NUTRITION
PASS.
C O L L E G E O F H E A LT H S C I E N C E S · N U T R I T I O N P R O G R A M
Nutrition Science
Complete Practice Question Bank
Macronutrients, Vitamins, Minerals & Weight Management
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW:
Digestive System, Lipoproteins & Blood Sugar Regulation
— Vitamins, Minerals & Behavior Modification
Edition 1 · July 2026
EXAM FOCUSED DETAILED 100+ QUESTIONS BUILD CONFIDENCE
RATIONALES
Comprehensive nutrition Complete course coverage Master your nutrition exam
exam prep Clear explanations for mastery
P r e pa r e · P r a c t i c e · Pa s s
Excellence in Nutrition Science Education
,NUTRITION SCIENCE · PRACTICE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS 1–30
Section 1: Digestive System, Macronutrients & Lipoproteins
1 Hard, dry stools related to a low fiber diet are known as:
A Constipation — treated by increasing water and insoluble fiber intake
B Diarrhea — treated with electrolytes
C Irritable bowel syndrome
D Diverticulosis
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: Constipation results from slow movement of feces through the
digestive system, often due to inadequate fiber and fluid intake. Insoluble
fiber increases stool mass and softens stools, while adequate water intake
facilitates passage. This is distinct from diarrhea (loose watery stools) and
IBS (bloating, alternating symptoms).
2 The organ that stores bile to aid in fat digestion in the small intestine is
the:
A Gallbladder — stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver
B Liver — produces but does not store bile
C Pancreas — produces digestive enzymes
D Stomach — mechanically and chemically digests food
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: The liver PRODUCES bile, but the gallbladder STORES and
concentrates it until needed for fat digestion in the small intestine. When
fatty foods enter the duodenum, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile
to emulsify fats, increasing their surface area for enzymatic digestion.
, 3 A burning sensation in the esophagus is known as:
A Heartburn/GERD — gastric acid enters the esophagus and damages the
epithelial lining
B Peptic ulcer — sores developing along the GI tract
C Irritable bowel syndrome — bloating and abdominal pain
D Diverticulosis — small pouches in the colon
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: Heartburn (GERD) occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter
fails to close properly, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus.
The acid damages the esophageal lining, causing a characteristic burning
sensation. Ulcers are sores; IBS causes bloating/cramping; diverticulosis
involves colon pouches.
4 LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is:
A The remnant of VLDL that delivers cholesterol to cells — known as "bad
cholesterol"
B Transports dietary fat from the small intestine to cells
C Carries lipids from the liver to the cells as the primary triglyceride carrier
D The largest lipoprotein with the lowest density
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: LDL is the remnant of VLDL after triglycerides are removed —
it is predominantly cholesterol and delivers it to cells. High LDL levels
contribute to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), increasing
cardiovascular risk. Chylomicrons transport dietary fat; VLDL carries
triglycerides from the liver.
PASS.
C O L L E G E O F H E A LT H S C I E N C E S · N U T R I T I O N P R O G R A M
Nutrition Science
Complete Practice Question Bank
Macronutrients, Vitamins, Minerals & Weight Management
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW:
Digestive System, Lipoproteins & Blood Sugar Regulation
— Vitamins, Minerals & Behavior Modification
Edition 1 · July 2026
EXAM FOCUSED DETAILED 100+ QUESTIONS BUILD CONFIDENCE
RATIONALES
Comprehensive nutrition Complete course coverage Master your nutrition exam
exam prep Clear explanations for mastery
P r e pa r e · P r a c t i c e · Pa s s
Excellence in Nutrition Science Education
,NUTRITION SCIENCE · PRACTICE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS 1–30
Section 1: Digestive System, Macronutrients & Lipoproteins
1 Hard, dry stools related to a low fiber diet are known as:
A Constipation — treated by increasing water and insoluble fiber intake
B Diarrhea — treated with electrolytes
C Irritable bowel syndrome
D Diverticulosis
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: Constipation results from slow movement of feces through the
digestive system, often due to inadequate fiber and fluid intake. Insoluble
fiber increases stool mass and softens stools, while adequate water intake
facilitates passage. This is distinct from diarrhea (loose watery stools) and
IBS (bloating, alternating symptoms).
2 The organ that stores bile to aid in fat digestion in the small intestine is
the:
A Gallbladder — stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver
B Liver — produces but does not store bile
C Pancreas — produces digestive enzymes
D Stomach — mechanically and chemically digests food
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: The liver PRODUCES bile, but the gallbladder STORES and
concentrates it until needed for fat digestion in the small intestine. When
fatty foods enter the duodenum, the gallbladder contracts and releases bile
to emulsify fats, increasing their surface area for enzymatic digestion.
, 3 A burning sensation in the esophagus is known as:
A Heartburn/GERD — gastric acid enters the esophagus and damages the
epithelial lining
B Peptic ulcer — sores developing along the GI tract
C Irritable bowel syndrome — bloating and abdominal pain
D Diverticulosis — small pouches in the colon
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: Heartburn (GERD) occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter
fails to close properly, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus.
The acid damages the esophageal lining, causing a characteristic burning
sensation. Ulcers are sores; IBS causes bloating/cramping; diverticulosis
involves colon pouches.
4 LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is:
A The remnant of VLDL that delivers cholesterol to cells — known as "bad
cholesterol"
B Transports dietary fat from the small intestine to cells
C Carries lipids from the liver to the cells as the primary triglyceride carrier
D The largest lipoprotein with the lowest density
CORRECT ANSWER: A
RATIONALE: LDL is the remnant of VLDL after triglycerides are removed —
it is predominantly cholesterol and delivers it to cells. High LDL levels
contribute to atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), increasing
cardiovascular risk. Chylomicrons transport dietary fat; VLDL carries
triglycerides from the liver.
