communication ✔️any process in which people, through the use of symbols, verbally and/or nonverbally, consciously and /or unconsciously,
intentionally and/or unintentionally, generate meanings within and across various contexts, cultures, channels, and media.
message ✔️comprised of ideas and feelings that sender-receivers want to share
symbol ✔️something that stands for something else
verbal symbol ✔️a word that stands for a particular thing or idea
concrete symbol ✔️symbol that represents an object i.e. different varieties of chair
abstract symbols ✔️words that stand for complicated ideas
nonverbal symbols ✔️verbal, facial, vocal, gestural signs to indicate something without the use of words
external noise ✔️physical noise that distracts one from receiving the meaning of a message
internal noise ✔️internal thought processes that are distracting to one receiving message
feedback ✔️response of the receiver-sender to each other
semantic noise ✔️in interruption in the receiving of meaning because of an emotional reaction to the content of a sender-receiver's prior speech
transactional communication ✔️people engaged in communication are sending and receiving messages continuously and simultaneously,
communication events have a past, present and future, participants in communication play certain roles
intrapersonal communication ✔️communication that is between oneself and well.. oneself
interpersonal communication ✔️communication that occurs between two people or a small group thereof *best opportunity for feedback*
small-group communication ✔️communication that occurs with a small number of people usually in order to solve a problem
CMC (Computer-mediated communication) ✔️wide range of technologies that facilitate both human communication and the interactive sharing
of information through computer networks
public communication ✔️the sender-receiver sends a message to an audience with a highly structured message *very little chance for verbal
feedback*
intercultural communication ✔️communication that occurs when people of two or more cultures interact
culture ✔️the ever changing values, traditions, social and political relationships, and worldview created and shared by a group of people bound
together by a combination of factors
co-culture ✔️people who are part of a larger culture but also belong to a smaller group that has some different values, attitudes, or beliefs.
competent communication ✔️the ability to communicate in a personally effective and socially appropriate manner
strategic flexibility ✔️expanding your communication repertoire to enable you to use the best skill or behavior available for a particular situation
creativity ✔️the ability to synthesize vast amounts of information and wrestle with complex problems
ethical communication ✔️communication that is honest, fair, and considerate of others' rights
self-concept ✔️how you think and feel about yourself
perception ✔️how you look at others and the world around you
reflected appraisals ✔️messages you get about yourself from others
social-comparison ✔️comparing oneself to others to see how one measures up
self-perception ✔️the way you see yourself
, hyperpersonal ✔️label for internet relationships, thought to be more intimate than romances or friendships would be if partners were physically
together
deletions ✔️blotting out, erasing, or canceling information
distortions ✔️involve twisting or bending information out of shape
generalizations ✔️drawing principles or inclusions from particular evidence or facts
perceptual filters ✔️limitations that result from narrowed lens through which you view the world
implicit personality theory ✔️construction of a theory about what people's personalities are based on qualities or characteristics revealed by
heir behavior
attribution ✔️explanations devised about other people's behavior so you can understand what is taking place
objective reality ✔️the actual eternal reality people experience
subjective reality ✔️personal mental maps of the world
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis ✔️language used to some extent determines or at least influences the way in which you view and think about the world
around you
Semantic Triangle ✔️symbol->thought->referent
ladder of abstraction ✔️diagram of how we abstract through language, classifications, types, categories, and so on. Goes from concrete to
abstract, from fewer meanings to multiple.bessie->cow->livestock->farm->wealth
language environment ✔️made up of people, their purpose, the rules of communication by which they achieve their purpose, and the actual talk
used in the situation
racist language ✔️the tendency to describe the majority group, its actions, and its members in positive terms and minority groups in negative
terms.
sexist language ✔️any language that is supposed to include all people but, unintentionally or not excludes a gender
ableist language ✔️language referring to persons with disabilities that express disparaging attitutes
rapport-talk ✔️language designed to lead to intimacy with others, match experiences, and to establish relationships (women)
report-talk ✔️goal is to maintain status demonstrate knowledge and skills, and to keep the center-stage position
powerful talk ✔️talk that comes directly to the point and doesn't hesitate or use qualifications
dialect ✔️habitual language of a community
metamessage ✔️the meaning apart from what the actual words express
conversation management ✔️using nonverbal cues to structure conversations
paralanguage ✔️the way in which you say something
emblems ✔️body movement that directly translate into words
illustrators ✔️bodily movements that accent emphasize or reinforce words
regulators ✔️hand gestures, posture, and other bodily movements that signal the beginning and end of interactions
space and distance ✔️proxemics, examines the way people use the area around them as well as the distance they maintain from others
territory ✔️the space that a person considers to belong to him or her
manners ✔️a way of doing anything
functions of nonverbal communication ✔️complement a verbal message