NSG 440 Exam 2 V3 | NSG 440 Population
Health | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG440 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A community health nurse is identifying the components of the epidemiological triad.
Which of the following should the nurse identify as an environmental factor?
A. The geographical location and climate
B. The infectious agent’s virulence
C. The age and gender of the population
D. The host’s nutritional status
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The epidemiological triad consists of the host, the agent, and the
environment. Environmental factors include external conditions such as geography,
climate, and socioeconomic factors that influence the interaction between the host and the
agent. In this scenario, the location and climate are the only options that fall under the
environmental category.
2. A nurse is working in the mitigation phase of disaster management. Which of the following
actions should the nurse include in this phase? Select all that apply.
A. Developing a community-wide disaster response plan
,B. Advocating for the construction of sea walls and levees
C. Educating the community on how to build a disaster supply kit
D. Lobbying for stricter building codes in earthquake-prone zones
E. Conducting mass casualty triage training for first responders
F. Providing immunizations to prevent disease outbreaks following a flood
Correct Answer: B, D, F
Explanation: Mitigation involves long-term measures taken to reduce the impact of a
disaster or prevent it from occurring. Activities such as infrastructure improvement and
policy changes like stricter building codes are classic examples of mitigation. Proactive
health measures like immunizations to prevent post-disaster outbreaks also fall under this
phase of the disaster cycle.
3. The nurse is calculating the incidence rate for a specific disease. Which information is
required for this calculation?
A. The number of existing cases at a specific point in time
B. The total number of deaths from the disease in a year
C. The ratio of cases to the total number of individuals exposed
D. The number of new cases identified during a specific period
Correct Answer: D
,Explanation: Incidence rates focus specifically on the number of new cases of a disease
that occur within a population during a specified timeframe. This differs from prevalence,
which counts all current cases (both old and new). Understanding incidence helps nurses
track the spread of an illness and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention programs.
4. A community health nurse is implementing a secondary prevention strategy for domestic
violence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Teaching conflict resolution skills to middle school students
B. Screening all women for signs of abuse during clinic visits
C. Providing counseling for survivors of intimate partner violence
D. Conducting a media campaign to raise awareness about abuse
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Secondary prevention aims at early detection and intervention to limit the
severity of a condition. Screening for abuse during routine clinical encounters allows the
nurse to identify individuals currently experiencing violence and provide immediate
support. Primary prevention, such as teaching conflict resolution, occurs before the
problem exists, while tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation.
5. Which of the following activities are considered part of a ‘Windshield Survey’ during a
community assessment? Select all that apply.
A. Observing the condition of housing and public spaces
B. Interviewing key informants at the local library
, C. Identifying the presence of public transportation and sidewalks
D. Reviewing census data from the last ten years
E. Noting the variety and availability of grocery stores and pharmacies
Correct Answer: A, C, E
Explanation: A windshield survey is an objective observation of a community made from a
moving vehicle or while walking. It allows the nurse to assess the physical environment,
including housing, infrastructure, and access to resources like food and health services.
Informant interviews and data reviews are separate components of a comprehensive
community assessment.
6. A nurse is using the Web of Causality model to investigate an outbreak. Why is this model
preferred over the epidemiological triad for chronic diseases?
A. It focuses exclusively on the relationship between host and agent
B. It prioritizes biological agents over environmental influences
C. It is simpler to use and requires less data collection
D. It identifies the complex interrelationships of multiple risk factors
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Web of Causality illustrates the complex interaction of various factors
that contribute to the development of a disease, particularly non-infectious ones. Chronic
diseases often do not have a single cause, so this model helps nurses visualize how social,
Health | Actual Q&A with Rationale
(NSG440 Exam 2) | Grand Canyon
University
1. A community health nurse is identifying the components of the epidemiological triad.
Which of the following should the nurse identify as an environmental factor?
A. The geographical location and climate
B. The infectious agent’s virulence
C. The age and gender of the population
D. The host’s nutritional status
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The epidemiological triad consists of the host, the agent, and the
environment. Environmental factors include external conditions such as geography,
climate, and socioeconomic factors that influence the interaction between the host and the
agent. In this scenario, the location and climate are the only options that fall under the
environmental category.
2. A nurse is working in the mitigation phase of disaster management. Which of the following
actions should the nurse include in this phase? Select all that apply.
A. Developing a community-wide disaster response plan
,B. Advocating for the construction of sea walls and levees
C. Educating the community on how to build a disaster supply kit
D. Lobbying for stricter building codes in earthquake-prone zones
E. Conducting mass casualty triage training for first responders
F. Providing immunizations to prevent disease outbreaks following a flood
Correct Answer: B, D, F
Explanation: Mitigation involves long-term measures taken to reduce the impact of a
disaster or prevent it from occurring. Activities such as infrastructure improvement and
policy changes like stricter building codes are classic examples of mitigation. Proactive
health measures like immunizations to prevent post-disaster outbreaks also fall under this
phase of the disaster cycle.
3. The nurse is calculating the incidence rate for a specific disease. Which information is
required for this calculation?
A. The number of existing cases at a specific point in time
B. The total number of deaths from the disease in a year
C. The ratio of cases to the total number of individuals exposed
D. The number of new cases identified during a specific period
Correct Answer: D
,Explanation: Incidence rates focus specifically on the number of new cases of a disease
that occur within a population during a specified timeframe. This differs from prevalence,
which counts all current cases (both old and new). Understanding incidence helps nurses
track the spread of an illness and evaluate the effectiveness of prevention programs.
4. A community health nurse is implementing a secondary prevention strategy for domestic
violence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Teaching conflict resolution skills to middle school students
B. Screening all women for signs of abuse during clinic visits
C. Providing counseling for survivors of intimate partner violence
D. Conducting a media campaign to raise awareness about abuse
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Secondary prevention aims at early detection and intervention to limit the
severity of a condition. Screening for abuse during routine clinical encounters allows the
nurse to identify individuals currently experiencing violence and provide immediate
support. Primary prevention, such as teaching conflict resolution, occurs before the
problem exists, while tertiary prevention focuses on rehabilitation.
5. Which of the following activities are considered part of a ‘Windshield Survey’ during a
community assessment? Select all that apply.
A. Observing the condition of housing and public spaces
B. Interviewing key informants at the local library
, C. Identifying the presence of public transportation and sidewalks
D. Reviewing census data from the last ten years
E. Noting the variety and availability of grocery stores and pharmacies
Correct Answer: A, C, E
Explanation: A windshield survey is an objective observation of a community made from a
moving vehicle or while walking. It allows the nurse to assess the physical environment,
including housing, infrastructure, and access to resources like food and health services.
Informant interviews and data reviews are separate components of a comprehensive
community assessment.
6. A nurse is using the Web of Causality model to investigate an outbreak. Why is this model
preferred over the epidemiological triad for chronic diseases?
A. It focuses exclusively on the relationship between host and agent
B. It prioritizes biological agents over environmental influences
C. It is simpler to use and requires less data collection
D. It identifies the complex interrelationships of multiple risk factors
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The Web of Causality illustrates the complex interaction of various factors
that contribute to the development of a disease, particularly non-infectious ones. Chronic
diseases often do not have a single cause, so this model helps nurses visualize how social,
