PN 4003 VARIATIONS IN HEALTH 2026 EXAM
SCRIPT TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ endocarditis: treatment.
Answer: IV antibiotics (maybe at home, PIC), rest, ROM, valve repair,
anticoagulants
◉ endocarditis: nursing considerations.
Answer:
◉ myocardial infarction: nursing interventions.
Answer: ensure patient airway
VS
O2
obtain 12 lead ECG
assess pain
baseline blood test results: cardiac markers
LOC
monitor response to medications
prepare for CPR, defribillation
,◉ pulmonary edema: define.
Answer: abnormal; life threatening accumulation of fluid in the
alveoli and the interstitial spaces of the lungs
◉ what is the most common cause of pulmonary edema?.
Answer: left sided heart failure
◉ pulmonary embolism: nursing care.
Answer: O2 - coughing, deep breathing - turning - incentive
spirometry - pain assessment
◉ GI Bleed: nursing care.
Answer: caution when using sedatives as they may mask symptoms
- IV line
- I/O
hemodynamic monitoring
monitoring labs
◉ Cirrhosis: define.
Answer: a condition, not a disease that results from chronic liver
inflammation
, extensive fibrosis (scar tissue) from the livers attempt to repair itself
leading to permanent distortion in the liver architecture
◉ Cirrhosis: classifications.
Answer: compensated: the liver is able to continue to function
normally despite severe hepatic cell injury
decompensated: the blood tests will become abnormal
symptoms - jaundice, skin lesions, hematological conditions,
endocrine distrubances, peripheral neuropathy
◉ Cirrhosis: complications.
Answer: portal hypertension - esophageal varices - ascites -
peripheral edema - hepatic encephalopathy - hepatorenal syndrome
◉ Portal hypertension: define.
Answer: increased venous pressure in the portal circulation
◉ esophageal varices: define.
Answer: complexes of tortuous veins located at the lower end of the
esophagus
◉ ascites: define.
SCRIPT TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ endocarditis: treatment.
Answer: IV antibiotics (maybe at home, PIC), rest, ROM, valve repair,
anticoagulants
◉ endocarditis: nursing considerations.
Answer:
◉ myocardial infarction: nursing interventions.
Answer: ensure patient airway
VS
O2
obtain 12 lead ECG
assess pain
baseline blood test results: cardiac markers
LOC
monitor response to medications
prepare for CPR, defribillation
,◉ pulmonary edema: define.
Answer: abnormal; life threatening accumulation of fluid in the
alveoli and the interstitial spaces of the lungs
◉ what is the most common cause of pulmonary edema?.
Answer: left sided heart failure
◉ pulmonary embolism: nursing care.
Answer: O2 - coughing, deep breathing - turning - incentive
spirometry - pain assessment
◉ GI Bleed: nursing care.
Answer: caution when using sedatives as they may mask symptoms
- IV line
- I/O
hemodynamic monitoring
monitoring labs
◉ Cirrhosis: define.
Answer: a condition, not a disease that results from chronic liver
inflammation
, extensive fibrosis (scar tissue) from the livers attempt to repair itself
leading to permanent distortion in the liver architecture
◉ Cirrhosis: classifications.
Answer: compensated: the liver is able to continue to function
normally despite severe hepatic cell injury
decompensated: the blood tests will become abnormal
symptoms - jaundice, skin lesions, hematological conditions,
endocrine distrubances, peripheral neuropathy
◉ Cirrhosis: complications.
Answer: portal hypertension - esophageal varices - ascites -
peripheral edema - hepatic encephalopathy - hepatorenal syndrome
◉ Portal hypertension: define.
Answer: increased venous pressure in the portal circulation
◉ esophageal varices: define.
Answer: complexes of tortuous veins located at the lower end of the
esophagus
◉ ascites: define.
