R. NCS T PREP
WHAT DESCRIBES AN ATOM IN WHICH THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ELEXTRONS IS
NOT EQUAL TO THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PROTONS, GIVING THE ATOM A NET
POSITIVE OR NET NEGATIVE CHARGE - answer ION
WHAT IS THE NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE IN AN ATOM - answer
ELECTRON
WHAT HAS NEUTRAL PARTICLES, ALONG WITH PROTONS, AND IS FOUND IN
THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM - answer NEUTRON
WHICH PARTICLES OF AN ATOM ARE POSITIVELY CHARGED - answer PROTON
WHAT MAKES UP THE ELEMENTS FOUND IN ALL MATTER - answer ATOMS
WHAT IS THE VOLTAGE INSIDE THE NERVE CELL MEMBRANE IN A RESTING
MEMBRANE POTENTIAL - answer-90 TO -70mV
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ION OUTSIDE A CELL MEMBRANE - answer SODIUM
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ION INSIDE A CELL MEMBRANE - answerPOTASSIUM
WHAT IS THE PHYSIOLOGICAL TERM FOR WHEN DEPOLARIZATION OCCURS IT
CAUSES A MUSCLE AND/OR NERVE FIBER TO EITHER RESPOND TO A
STIMULUS COMPLETELY IF IT REACHES THRESHOLD OR NO RESPONSE IF THE
DEPOLARIZATION IS INSUFFICIENT TO REACH THRESHOLD - answerALL OR
NONE RESPONSE
WHAT DESCRIBES CHANGING FROM A RESTING POTENTIAL OR POLARIZED
STATE TO AN EXCITED STATE - answerDEPOLARIZATION
WHAT CAUSES THE INSIDE OF THE CELL TO BE MORE POSTITVELY CHARGED
RELATIVE TO ITS RESTING STATE - answerDEPOLARIZATION?
WHAT DESCRIBES WHEN NERVE CELLS ARE CHANGED FROM AN EXCITED
STATE BACK TO A RESTING ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL OR POLARIZED STATE -
answerREPOLARIZATION
WHAT CAUSES THE INSIDE OF THE CELL TO BE MORE NEGATIVELY CHARGED
RELATIVE TO ITS RESTING STATE - answerHYPERPOLARIZATION
,DURING THE REPOLARIZATION PHASE, SODIUM CHANNELS BECOME
INACTIVATED AND CANNOT BE OPENED NO MATTER HOW MUCH
DEPOLARIZATION OCCURS, AND NO ACTION POTENTIAL CAN BE GENERATED
NO MATTER HOW STRONG THE STIMULUS. WHAT IS THIS - answerABSOLUTE
REFRACTORY PERIOD
IN THE LATER STAGES OF REPOLARIZATION, A BRIEF INCREASE IN THE
PERMEABILITY TO POTASSIUM OCCURS AND THIS RESULTS IN
HYPERPOLARIZING THE MEMBRANE AND RETURNING IT SLOWLY TO ITS
RESTING VALUE DURING WHICH TIME AN INCREASING NUMBER OF SODIUM
CHANNELS CAN BE OPENED. IF YOU GIVE A STRONG STIMULUS, IT MIGHT BE
POSSIBLE FOR ANOTHER ACTION POTENTIAL TO OCCUR. THIS IS KNOWN AS
WHAT - answerRELATIVE REFRACTORY PERIOD
PROPAGATION OF ACTION POTENTIALS ALONG MYELINATED AXONS FROM
ONE NODE OF RANVIER TO THE NEXT NODE OF RANVIER IS CALLED -
answerSALTATORY CONDUCTION
WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE CELLS THAT ARE SURROUNDING THE AXON TO
FORM THE MYELIN SHEATH - answerSCHWANN CELLS
WHAT DESCRIBES THE PERIODIC GAPS IN THE INSULATING SHEATH (MYELIN)
ON THE AXON THROUGH WHICH ION CHANNELS ALLOW THE FLOW OF IONS
ACROSS THE NERVE MEMBRANE - answerNODES OF RANVIER
THE LENGTH BETWEEN TWO NODES OF RANVIER IS CALLED -
answerINTERNODAL LENGTH
FORCING SODIUM OUT OF THE CELL AND POTASSIUM IN IS THE FUNCTION OF
WHAT - answerSODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
WHAT CAN INCREASE OR DECREASE THE CONDUCTION VELOCITY OF A
NERVE - answerDIAMETER OF THE AXON AND DEGREE OF MYELINATION
WHAT TYPES OF FIBERS MEDIATE PAIN, TEMPERATURE, AND AUTONOMIC
FUNCTION - answerUNMYELINATED FIBERS
NERVE FIBER BUNDLES HAVING A COMMON DESTINATION DESCRIBES -
answerFASCICLES
EACH INDIVIDUAL FASCICLE IS SURROUNDED BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CALLED - answerPERINEURIUM
WHAT IS THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL AXONS CALLED -
answerENDONEURIUM
, WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE OUTER SUPPORTIVE LAYER OF CONNECTIVE
TISSUE WHICH SURROUNDS THE WHOLE NERVE AND BINDS FASCICLES TO
EACH OTHER - answerEPINEURIUM
WHAT TYPES OF NERVE FIBERS ARE MYELINATED - answerTYPE A FIBERS-
MYELINATED FIBERS OF SOMATIC NERVE THAT CAN INNERVATE MUSCLE OR
SKIN
TYPE B FIBERS-MYELINATED PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
WHICH TYPE OF NERVE FIBER IS NOT FAST AND WHY - answerTYPE C
BECAUSE IT IS UNMYELINATED
WHICH NERVE FIBER IS FAST BUT NOT AS FAST AS NERVE FIBER TYPE A -
answerTYPE B-NOT AS MUCH MYELINATION AS TYPE A
WHAT IS THE COMMUNICATION LINK BETWEEN THE CENTRAL AND
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - answerAXONS
WHAT FACTORS ARE IMPORTANT FOR FAST CONDUCTION VELOCITY -
answerINCREASED DIAMETER AND MYELINATION OF NERVE FIBERS
WHERE IS THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION LOCATED - answerOUTSIDE OF THE
SPINAL CORD
WHERE ARE MOTOR NEURONS LOCATED - answerGRAY MATTER OF ANTERIOR
HORN IN THE SPINAL CORD
WHAT IS COMPOSED OF SARCOMERES AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MUSCLE
CONTRACTION - answerMYOFIBRIL
A STRUCTURAL SUBUNIT THAT CONTAINS ACTIN AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS -
answerSARCOMERE
WHICH BAND CONTAINS ONLY ACTIN FILAMENTS - answerI BAND
WHICH BAND CONTAINS ONLY MYOSIN FILAMENTS - answerH BAND
WHICH BAND CONTAINS BOTH ACTIN AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS - answerA BAND
WHERE ARE THE Z BANDS LOCATED - answerAT THE END OF EACH
SARCOMERE
WHAT MUSCLE FIBER IS CALLED THE "SLOW TWITCH MUSCLE FIBER", RICH IN
MITOCHONDRIA AND MYOGLOBIN - answerTYPE 1
WHAT DESCRIBES AN ATOM IN WHICH THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ELEXTRONS IS
NOT EQUAL TO THE TOTAL NUMBER OF PROTONS, GIVING THE ATOM A NET
POSITIVE OR NET NEGATIVE CHARGE - answer ION
WHAT IS THE NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE IN AN ATOM - answer
ELECTRON
WHAT HAS NEUTRAL PARTICLES, ALONG WITH PROTONS, AND IS FOUND IN
THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM - answer NEUTRON
WHICH PARTICLES OF AN ATOM ARE POSITIVELY CHARGED - answer PROTON
WHAT MAKES UP THE ELEMENTS FOUND IN ALL MATTER - answer ATOMS
WHAT IS THE VOLTAGE INSIDE THE NERVE CELL MEMBRANE IN A RESTING
MEMBRANE POTENTIAL - answer-90 TO -70mV
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ION OUTSIDE A CELL MEMBRANE - answer SODIUM
WHAT IS THE MAJOR ION INSIDE A CELL MEMBRANE - answerPOTASSIUM
WHAT IS THE PHYSIOLOGICAL TERM FOR WHEN DEPOLARIZATION OCCURS IT
CAUSES A MUSCLE AND/OR NERVE FIBER TO EITHER RESPOND TO A
STIMULUS COMPLETELY IF IT REACHES THRESHOLD OR NO RESPONSE IF THE
DEPOLARIZATION IS INSUFFICIENT TO REACH THRESHOLD - answerALL OR
NONE RESPONSE
WHAT DESCRIBES CHANGING FROM A RESTING POTENTIAL OR POLARIZED
STATE TO AN EXCITED STATE - answerDEPOLARIZATION
WHAT CAUSES THE INSIDE OF THE CELL TO BE MORE POSTITVELY CHARGED
RELATIVE TO ITS RESTING STATE - answerDEPOLARIZATION?
WHAT DESCRIBES WHEN NERVE CELLS ARE CHANGED FROM AN EXCITED
STATE BACK TO A RESTING ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL OR POLARIZED STATE -
answerREPOLARIZATION
WHAT CAUSES THE INSIDE OF THE CELL TO BE MORE NEGATIVELY CHARGED
RELATIVE TO ITS RESTING STATE - answerHYPERPOLARIZATION
,DURING THE REPOLARIZATION PHASE, SODIUM CHANNELS BECOME
INACTIVATED AND CANNOT BE OPENED NO MATTER HOW MUCH
DEPOLARIZATION OCCURS, AND NO ACTION POTENTIAL CAN BE GENERATED
NO MATTER HOW STRONG THE STIMULUS. WHAT IS THIS - answerABSOLUTE
REFRACTORY PERIOD
IN THE LATER STAGES OF REPOLARIZATION, A BRIEF INCREASE IN THE
PERMEABILITY TO POTASSIUM OCCURS AND THIS RESULTS IN
HYPERPOLARIZING THE MEMBRANE AND RETURNING IT SLOWLY TO ITS
RESTING VALUE DURING WHICH TIME AN INCREASING NUMBER OF SODIUM
CHANNELS CAN BE OPENED. IF YOU GIVE A STRONG STIMULUS, IT MIGHT BE
POSSIBLE FOR ANOTHER ACTION POTENTIAL TO OCCUR. THIS IS KNOWN AS
WHAT - answerRELATIVE REFRACTORY PERIOD
PROPAGATION OF ACTION POTENTIALS ALONG MYELINATED AXONS FROM
ONE NODE OF RANVIER TO THE NEXT NODE OF RANVIER IS CALLED -
answerSALTATORY CONDUCTION
WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE CELLS THAT ARE SURROUNDING THE AXON TO
FORM THE MYELIN SHEATH - answerSCHWANN CELLS
WHAT DESCRIBES THE PERIODIC GAPS IN THE INSULATING SHEATH (MYELIN)
ON THE AXON THROUGH WHICH ION CHANNELS ALLOW THE FLOW OF IONS
ACROSS THE NERVE MEMBRANE - answerNODES OF RANVIER
THE LENGTH BETWEEN TWO NODES OF RANVIER IS CALLED -
answerINTERNODAL LENGTH
FORCING SODIUM OUT OF THE CELL AND POTASSIUM IN IS THE FUNCTION OF
WHAT - answerSODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP
WHAT CAN INCREASE OR DECREASE THE CONDUCTION VELOCITY OF A
NERVE - answerDIAMETER OF THE AXON AND DEGREE OF MYELINATION
WHAT TYPES OF FIBERS MEDIATE PAIN, TEMPERATURE, AND AUTONOMIC
FUNCTION - answerUNMYELINATED FIBERS
NERVE FIBER BUNDLES HAVING A COMMON DESTINATION DESCRIBES -
answerFASCICLES
EACH INDIVIDUAL FASCICLE IS SURROUNDED BY CONNECTIVE TISSUE
CALLED - answerPERINEURIUM
WHAT IS THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL AXONS CALLED -
answerENDONEURIUM
, WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE OUTER SUPPORTIVE LAYER OF CONNECTIVE
TISSUE WHICH SURROUNDS THE WHOLE NERVE AND BINDS FASCICLES TO
EACH OTHER - answerEPINEURIUM
WHAT TYPES OF NERVE FIBERS ARE MYELINATED - answerTYPE A FIBERS-
MYELINATED FIBERS OF SOMATIC NERVE THAT CAN INNERVATE MUSCLE OR
SKIN
TYPE B FIBERS-MYELINATED PREGANGLIONIC FIBERS
WHICH TYPE OF NERVE FIBER IS NOT FAST AND WHY - answerTYPE C
BECAUSE IT IS UNMYELINATED
WHICH NERVE FIBER IS FAST BUT NOT AS FAST AS NERVE FIBER TYPE A -
answerTYPE B-NOT AS MUCH MYELINATION AS TYPE A
WHAT IS THE COMMUNICATION LINK BETWEEN THE CENTRAL AND
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM - answerAXONS
WHAT FACTORS ARE IMPORTANT FOR FAST CONDUCTION VELOCITY -
answerINCREASED DIAMETER AND MYELINATION OF NERVE FIBERS
WHERE IS THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION LOCATED - answerOUTSIDE OF THE
SPINAL CORD
WHERE ARE MOTOR NEURONS LOCATED - answerGRAY MATTER OF ANTERIOR
HORN IN THE SPINAL CORD
WHAT IS COMPOSED OF SARCOMERES AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MUSCLE
CONTRACTION - answerMYOFIBRIL
A STRUCTURAL SUBUNIT THAT CONTAINS ACTIN AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS -
answerSARCOMERE
WHICH BAND CONTAINS ONLY ACTIN FILAMENTS - answerI BAND
WHICH BAND CONTAINS ONLY MYOSIN FILAMENTS - answerH BAND
WHICH BAND CONTAINS BOTH ACTIN AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS - answerA BAND
WHERE ARE THE Z BANDS LOCATED - answerAT THE END OF EACH
SARCOMERE
WHAT MUSCLE FIBER IS CALLED THE "SLOW TWITCH MUSCLE FIBER", RICH IN
MITOCHONDRIA AND MYOGLOBIN - answerTYPE 1
