NSG 436 Exam 4 V2 | NSG 436 Leadership,
Ethics, and Policy in Health Care | Actual
Q&A with Rationale (NSG436 Exam 4) |
Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma regarding a patient’s end-of-life care. Which
ethical principle is primarily involved when the nurse ensures that the patient’s right to self-
determination is respected?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Non-maleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care. This principle requires nurses to respect the choices made by
competent individuals regarding their health and treatment plans. It serves as the
foundation for informed consent and the right to refuse treatment in clinical practice.
2. A nurse manager is utilizing transformational leadership to improve unit morale. Which
characteristic is most associated with this leadership style?
A. Focusing on day-to-day operations and task completion
,B. Inspiring and motivating staff through a shared vision
C. Using rewards and punishments to motivate staff
D. Maintaining the status quo to ensure stability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Transformational leadership focuses on inspiring followers to transcend
their own self-interests for the good of the organization. This style emphasizes long-term
goals and the personal growth of employees through shared vision and intellectual
stimulation. It is often contrasted with transactional leadership, which focuses on
immediate exchanges and task management.
3. Which of the following describes the ‘non-maleficence’ ethical principle in nursing
practice?
A. The duty to do good for the patient
B. The duty to be fair in the distribution of resources
C. The duty to ‘do no harm’ to the patient
D. The duty to maximize patient satisfaction at all costs
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Non-maleficence is the fundamental ethical obligation to avoid causing harm
to patients. This principle guides nurses to balance the risks and benefits of interventions
, to ensure the safety of the individual. It requires clinical competence and vigilance to
prevent negligence or intentional injury during care delivery.
4. A nurse manager is reviewing the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics.
Which of the following are core components of this document? (Select All That Apply)
A. Commitment to the patient
B. Advocacy for patient rights
C. Duty to the health care facility’s profit margin
D. Responsibility and accountability for nursing practice
E. Participation in establishing health policy
F. Personal health and safety of the nurse
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Explanation: The ANA Code of Ethics provides a framework for professional nursing
conduct and ethical decision-making. It emphasizes the nurse’s primary commitment to the
patient and the importance of advocating for their rights and safety. Furthermore, it
outlines the nurse’s responsibility for their own practice and their role in social justice and
policy development.
5. A nurse is advocating for a change in state legislation regarding nurse-to-patient ratios.
What is the first step the nurse should take in the policy-making process?
A. Implementing the new policy in the hospital
Ethics, and Policy in Health Care | Actual
Q&A with Rationale (NSG436 Exam 4) |
Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse is faced with an ethical dilemma regarding a patient’s end-of-life care. Which
ethical principle is primarily involved when the nurse ensures that the patient’s right to self-
determination is respected?
A. Autonomy
B. Beneficence
C. Justice
D. Non-maleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of patients to make their own decisions about
their medical care. This principle requires nurses to respect the choices made by
competent individuals regarding their health and treatment plans. It serves as the
foundation for informed consent and the right to refuse treatment in clinical practice.
2. A nurse manager is utilizing transformational leadership to improve unit morale. Which
characteristic is most associated with this leadership style?
A. Focusing on day-to-day operations and task completion
,B. Inspiring and motivating staff through a shared vision
C. Using rewards and punishments to motivate staff
D. Maintaining the status quo to ensure stability
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Transformational leadership focuses on inspiring followers to transcend
their own self-interests for the good of the organization. This style emphasizes long-term
goals and the personal growth of employees through shared vision and intellectual
stimulation. It is often contrasted with transactional leadership, which focuses on
immediate exchanges and task management.
3. Which of the following describes the ‘non-maleficence’ ethical principle in nursing
practice?
A. The duty to do good for the patient
B. The duty to be fair in the distribution of resources
C. The duty to ‘do no harm’ to the patient
D. The duty to maximize patient satisfaction at all costs
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: Non-maleficence is the fundamental ethical obligation to avoid causing harm
to patients. This principle guides nurses to balance the risks and benefits of interventions
, to ensure the safety of the individual. It requires clinical competence and vigilance to
prevent negligence or intentional injury during care delivery.
4. A nurse manager is reviewing the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics.
Which of the following are core components of this document? (Select All That Apply)
A. Commitment to the patient
B. Advocacy for patient rights
C. Duty to the health care facility’s profit margin
D. Responsibility and accountability for nursing practice
E. Participation in establishing health policy
F. Personal health and safety of the nurse
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Explanation: The ANA Code of Ethics provides a framework for professional nursing
conduct and ethical decision-making. It emphasizes the nurse’s primary commitment to the
patient and the importance of advocating for their rights and safety. Furthermore, it
outlines the nurse’s responsibility for their own practice and their role in social justice and
policy development.
5. A nurse is advocating for a change in state legislation regarding nurse-to-patient ratios.
What is the first step the nurse should take in the policy-making process?
A. Implementing the new policy in the hospital
