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NFDN 2003 -Unit 6 - Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance Questions and Answers.

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Intravenous (IV) - Answer into a vein venipuncture - Answer puncture of a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an intravenous infusion Sodium - Answer Na; 135-145 mEq/L Potassium - Answer K; 3.5-5.0 Chloride - Answer Cl; major negative ion in the body Magnesium - Answer Mg2+ Calcium - Answer Ca2+ Hyponatremia - Answer deficient sodium in the blood Hypernatremia - Answer high sodium Hypokalemia - Answer deficient potassium in the blood; most common cause is diuretics Hyperkalemia - Answer excessive potassium in the blood; most common causes are medications and renal failure Hypocalcemia - Answer deficient calcium in the blood; can be caused by parathyroid injury and medications Hypercalcemia - Answer excessive calcium in the blood; can be caused by cancer (especially with bone metastases) Hypomagnesemia - Answer insufficient amount of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

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NFDN 2003 -Unit 6 - Fluid, Electrolyte,
and Acid-Base Balance Questions and
Answers.
Intravenous (IV) - Answer into a vein



venipuncture - Answer puncture of a vein to remove blood, instill a medication, or start an
intravenous infusion



Sodium - Answer Na; 135-145 mEq/L



Potassium - Answer K; 3.5-5.0



Chloride - Answer Cl; major negative ion in the body



Magnesium - Answer Mg2+



Calcium - Answer Ca2+



Hyponatremia - Answer deficient sodium in the blood



Hypernatremia - Answer high sodium



Hypokalemia - Answer deficient potassium in the blood; most common cause is diuretics



Hyperkalemia - Answer excessive potassium in the blood; most common causes are
medications and renal failure



Hypocalcemia - Answer deficient calcium in the blood; can be caused by parathyroid injury
and medications



Hypercalcemia - Answer excessive calcium in the blood; can be caused by cancer (especially
with bone metastases)



Hypomagnesemia - Answer insufficient amount of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

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