (V)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
D. Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vestibulocochlear nerve (cranial nerve VIII) has
two components: the cochlear nerve for hearing and the
vestibular nerve for balance. It transmits auditory signals from
