Page 1 of 154
NU 578 Unit 4 Exam ( Update)
University Of South Alabama, Questions &
Answers (Verified Answers) | Complete A+
Guide - PDF
1. A 55-year-old male presents with tachycardia,
hypertension, dilated pupils, and decreased bowel sounds
after a traumatic brain injury. Which receptor is most likely
activated?
A) Muscarinic
B) Nicotinic
C) Beta-1
D) Alpha-2
Answer: C – Beta-1
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Rationale: Beta-1 receptors in the heart increase heart rate
and contractility. Muscarinic activation would slow HR; nicotinic
affects skeletal muscle; alpha-2 inhibits norepinephrine
release.
2. A nurse administers atropine preoperatively. Which
expected effect is therapeutic?
A) Miosis
B) Bradycardia
C) Bronchorrhea
D) Decreased salivation
Answer: D – Decreased salivation
Rationale: Atropine is an anticholinergic that blocks muscarinic
receptors, reducing oral and respiratory secretions during
surgery.
3. Beta-2 receptor activation causes:
A) Bronchoconstriction
B) Uterine contraction
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C) Bronchodilation
D) Increased platelet aggregation
Answer: C – Bronchodilation
Rationale: Beta-2 receptors cause smooth muscle relaxation
(bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, vasodilation in skeletal
muscle).
4. A patient on metoprolol complains of fatigue and cold
hands. What is the mechanism?
A) Beta-1 blockade reducing cardiac output
B) Alpha-1 blockade causing vasodilation
C) Muscarinic agonism
D) Central alpha-2 agonism
Answer: A – Beta-1 blockade reducing cardiac output
Rationale: Metoprolol is beta-1 selective; reduced CO causes
fatigue; unopposed alpha receptors lead to vasoconstriction in
extremities.
, Page 4 of 154
5. Which anticholinergic drug is used for Parkinson’s disease
tremor?
A) Benztropine
B) Bethanechol
C) Donepezil
D) Neostigmine
Answer: A – Benztropine
Rationale: Benztropine blocks central muscarinic receptors,
reducing tremor and rigidity in Parkinson’s disease.
6. A cholinergic crisis presents with which symptoms?
A) Dry mouth, urinary retention
B) Diarrhea, miosis, bradycardia
C) Hypertension, mydriasis
D) Hyperthermia, anhidrosis
Answer: B – Diarrhea, miosis, bradycardia
Rationale: Excess acetylcholine causes SLUDGE (salivation,
lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, GI upset, emesis) plus miosis
and bradycardia.
NU 578 Unit 4 Exam ( Update)
University Of South Alabama, Questions &
Answers (Verified Answers) | Complete A+
Guide - PDF
1. A 55-year-old male presents with tachycardia,
hypertension, dilated pupils, and decreased bowel sounds
after a traumatic brain injury. Which receptor is most likely
activated?
A) Muscarinic
B) Nicotinic
C) Beta-1
D) Alpha-2
Answer: C – Beta-1
,Page 2 of 154
Rationale: Beta-1 receptors in the heart increase heart rate
and contractility. Muscarinic activation would slow HR; nicotinic
affects skeletal muscle; alpha-2 inhibits norepinephrine
release.
2. A nurse administers atropine preoperatively. Which
expected effect is therapeutic?
A) Miosis
B) Bradycardia
C) Bronchorrhea
D) Decreased salivation
Answer: D – Decreased salivation
Rationale: Atropine is an anticholinergic that blocks muscarinic
receptors, reducing oral and respiratory secretions during
surgery.
3. Beta-2 receptor activation causes:
A) Bronchoconstriction
B) Uterine contraction
,Page 3 of 154
C) Bronchodilation
D) Increased platelet aggregation
Answer: C – Bronchodilation
Rationale: Beta-2 receptors cause smooth muscle relaxation
(bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, vasodilation in skeletal
muscle).
4. A patient on metoprolol complains of fatigue and cold
hands. What is the mechanism?
A) Beta-1 blockade reducing cardiac output
B) Alpha-1 blockade causing vasodilation
C) Muscarinic agonism
D) Central alpha-2 agonism
Answer: A – Beta-1 blockade reducing cardiac output
Rationale: Metoprolol is beta-1 selective; reduced CO causes
fatigue; unopposed alpha receptors lead to vasoconstriction in
extremities.
, Page 4 of 154
5. Which anticholinergic drug is used for Parkinson’s disease
tremor?
A) Benztropine
B) Bethanechol
C) Donepezil
D) Neostigmine
Answer: A – Benztropine
Rationale: Benztropine blocks central muscarinic receptors,
reducing tremor and rigidity in Parkinson’s disease.
6. A cholinergic crisis presents with which symptoms?
A) Dry mouth, urinary retention
B) Diarrhea, miosis, bradycardia
C) Hypertension, mydriasis
D) Hyperthermia, anhidrosis
Answer: B – Diarrhea, miosis, bradycardia
Rationale: Excess acetylcholine causes SLUDGE (salivation,
lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, GI upset, emesis) plus miosis
and bradycardia.
