NSG 436 Exam 1 V3 | NSG 436 Leadership,
Ethics, and Policy in Health Care | Actual
Q&A with Rationale (NSG436 Exam 1) |
Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse manager demonstrates transformational leadership by involving the staff in the
vision of the unit and encouraging professional growth. Which characteristic best defines this
leadership style?
A. Focusing on immediate tasks and using rewards for compliance.
B. Maintaining the status quo and intervening only when standards are not met.
C. Exercising high control over every decision made within the nursing unit.
D. Empowering followers to work toward a shared vision and fostering innovation.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Transformational leadership focuses on building relationships and
motivating staff through a shared vision. These leaders encourage creativity and personal
development among their team members to improve organizational outcomes. Research
indicates that this style often leads to higher levels of staff retention and job satisfaction.
,2. When an elderly patient refuses a life-saving blood transfusion due to religious beliefs, the
nurse supports the patient’s decision despite personal disagreement. Which ethical principle
is the nurse primarily demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of a patient to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to ensure the patient is fully informed and
that their choice is respected without coercion. Even if the healthcare team believes a
different path is medically superior, the patient’s self-determination remains the priority.
3. Health policy development is a complex process influenced by a variety of internal and
external factors. Which of the following are recognized as key drivers of healthcare policy?
(Select all that apply)
A. Economic trends and budgetary constraints.
B. Public opinion and social values.
C. Scientific evidence and health research.
D. Lobbying efforts by professional organizations like the ANA.
,E. Political ideologies and party platforms.
F. The personal preferences of individual staff nurses on a single unit.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: Policy development at the state and federal levels is shaped by financial
resources and the prevailing social climate. Scientific data provides the evidence base
needed to justify new regulations or health initiatives. Additionally, political agendas and
the influence of advocacy groups ensure that specific interests are represented in the
legislative process.
4. A nurse leader is using a transactional leadership style during a crisis. What is a common
feature of this approach?
A. Inspiring staff to look beyond their own self-interest.
B. Focusing solely on the emotional needs of the team members.
C. Delegating all decision-making power to the bedside nurses.
D. Focusing on the exchange between leader and follower for task completion.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Transactional leadership is based on a system of rewards and punishments
to ensure tasks are completed correctly. It is effective in crisis situations where quick
action and adherence to protocols are essential. Unlike transformational leadership, it does
not typically focus on long-term growth or vision.
, 5. A nurse ensures that a patient receives pain medication before a painful dressing change,
following the principle of doing good. Which ethical principle does this action represent?
A. Beneficence
B. Veracity
C. Fidelity
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Beneficence involves taking positive actions to help others and promote their
well-being. By proactively managing the patient’s pain, the nurse is acting in the patient’s
best interest. This principle is foundational to the nursing goal of providing compassionate
and effective care.
6. The American Nurses Association (ANA) engages in lobbying to influence health policy.
What is the primary purpose of this advocacy?
A. To decrease the educational requirements for registered nurses.
B. To provide direct funding for private hospital constructions.
C. To eliminate the need for state boards of nursing.
D. To ensure that nursing interests are represented in legislation.
Correct Answer: D
Ethics, and Policy in Health Care | Actual
Q&A with Rationale (NSG436 Exam 1) |
Grand Canyon University
1. A nurse manager demonstrates transformational leadership by involving the staff in the
vision of the unit and encouraging professional growth. Which characteristic best defines this
leadership style?
A. Focusing on immediate tasks and using rewards for compliance.
B. Maintaining the status quo and intervening only when standards are not met.
C. Exercising high control over every decision made within the nursing unit.
D. Empowering followers to work toward a shared vision and fostering innovation.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Transformational leadership focuses on building relationships and
motivating staff through a shared vision. These leaders encourage creativity and personal
development among their team members to improve organizational outcomes. Research
indicates that this style often leads to higher levels of staff retention and job satisfaction.
,2. When an elderly patient refuses a life-saving blood transfusion due to religious beliefs, the
nurse supports the patient’s decision despite personal disagreement. Which ethical principle
is the nurse primarily demonstrating?
A. Beneficence
B. Autonomy
C. Justice
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of a patient to make their own decisions
regarding their healthcare. The nurse’s role is to ensure the patient is fully informed and
that their choice is respected without coercion. Even if the healthcare team believes a
different path is medically superior, the patient’s self-determination remains the priority.
3. Health policy development is a complex process influenced by a variety of internal and
external factors. Which of the following are recognized as key drivers of healthcare policy?
(Select all that apply)
A. Economic trends and budgetary constraints.
B. Public opinion and social values.
C. Scientific evidence and health research.
D. Lobbying efforts by professional organizations like the ANA.
,E. Political ideologies and party platforms.
F. The personal preferences of individual staff nurses on a single unit.
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, E
Explanation: Policy development at the state and federal levels is shaped by financial
resources and the prevailing social climate. Scientific data provides the evidence base
needed to justify new regulations or health initiatives. Additionally, political agendas and
the influence of advocacy groups ensure that specific interests are represented in the
legislative process.
4. A nurse leader is using a transactional leadership style during a crisis. What is a common
feature of this approach?
A. Inspiring staff to look beyond their own self-interest.
B. Focusing solely on the emotional needs of the team members.
C. Delegating all decision-making power to the bedside nurses.
D. Focusing on the exchange between leader and follower for task completion.
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: Transactional leadership is based on a system of rewards and punishments
to ensure tasks are completed correctly. It is effective in crisis situations where quick
action and adherence to protocols are essential. Unlike transformational leadership, it does
not typically focus on long-term growth or vision.
, 5. A nurse ensures that a patient receives pain medication before a painful dressing change,
following the principle of doing good. Which ethical principle does this action represent?
A. Beneficence
B. Veracity
C. Fidelity
D. Nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: Beneficence involves taking positive actions to help others and promote their
well-being. By proactively managing the patient’s pain, the nurse is acting in the patient’s
best interest. This principle is foundational to the nursing goal of providing compassionate
and effective care.
6. The American Nurses Association (ANA) engages in lobbying to influence health policy.
What is the primary purpose of this advocacy?
A. To decrease the educational requirements for registered nurses.
B. To provide direct funding for private hospital constructions.
C. To eliminate the need for state boards of nursing.
D. To ensure that nursing interests are represented in legislation.
Correct Answer: D
