EXANI-II Comprehensive Practice Bank:
Questions with Answer Rationales Across All
Disciplinary Modules
AREA 1: HEALTH SCIENCES (Ciencias de la Salud)
Focus: Biology, human anatomy, disease prevention, public health, and medical concepts.
1. A patient presents with fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. The doctor diagnoses typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi. Identify the actions
that prevent the spread of the disease among family members.
,- A) Using face masks and keeping spaces ventilated
- B) Frequent hand washing and keeping food in ventilated containers
- C) Refrigerating food and disinfecting common areas
- D) Avoiding physical contact and wearing gloves
- Answer: C. Salmonella typhi is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water. Proper food refrigeration and disinfection of
common surfaces break this transmission chain .
2. Which organ is the site of fertilization of the ovum by the sperm?
- A) Vagina
- B) Uterus
- C) Fallopian tube (Tuba uterina)
- D) Ovary
- Answer: C. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube, not the uterus or vagina .
3. Which organ is responsible for coordinated movements and balance?
- A) Medulla oblongata (Bulbo raquídeo)
- B) Cerebrum
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Hypothalamus
- Answer: C. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, maintains posture, and controls balance .
,4. A patient arrives at the ER with severe lower back pain and blood in their urine. Lab tests reveal kidney inflammation. What is the diagnosis?
- A) Cystitis (bladder inflammation)
- B) Proctitis (rectum inflammation)
- C) Nephritis (kidney inflammation)
- D) Urethritis
- Answer: C. The prefix "nephr-" refers to the kidneys, and "-itis" means inflammation .
5. The Salmonella spp. bacterium possesses virulence mechanisms like toxin release that produce adverse health effects. Which element of the
epidemiological triad does this description refer to?
- A) Host
- B) Agent
- C) Environment
- D) Vector
- Answer: B. The agent is the cause of the disease (the bacterium); its virulence factors are properties of the agent .
6. A marginalized community experiences a tuberculosis outbreak due to a lack of preventive medicine services. What action should be implemented to
prevent spread considering its transmission route?
- A) Limit gatherings in crowded areas
- B) Distribute mosquito nets
- C) Boil water before drinking
- D) Isolate only symptomatic patients
, - Answer: A. TB is transmitted via airborne droplets (coughing, speaking). Avoiding crowded spaces reduces exposure .
7. The Ministry of Health implements a school program informing about HIV transmission routes and promotes condom use among high school students.
This is a form of:
- A) Primary prevention
- B) Secondary prevention
- C) Tertiary prevention
- D) Quaternary prevention
- Answer: A. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs through education and protective measures .
8. A teenage patient is brought to consultation due to weakness, loss of bone mass, and restricted intake of high-calorie foods. What eating disorder is most
likely?
- A) Anorexia nervosa
- B) Bulimia nervosa
- C) Obesity
- D) Pica
- Answer: A. Anorexia is characterized by restricted food intake leading to significantly low body weight and bone density loss .
9. What is the main organ of the integumentary system?
- A) Liver
- B) Skin
Questions with Answer Rationales Across All
Disciplinary Modules
AREA 1: HEALTH SCIENCES (Ciencias de la Salud)
Focus: Biology, human anatomy, disease prevention, public health, and medical concepts.
1. A patient presents with fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. The doctor diagnoses typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi. Identify the actions
that prevent the spread of the disease among family members.
,- A) Using face masks and keeping spaces ventilated
- B) Frequent hand washing and keeping food in ventilated containers
- C) Refrigerating food and disinfecting common areas
- D) Avoiding physical contact and wearing gloves
- Answer: C. Salmonella typhi is transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water. Proper food refrigeration and disinfection of
common surfaces break this transmission chain .
2. Which organ is the site of fertilization of the ovum by the sperm?
- A) Vagina
- B) Uterus
- C) Fallopian tube (Tuba uterina)
- D) Ovary
- Answer: C. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube, not the uterus or vagina .
3. Which organ is responsible for coordinated movements and balance?
- A) Medulla oblongata (Bulbo raquídeo)
- B) Cerebrum
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Hypothalamus
- Answer: C. The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, maintains posture, and controls balance .
,4. A patient arrives at the ER with severe lower back pain and blood in their urine. Lab tests reveal kidney inflammation. What is the diagnosis?
- A) Cystitis (bladder inflammation)
- B) Proctitis (rectum inflammation)
- C) Nephritis (kidney inflammation)
- D) Urethritis
- Answer: C. The prefix "nephr-" refers to the kidneys, and "-itis" means inflammation .
5. The Salmonella spp. bacterium possesses virulence mechanisms like toxin release that produce adverse health effects. Which element of the
epidemiological triad does this description refer to?
- A) Host
- B) Agent
- C) Environment
- D) Vector
- Answer: B. The agent is the cause of the disease (the bacterium); its virulence factors are properties of the agent .
6. A marginalized community experiences a tuberculosis outbreak due to a lack of preventive medicine services. What action should be implemented to
prevent spread considering its transmission route?
- A) Limit gatherings in crowded areas
- B) Distribute mosquito nets
- C) Boil water before drinking
- D) Isolate only symptomatic patients
, - Answer: A. TB is transmitted via airborne droplets (coughing, speaking). Avoiding crowded spaces reduces exposure .
7. The Ministry of Health implements a school program informing about HIV transmission routes and promotes condom use among high school students.
This is a form of:
- A) Primary prevention
- B) Secondary prevention
- C) Tertiary prevention
- D) Quaternary prevention
- Answer: A. Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs through education and protective measures .
8. A teenage patient is brought to consultation due to weakness, loss of bone mass, and restricted intake of high-calorie foods. What eating disorder is most
likely?
- A) Anorexia nervosa
- B) Bulimia nervosa
- C) Obesity
- D) Pica
- Answer: A. Anorexia is characterized by restricted food intake leading to significantly low body weight and bone density loss .
9. What is the main organ of the integumentary system?
- A) Liver
- B) Skin
