WARDLAWS CONTEMPORARY NUTRITION
CHAPTER 16 COMPREHENSIVE SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE ANSWERS
◉ Chyme.
Answer: A mixture of food and gastric juices created in the stomach
◉ peristalsis.
Answer:
◉ bile.
Answer: created by the liver helps break down fats in the small
intestine
◉ Ulcer.
Answer:
◉ Heartburn.
Answer: occurs when stomach acid moves into the esophagus
◉ GERD.
,Answer: gastroesophageal reflux disease, it is caused by a weak
esophageal sphincter muscle, it can erode the esophagus
◉ Irritable bowel syndrome.
Answer:
◉ Gallstones.
Answer:
◉ Constipation.
Answer:
◉ hemorrhoids.
Answer:
◉ Define Food Insecurity. What % of US Households are food
insecure?.
Answer: Condition in which the quality, variety and/ or desirability
of the diet is reduced and there is difficulty at times providing food
for everyone in the household. Nearly 15% of households in the US
are food insecure.
◉ Contributing factors to food insecurity?.
,Answer: Poverty
Children more at risk
Farming changed to export focus
Country debt affecting export focus
◉ Major health consequences of lack of food? Most common
micronutrient deficiencies?.
Answer: -Physical and Mental activity decline
-Growth slows or ceases
-Muscle and fat wasting
-Immune system weakness
-Increased susceptibility to disease
-Death
-Iron, Iodine, Zinc, Folate, and Vitamin A deficiency most common
◉ US Government agency administering most nutrition assistance
programs.
Answer: USDA
◉ Programs to Increase Food Security in the US.
Answer: SNAP (Food stamps)
WIC (Women, Infant, Children; to age 5)
, Natl School Lunch Program
Natl School Breakfast Program
Child and Adult Food Care Program (childcare and adult day care
facilities)
Programs for Seniors (Senior Centers and Meals on Wheels)
Food Distribution (Food banks)
◉ Organic Food.
Answer: Allowed: Biological Pest Management, Composting, Manure
Applications, Crop Rotations
Not Allowed: Synthetic fertilizers and hormones, Antibiotics, Sewage
Sludge, Genetic Engineering, Irradiation
◉ Genetic Modification Process and Uses.
Answer: Process: Desirable gene inserted into DNA of target crop
Uses: Pest and Weed Control; Better yield, fewer diseases
Main crops: Corn, Soy, Cotton, Sugar Beets, Canola, Alfalfa, Papaya
and Squash
◉ What is irradiation in food processing? What is its purpose?.
Answer: Foods are exposed to controlled doses of radiation which
passes through the food. It kills all bacteria and pathogens and
extends shelf life.
CHAPTER 16 COMPREHENSIVE SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE ANSWERS
◉ Chyme.
Answer: A mixture of food and gastric juices created in the stomach
◉ peristalsis.
Answer:
◉ bile.
Answer: created by the liver helps break down fats in the small
intestine
◉ Ulcer.
Answer:
◉ Heartburn.
Answer: occurs when stomach acid moves into the esophagus
◉ GERD.
,Answer: gastroesophageal reflux disease, it is caused by a weak
esophageal sphincter muscle, it can erode the esophagus
◉ Irritable bowel syndrome.
Answer:
◉ Gallstones.
Answer:
◉ Constipation.
Answer:
◉ hemorrhoids.
Answer:
◉ Define Food Insecurity. What % of US Households are food
insecure?.
Answer: Condition in which the quality, variety and/ or desirability
of the diet is reduced and there is difficulty at times providing food
for everyone in the household. Nearly 15% of households in the US
are food insecure.
◉ Contributing factors to food insecurity?.
,Answer: Poverty
Children more at risk
Farming changed to export focus
Country debt affecting export focus
◉ Major health consequences of lack of food? Most common
micronutrient deficiencies?.
Answer: -Physical and Mental activity decline
-Growth slows or ceases
-Muscle and fat wasting
-Immune system weakness
-Increased susceptibility to disease
-Death
-Iron, Iodine, Zinc, Folate, and Vitamin A deficiency most common
◉ US Government agency administering most nutrition assistance
programs.
Answer: USDA
◉ Programs to Increase Food Security in the US.
Answer: SNAP (Food stamps)
WIC (Women, Infant, Children; to age 5)
, Natl School Lunch Program
Natl School Breakfast Program
Child and Adult Food Care Program (childcare and adult day care
facilities)
Programs for Seniors (Senior Centers and Meals on Wheels)
Food Distribution (Food banks)
◉ Organic Food.
Answer: Allowed: Biological Pest Management, Composting, Manure
Applications, Crop Rotations
Not Allowed: Synthetic fertilizers and hormones, Antibiotics, Sewage
Sludge, Genetic Engineering, Irradiation
◉ Genetic Modification Process and Uses.
Answer: Process: Desirable gene inserted into DNA of target crop
Uses: Pest and Weed Control; Better yield, fewer diseases
Main crops: Corn, Soy, Cotton, Sugar Beets, Canola, Alfalfa, Papaya
and Squash
◉ What is irradiation in food processing? What is its purpose?.
Answer: Foods are exposed to controlled doses of radiation which
passes through the food. It kills all bacteria and pathogens and
extends shelf life.
