NUR 265 Exam 1 – Medical-Surgical Nursing –
(2026/2027) Actual Questions & Answers (Galen
College of Nursing)
EXAM 1 – VERSION 1: RENAL, ENDOCRINE, &
DIABETES (Questions)
QUESTION 1
The RN is caring for a patient with cirrhosis who develops increasing
abdominal girth and abdominal discomfort. What should the RN expect as
a new order from the healthcare provider?
A. Furosemide (Lasix)
B. Spironolactone
C. Beta-blockers
D. Albumin
Correct Answer: B. Spironolactone
*Rationale: * Ascites from cirrhosis often requires potassium-sparing
diuretics like spironolactone to manage fluid retention by antagonizing
aldosterone. This choice considers electrolyte balance and renal function,
which are critical in Med-Surg care. Spironolactone is preferred over loop
,diuretics like furosemide because it helps prevent the hypokalemia that can
precipitate hepatic encephalopathy.
QUESTION 2
The nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome with severe
proteinuria. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Furosemide
B. Lisinopril
C. Potassium supplements
D. Insulin
*Correct Answer: B. Lisinopril
*Rationale: * ACE inhibitors like lisinopril reduce proteinuria by lowering
intraglomerular pressure and slowing kidney damage progression in
nephrotic syndrome. This is a key intervention in managing nephrotic
syndrome to preserve renal function.
QUESTION 3
The nurse is reviewing labs of assigned clients. Which client requires priority
follow-up with the primary healthcare provider?
A. Temperature of 99.8°F
,B. Temperature of 101.4°F
C. Mild fatigue
D. Slight nausea
*Correct Answer: B. Temperature of 101.4°F
*Rationale: * Fever above 101°F post-dialysis indicates possible infection
and requires prompt assessment and intervention. This is a red flag for
sepsis or access-related infection and should be addressed immediately.
QUESTION 4
Which finding in a client who had hemodialysis yesterday requires
immediate follow-up?
A. Temperature of 99.8°F
B. Temperature of 101.4°F
C. Mild fatigue
D. Slight nausea
*Correct Answer: B. Temperature of 101.4°F
*Rationale: * Fever post-hemodialysis may indicate infection at the vascular
access site or bacteremia. This requires immediate assessment and
intervention. Mild fatigue and slight nausea are expected post-dialysis.
, QUESTION 5
The nurse caring for a client with diabetes insipidus should anticipate which
of the following interventions?
A. Fluid restriction
B. Administration of desmopressin
C. Administration of insulin
D. Increased potassium intake
*Correct Answer: B. Administration of desmopressin
*Rationale: * Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and
large volumes of dilute urine due to ADH deficiency or resistance.
Desmopressin (synthetic ADH) is the treatment of choice. Fluid restriction
would worsen dehydration. Insulin is for diabetes mellitus, not diabetes
insipidus.
QUESTION 6
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed calcium carbonate.
What is the primary purpose of this medication?
A. To treat hyperkalemia
B. To treat hypocalcemia
C. To bind phosphorus and prevent hyperphosphatemia
(2026/2027) Actual Questions & Answers (Galen
College of Nursing)
EXAM 1 – VERSION 1: RENAL, ENDOCRINE, &
DIABETES (Questions)
QUESTION 1
The RN is caring for a patient with cirrhosis who develops increasing
abdominal girth and abdominal discomfort. What should the RN expect as
a new order from the healthcare provider?
A. Furosemide (Lasix)
B. Spironolactone
C. Beta-blockers
D. Albumin
Correct Answer: B. Spironolactone
*Rationale: * Ascites from cirrhosis often requires potassium-sparing
diuretics like spironolactone to manage fluid retention by antagonizing
aldosterone. This choice considers electrolyte balance and renal function,
which are critical in Med-Surg care. Spironolactone is preferred over loop
,diuretics like furosemide because it helps prevent the hypokalemia that can
precipitate hepatic encephalopathy.
QUESTION 2
The nurse is caring for a client with nephrotic syndrome with severe
proteinuria. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
A. Furosemide
B. Lisinopril
C. Potassium supplements
D. Insulin
*Correct Answer: B. Lisinopril
*Rationale: * ACE inhibitors like lisinopril reduce proteinuria by lowering
intraglomerular pressure and slowing kidney damage progression in
nephrotic syndrome. This is a key intervention in managing nephrotic
syndrome to preserve renal function.
QUESTION 3
The nurse is reviewing labs of assigned clients. Which client requires priority
follow-up with the primary healthcare provider?
A. Temperature of 99.8°F
,B. Temperature of 101.4°F
C. Mild fatigue
D. Slight nausea
*Correct Answer: B. Temperature of 101.4°F
*Rationale: * Fever above 101°F post-dialysis indicates possible infection
and requires prompt assessment and intervention. This is a red flag for
sepsis or access-related infection and should be addressed immediately.
QUESTION 4
Which finding in a client who had hemodialysis yesterday requires
immediate follow-up?
A. Temperature of 99.8°F
B. Temperature of 101.4°F
C. Mild fatigue
D. Slight nausea
*Correct Answer: B. Temperature of 101.4°F
*Rationale: * Fever post-hemodialysis may indicate infection at the vascular
access site or bacteremia. This requires immediate assessment and
intervention. Mild fatigue and slight nausea are expected post-dialysis.
, QUESTION 5
The nurse caring for a client with diabetes insipidus should anticipate which
of the following interventions?
A. Fluid restriction
B. Administration of desmopressin
C. Administration of insulin
D. Increased potassium intake
*Correct Answer: B. Administration of desmopressin
*Rationale: * Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive thirst and
large volumes of dilute urine due to ADH deficiency or resistance.
Desmopressin (synthetic ADH) is the treatment of choice. Fluid restriction
would worsen dehydration. Insulin is for diabetes mellitus, not diabetes
insipidus.
QUESTION 6
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prescribed calcium carbonate.
What is the primary purpose of this medication?
A. To treat hyperkalemia
B. To treat hypocalcemia
C. To bind phosphorus and prevent hyperphosphatemia
