BIOL 2150 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Recall that photosynthetic rates remain relatively constant in regions near the equator.
Imagine that tropical environments persisted throughout Earth's northern and southern
hemispheres (i.e., Earth's entire climate mirrored that near the equator). If Keeling had
collected his atmospheric CO2 data on such an Earth, what would you expect the
Keeling Curve to look like? - Answers - a straight line sloping upward (atmospheric CO2
levels do not seasonally oscillate but have increased over time)
What effectively limits how large a a bacterium can grow. The bigger the bacterial cell,
the less likely it is that nutrients can reach the cell's interior. - Answers - Diffusion
The pollen of seed-bearing plants and the spores of seedless vascular plants are both
transported by air. How do these structures differ? - Answers - Pollen contains mature
male gametophyte and spores are unicellular, whereas pollen grains are multicellular.
Imagine you are studying the turgor pressure at two different ends of a sieve tube. One
end of the sieve tube is located within a mature leaf, and the other end is located within
the roots. When comparing the turgor pressure within the sieve tube at those two
locations, what would you expect to find? - Answers - The turgor pressure will be
greater at the leaf end.
A farmer in Vermont is going to tap a tree in order to make maple syrup. Which of the
following plant structures must the farmer break to release (and collect) the sugar-rich
base for his syrup? - Answers - phloem
The BLANK deals with geological processes and carbon reservoirs, some of which have
been built up (or take place) over a period of millennia. In contrast, the BLANK involves
biological processes that are carried out on a daily and/or seasonal basis. - Answers -
long term carbon cycle; short-term carbon cycle
Mitchondria and chloroplasts are thought to have arisen from: - Answers -
endosymbiotic episodes
Pine use BLANK to disperse pollen, whereas flowering plants often rely on BLANK. -
Answers - wind; animals
An organism that acquires energy from the sun and uses glucose as a carbon source
would be classified as a: - Answers - photoheterotroph
, Which of the following plants would likely be the first to colonize a newly foamed
volcanic island (an environment of bare rock with no developed soil)? - Answers -
Bryophytes
Evidence that supports chloroplast origins from photosynthetic bacteria includes: -
Answers - similar organization of photosynthetic membranes, the use of two linked
photosystems to capture electrons from water, and similarities in the DNA sequence of
the chloroplast chromosome and bacterial chromosome.
Water is transported from the soil to the leaves in the: - Answers - xylem
In plants, BLANK are defined as haploid (1n) cells that develop into gametophytes.
Gametophytes, in turn, produce either haploid (1n) male or female BLANK that can fuse
to from diploid (2n) BLANK. - Answers - spores; gametes; zygotes
Undifferentiated cells of plants are most likely to be present in which of the following
tissues? - Answers - root tips
Over the last several decades, what have researchers discovered about atmospheric
CO2 levels? - Answers - They have collectively increased.
In adaption of plants to life on land, did spores or gametes evolve as the reproductive
products for long distance dispersal and why? - Answers - Spores: a single spore, but
not a single gamete, can establish a new individual.
A researcher synthesizes a new drug that specifically targets and degrades
peptidoglycan. What type of infections could this drug treat? - Answers - infections
caused by bacteria
The transport of the pollen to the ovule is called: - Answers - Pollination
If water molecules (H2O) suddenly stopped forming hydrogen bonds with one another,
how would water transport in vascular plants change (if at all)? - Answers - It would
stop, as water transport relies on the H2O molecules being connected by hydrogen
bonds.
Which of the seven superkingdoms contains all photosynthetic organisms? - Answers -
Archaeplastida
The pattern of reproduction occurring in the life cycles of land plants involving a regular
alternation between two distinct forms, the gametophyte and the sporophyte is called? -
Answers - alternation of generations
Many single-celled eukaryotic organisms have evolved complex life cycles that include
sexual reproduction. This means that: - Answers - at some point, two cells must fuse to
become diploid
ANSWERS
Recall that photosynthetic rates remain relatively constant in regions near the equator.
Imagine that tropical environments persisted throughout Earth's northern and southern
hemispheres (i.e., Earth's entire climate mirrored that near the equator). If Keeling had
collected his atmospheric CO2 data on such an Earth, what would you expect the
Keeling Curve to look like? - Answers - a straight line sloping upward (atmospheric CO2
levels do not seasonally oscillate but have increased over time)
What effectively limits how large a a bacterium can grow. The bigger the bacterial cell,
the less likely it is that nutrients can reach the cell's interior. - Answers - Diffusion
The pollen of seed-bearing plants and the spores of seedless vascular plants are both
transported by air. How do these structures differ? - Answers - Pollen contains mature
male gametophyte and spores are unicellular, whereas pollen grains are multicellular.
Imagine you are studying the turgor pressure at two different ends of a sieve tube. One
end of the sieve tube is located within a mature leaf, and the other end is located within
the roots. When comparing the turgor pressure within the sieve tube at those two
locations, what would you expect to find? - Answers - The turgor pressure will be
greater at the leaf end.
A farmer in Vermont is going to tap a tree in order to make maple syrup. Which of the
following plant structures must the farmer break to release (and collect) the sugar-rich
base for his syrup? - Answers - phloem
The BLANK deals with geological processes and carbon reservoirs, some of which have
been built up (or take place) over a period of millennia. In contrast, the BLANK involves
biological processes that are carried out on a daily and/or seasonal basis. - Answers -
long term carbon cycle; short-term carbon cycle
Mitchondria and chloroplasts are thought to have arisen from: - Answers -
endosymbiotic episodes
Pine use BLANK to disperse pollen, whereas flowering plants often rely on BLANK. -
Answers - wind; animals
An organism that acquires energy from the sun and uses glucose as a carbon source
would be classified as a: - Answers - photoheterotroph
, Which of the following plants would likely be the first to colonize a newly foamed
volcanic island (an environment of bare rock with no developed soil)? - Answers -
Bryophytes
Evidence that supports chloroplast origins from photosynthetic bacteria includes: -
Answers - similar organization of photosynthetic membranes, the use of two linked
photosystems to capture electrons from water, and similarities in the DNA sequence of
the chloroplast chromosome and bacterial chromosome.
Water is transported from the soil to the leaves in the: - Answers - xylem
In plants, BLANK are defined as haploid (1n) cells that develop into gametophytes.
Gametophytes, in turn, produce either haploid (1n) male or female BLANK that can fuse
to from diploid (2n) BLANK. - Answers - spores; gametes; zygotes
Undifferentiated cells of plants are most likely to be present in which of the following
tissues? - Answers - root tips
Over the last several decades, what have researchers discovered about atmospheric
CO2 levels? - Answers - They have collectively increased.
In adaption of plants to life on land, did spores or gametes evolve as the reproductive
products for long distance dispersal and why? - Answers - Spores: a single spore, but
not a single gamete, can establish a new individual.
A researcher synthesizes a new drug that specifically targets and degrades
peptidoglycan. What type of infections could this drug treat? - Answers - infections
caused by bacteria
The transport of the pollen to the ovule is called: - Answers - Pollination
If water molecules (H2O) suddenly stopped forming hydrogen bonds with one another,
how would water transport in vascular plants change (if at all)? - Answers - It would
stop, as water transport relies on the H2O molecules being connected by hydrogen
bonds.
Which of the seven superkingdoms contains all photosynthetic organisms? - Answers -
Archaeplastida
The pattern of reproduction occurring in the life cycles of land plants involving a regular
alternation between two distinct forms, the gametophyte and the sporophyte is called? -
Answers - alternation of generations
Many single-celled eukaryotic organisms have evolved complex life cycles that include
sexual reproduction. This means that: - Answers - at some point, two cells must fuse to
become diploid
